Microfoundations of Evolutionary Economics

Microfoundations of Evolutionary Economics

Author: Yoshinori Shiozawa

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-27

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 4431552677

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This book provides for the first time the microfoundations of evolutionary economics, enabling the reader to grasp a new framework for economic analysis that is compatible with evolutionary processes. Any independent approach to economics must include a value theory (or price theory) and price and quantity adjustment processes. Evolutionary economics has rightly and successfully concentrated its efforts on explaining evolutionary processes in technology and institutions. However, it does not have its own value theory and is not capable of explaining the workings of everyday economics processes, in which any evolutionary process would take place. Our point of departure is the addition of myopic agents with severely limited rational and forecasting capacities (in stark contrast to mainstream economics). We show how myopic agents, in a complex world, can produce a stable price system and demonstrate how they can adjust their production to changing demand flows. Agents behave without any knowledge of the overall process, and they generate a stable economy as large as the global network of exchanges. This is the true “miracle” of the market mechanism. In contrast to mainstream general equilibrium theory, this miracle can be explained without the need for an auctioneer or infinitely rational agents. Thanks to this book, evolutionary economics can now claim to be an independent approach to economics that can completely replace mainstream neoclassical economics.


The Evolutionary Foundations of Economics

The Evolutionary Foundations of Economics

Author: Kurt Dopfer

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2005-05-23

Total Pages: 604

ISBN-13: 9781139443234

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It is widely recognised that mainstream economics has failed to translate micro consistently into macro economics and to provide endogenous explanations for the continual changes in the economic system. Since the early 1980s, a growing number of economists have been trying to provide answers to these two key questions by applying an evolutionary approach. This new departure has yielded a rich literature with enormous variety, but the unifying principles connecting the various ideas and views presented are, as yet, not apparent. This 2005 volume brings together fifteen original articles from scholars - each of whom has made a significant contribution to the field - in their common effort to reconstruct economics as an evolutionary science. Using meso economics as an analytical entity to bridge micro and macro economics as well as static and dynamic realms, a unified economic theory emerges.


The Microfoundations Delusion

The Microfoundations Delusion

Author: John Edward King

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2012-01-01

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 1781009120

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ïThis excellent book documents the creation of what has become the first commandment of orthodox macroeconomics: that microeconomic theory provides its foundation because this is the most secure form of economic knowledge. By contrast, John King shows conclusively that microeconomics cannot play such a role when assessed by the criteria of logic, or of science, or of economics itself. Indeed, he goes further and demonstrates that the microfoundations dogma detracts from knowledge about how economies actually operate, and instead generates patently false conclusions. Moreover, the dogma is shown to have blinded orthodox economists from even seeing the possibility of typical macroeconomic crises, and has disarmed them in formulating policies that would eliminate actual crises. The book therefore deals with a topic at the very heart of the present debacle in the world economy.Í _ Michael Howard, University of Waterloo, Canada ïA generation ago Dudley Dillard wrote a famous article on the ñbarter illusion in classical and neoclassical economicsî. Now John King has gone a step further and written about the microfoundations delusion. The illusion has been with us for a very long time, the delusion is of more recent vintage. Together they have blocked a basic understanding of macroeconomic and monetary phenomena at a time when they are most urgently needed. This is a book that had to be written, and we are fortunate that it is John King who has written it. Essential reading for our times.Í _ John Smithin, York University, Canada In this challenging book, John King makes a sustained and comprehensive attack on the dogma that macroeconomic theory must have ïrigorous microfoundationsÍ. He draws on both the philosophy of science and the history of economic thought to demonstrate the dangers of foundational metaphors and the defects of micro-reduction as a methodological principle. Strong criticism of the microfoundations dogma is documented in great detail, from some mainstream and many heterodox economists and also from economic methodologists, social theorists and evolutionary biologists. The author argues for the relative autonomy of macroeconomics as a distinct ïspecial scienceÍ, cooperating with but most definitely not reducible to microeconomics. The Microfoundations Delusion will prove a stimulating and thought-provoking read for scholars, students and researchers in the fields of economics, heterodox economics and history of economic thought.


The New Evolutionary Microeconomics

The New Evolutionary Microeconomics

Author: Jason Potts

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13:

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This work acts as a critique of the basis of neoclassical microeconomics, and makes a proposal for the structure of a new evolutionary theory.


Microfoundations of Economic Growth

Microfoundations of Economic Growth

Author: Gunnar Eliasson

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13:

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Contributors to this volume seek further understanding of the microfoundations of economic growth. The book focuses on three subjects that interested the great Austrian and Harvard economist, Joseph A. Schumpeter--innovation, technological change, and economic growth. These papers were presented at the 1996 meeting of the International Schumpeter Society.


