Microstructural Characterization of Materials
Microstructural Characterization of Materials

Author: David Brandon

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-03-21

Total Pages: 517

ISBN-13: 1118681487

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Microstructural characterization is usually achieved by allowing some form of probe to interact with a carefully prepared specimen. The most commonly used probes are visible light, X-ray radiation, a high-energy electron beam, or a sharp, flexible needle. These four types of probe form the basis for optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy. Microstructural Characterization of Materials, 2nd Edition is an introduction to the expertise involved in assessing the microstructure of engineering materials and to the experimental methods used for this purpose. Similar to the first edition, this 2nd edition explores the methodology of materials characterization under the three headings of crystal structure, microstructural morphology, and microanalysis. The principal methods of characterization, including diffraction analysis, optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and chemical microanalytical techniques are treated both qualitatively and quantitatively. An additional chapter has been added to the new edition to cover surface probe microscopy, and there are new sections on digital image recording and analysis, orientation imaging microscopy, focused ion-beam instruments, atom-probe microscopy, and 3-D image reconstruction. As well as being fully updated, this second edition also includes revised and expanded examples and exercises, with a solutions manual available at http://develop.wiley.co.uk/microstructural2e/ Microstructural Characterization of Materials, 2nd Edition will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students of material science, materials engineering, and materials chemistry, as well as to qualified engineers and more advanced researchers, who will find the book a useful and comprehensive general reference source.

Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods
Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods

Author: Gerhard Huebschen

Publisher: Woodhead Publishing

Published: 2016-03-23

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 008100057X

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Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods discusses NDT methods and how they are highly desirable for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials, providing crucial early warning that the fatigue life of a material has elapsed, thus helping to prevent service failures. Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques for the characterization of materials, with a focus on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries. Each chapter focuses on a different NDT technique and indicates the potential of the method by selected examples of applications. Methods covered include scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques. The authors review both the determination of microstructure properties, including phase content and grain size, and the determination of mechanical properties, such as hardness, toughness, yield strength, texture, and residual stress. - Gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques - Reviews the determination of microstructural and mechanical properties - Focuses on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries - Serves as a highly desirable resource for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials

Materials Characterization
Materials Characterization

Author: Yang Leng

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-03-04

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 0470822996

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This book covers state-of-the-art techniques commonly used in modern materials characterization. Two important aspects of characterization, materials structures and chemical analysis, are included. Widely used techniques, such as metallography (light microscopy), X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, are described. In addition, the book introduces advanced techniques, including scanning probe microscopy. The second half of the book accordingly presents techniques such as X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (commonly equipped in the scanning electron microscope), fluorescence X-ray spectroscopy, and popular surface analysis techniques (XPS and SIMS). Finally, vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR and Raman) and thermal analysis are also covered.

High-Resolution Imaging and Spectrometry of Materials
High-Resolution Imaging and Spectrometry of Materials

Author: Manfred Rühle

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2003-01-31

Total Pages: 460

ISBN-13: 9783540418184

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This book gives a survey of and systematic introduction to high-resolution electron microscopy. The method is carefully discussed, the latest developments are reported, and the application to surface and interface analysis and to the study of hidden structures is presented. The book arises from research carried out at one of the world's leading centers of electron microscopy. It will appeal to researchers and advanced students.

A Practical Guide to Microstructural Analysis of Cementitious Materials
A Practical Guide to Microstructural Analysis of Cementitious Materials

Author: Karen Scrivener

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-10-09

Total Pages: 531

ISBN-13: 1498738672

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A Practical Guide from Top-Level Industry Scientists As advanced teaching and training in the development of cementitious materials increase, the need has emerged for an up-to-date practical guide to the field suitable for graduate students and junior and general practitioners. Get the Best Use of Different Techniques and Interpretations of the Results This edited volume provides the cement science community with a state-of-the-art overview of analytical techniques used in cement chemistry to study the hydration and microstructure of cements. Each chapter focuses on a specific technique, not only describing the basic principles behind the technique, but also providing essential, practical details on its application to the study of cement hydration. Each chapter sets out present best practice, and draws attention to the limitations and potential experimental pitfalls of the technique. Databases that supply examples and that support the analysis and interpretation of the experimental results strengthen a very valuable ready reference. Utilizing the day-to-day experience of practical experts in the field, this book: Covers sample preparation issues Discusses commonly used techniques for identifying and quantifying the phases making up cementitious materials (X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis) Presents good practice oncalorimetry and chemical shrinkage methods for studying cement hydration kinetics Examines two different applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (solid state NMR and proton relaxometry) Takes a look at electron microscopy, the preeminent microstructural characterization technique for cementitious materials Explains how to use and interpret mercury intrusion porosimetry Details techniques for powder characterization of cementitious materials Outlines the practical application of phase diagrams for hydrated cements Avoid common pitfalls by using A Practical Guide to Microstructural Analysis of Cementitious Materials. A one-of-a-kind reference providing the do’s and don’ts of cement chemistry, the book presents the latest research and development of characterisation techniques for cementitious materials, and serves as an invaluable resource for practicing professionals specializing in cement and concrete materials and other areas of cement and concrete technology.

Nano and Microstructural Design of Advanced Materials
Nano and Microstructural Design of Advanced Materials

Author: M. A. Meyers

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2003-12-05

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 0080537235

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The importance of the nanoscale effects has been recognized in materials research for over fifty years, but it is only recently that advanced characterization and fabrication methods are enabling scientists to build structures atom-by-atom or molecule-by molecule. The understanding and control of the nanostructure has been, to a large extent, made possible by new atomistic analysis and characterization methods pioneered by transmission electron microscopy. Nano and Microstructural Design of Advanced Materials focuses on the effective use of such advanced analysis and characterization techniques in the design of materials. - Teaches effective use of advanced analysis and characterization methods at an atomistic level - Contains many supporting examples of materials in which such design concepts have been successfully applied

Microstructural Analysis
Microstructural Analysis

Author: J. McCall

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 1461586933

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During recent years, people involved in developing new metals and materials for use in some of the rather extreme conditions of stress, temperature, and environment have relied heavily on the microstructural condition of their materials. In fact, many of the newer materials, such as dispersion-strengthened alloys, have been designed almost entirely by first determining the microstruc ture desired and then finding the right combination of composition, heat treatment, and mechanical working that will result in the de sired microstructure. Furthermore, the extremely high reliability required of materials used today, for example, in aerospace and nuclear energy systems, requires close control on the microstruc tural conditions of materials. This is clearly evident from even a cursory examination of recently written specifications for mate rials where rather precise microstructural parameters are stipu lated. Whereas specifications written several years ago may have included microstructural requirements for details such as ASTM grain size or graphite type, today's specifications are beginning to include such things as volume fraction of phases, mean free path of particles, and grain intercept distances. Rather arbitrary terms such as "medium pearlite" have been replaced by requirements such as "interlamella spacing not to exceed 0. 1 micron. " Finally, materials users have become increasingly aware that when a material does fail, the reason for its failure may be found by examining and "reading" its microstructure. The responsibility for a particular microstructure and a resulting failure is a matter of growing importance in current product liability consider ations.

Materials Characterization Techniques
Materials Characterization Techniques

Author: Sam Zhang

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2008-12-22

Total Pages: 344

ISBN-13: 1420042955

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Experts must be able to analyze and distinguish all materials, or combinations of materials, in use today-whether they be metals, ceramics, polymers, semiconductors, or composites. To understand a material's structure, how that structure determines its properties, and how that material will subsequently work in technological applications, researche

Polymer Microscopy
Polymer Microscopy

Author: Linda Sawyer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-12-24

Total Pages: 568

ISBN-13: 0387726284

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This extensively updated and revised Third Edition is a comprehensive and practical guide to the study of the microstructure of polymers. It is the result of the authors' many years of academic and industrial experience. Introductory chapters deal with the basic concepts of both polymer morphology and processing and microscopy and imaging theory. The core of the book is more applied, with many examples of specimen preparation and image interpretation leading to materials characterization. Emerging techniques such as compositional mapping in which microscopy is combined with spectroscopy are considered. The book closes with a problem solving guide.