Foundations of Evolutionary Economics, Chapter Four

Foundations of Evolutionary Economics, Chapter Four

Author: Carsten Herrmann-Pillath

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This is an entirely new draft of the fourth chapter of my book Foundations of Evolutionary Economics which is going to be published by Edward Elgar in due course. A full summary of chapter four can be found at the beginning of the main text. The chapter argues that the evolutionary notion of the individual is an abstract, multi-level one, including groups. This builds on an externalist approach to mind, which I define as supervening on the brain and signs as physical entities. Drawing on neuroscience and evolutionary psychology, I propose a dual selves model of the individual. In a dual selves model, emotions and identity emerge as integrative concepts that explain the possibility of agency. Agency is distributed, dual to the distributed nature of human knowledge. Against the background of an evolutionary theory of needs and wants, consumption is seen as a performative act. Overview of book contents • Chapter 1: Ontology • Chapter 2: Causality • Chapter 3: Evolution • Chapter 4: Individuals • Chapter 5: Networks • Chapter 6: Institutions • Chapter 7: Technology • Chapter 8: Markets.


The Microeconomics of Complex Economies

The Microeconomics of Complex Economies

Author: Wolfram Elsner

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2014-04-15

Total Pages: 599

ISBN-13: 0124115993

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The Microeconomics of Complex Economies uses game theory, modeling approaches, formal techniques, and computer simulations to teach useful, accessible approaches to real modern economies. It covers topics of information and innovation, including national and regional systems of innovation; clustered and networked firms; and open-source/open-innovation production and use. Its final chapter on policy perspectives and decisions confirms the value of the toolset. Written so chapters can be used independently, the book includes an introduction to computer simulation and pedagogical supplements. Its formal, accessible treatment of complexity goes beyond the scopes of neoclassical and mainstream economics. The highly interdependent economy of the 21st century demands a reconsideration of economic theories. Describes the usefulness of complex heterodox economics Emphasizes divergences and convergences with neoclassical economic theories and perspectives Fits easily into courses on intermediate microeconomics, industrial organization, and games through self-contained chapters


Darwinian Foundations for Evolutionary Economics

Darwinian Foundations for Evolutionary Economics

Author: J. W. Stoelhorst

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Veblen (1898) presented a vision of an evolutionary economics to study the process of economic development in terms of individual action and cumulative causation. In this paper I engage with the recent methodological debate on the potential contribution of Darwinism to such an evolutionary economics. I argue that ontological continuity, generalized Darwinism, and multi-level selection are all necessary building blocks to construct an explanatory framework that can fulfill the promise of Veblen's evolutionary research program. I clarify the cumulative causation logic of generalized Darwinism and suggest a layered ontology for the study of economic development on the basis of multi-level selection theory. Conceptualizing economic development in these terms has interesting implications for the understanding of the role of institutions in an evolutionary analysis: institutions only become units of selection in the competition between groups of individuals.


Essays on Genetic Evolution and Economics

Essays on Genetic Evolution and Economics

Author: Terence C. Burnham

Publisher: Universal-Publishers

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 0965856429

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Ever since Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species in 1859, genetic evolutionary theory has increasingly served as the foundation for fields that deal with organisms that arose by natural selection. This thesis argues that economic theory should integrate with Darwinian theory through the creation of a "genetic evolutionary economics". The promise of genetic evolutionary economics is a better understanding of human nature and, consequently, a more accurate and comprehensive economic science. Economic theory rests on a set of assumptions about human nature. These economic axioms concern human genes, but there is no explicit connection between genetic evolution and economic theory. As a result, human behavior and economic predictions of that behavior diverge in a variety of important settings. Why, for example, do most people save too little for the future when economics assumes that they will save enough? Chapter 2 discusses the difficulties inherent in the standard economic approach. Natural selection theory, the chapter argues, is the best tool for refining the axioms of economics. Genetic evolutionary economics allows the derivation of parameters that are intractable with standard economic techniques. There is, for instance, an ancient debate within economics about the role of self-interest in human affairs. Chapter 3 builds a genetic evolutionary model relevant to this issue, and concludes that a Darwinian lens removes many of the apparent paradoxes. Genetic evolutionary economics is a scientific endeavor. As such, it produces specific, testable hypotheses concerning behavior in economically relevant situations. Chapter 4 reports on a theoretical and experimental investigation of gift giving. A genetic evolutionary model organizes the existing data on gift giving and makes novel, testable predictions. Laboratory experiments, performed to test the theory, confirm the evolutionary model's predictions.


Schumpeterian Perspectives on Innovation, Competition and Growth

Schumpeterian Perspectives on Innovation, Competition and Growth

Author: Uwe Cantner

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-07-25

Total Pages: 442

ISBN-13: 3540937773

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Recent developments in economics have gone from the recognition of the importance of innovation for growth and the exploration of innovation mechanisms to the incorporation of the results of the previous research into economic models. An important lesson to be drawn from all this research is that a purely macro-based analysis of growth is not enough. The various mechanisms of innovation creation and diffusion, the importance of agent heterogeneity, of market selection processes, of the internal organization of the firm and of organizational routines, and the obsolescence and the consequent emergence of new types of capital goods are a few examples of micro-economic phenomena that contribute decisively to macro-economic development. The papers in this volume approach those issues from a Schumpeterian point of view and tackle issues like the growing importance of knowledge and human capital; increasing returns and path dependence; the role of variety in economic growth; competition and industry evolution.