Microeconomic Issues of Labor Markets in Developing Countries
Microeconomic Issues of Labor Markets in Developing Countries

Author: Dipak Mazumdar

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1989-01-01

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 9780821311837

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This paper deals with labor market structures in developing countries and the impact of government policies on rural and urban labor markets. The central concern in analyses of employment is absorption of labor. Governments try to influence the demand for labor so that more members of the labor force are absorbed into productive employment. Employment outcomes are often the by-products of government policies that affect economic growth as a whole. This paper concentrates on factors that influence the structure and functioning of labor markets. In Chapter 1, a schematic picture of labor markets is presented. Chapters 2 and 3 analyze the salient features of the workings of rural and urban labor markets and discuss some important government policies that affect the functioning of these markets. The paper concludes that Government intervention in both rural and urban labor markets has often been less than successful, sometimes because their policies were based on incorrect assumptions. At other times, these policies have achieved less because the government also adopted other policies that tended to contradict the goal of providing jobs.

Industrial and Labor Economics
Industrial and Labor Economics

Author: Saibal Kar

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-10-22

Total Pages: 175

ISBN-13: 813222017X

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This book is an attempt to capture and analyze several idiosyncratic features of industry and labor in the developing world. Available books and graduate-level texts in labor economics largely discuss industrial and labor market situations prevalent in developed countries, where well-defined institutional arrangements and regulations create a very different scope of analysis. The patterns of choice in training and contracts in the labor market more apparent in developing and transition countries are discussed, as are the information-theoretic results. The book also critically examines labor migration, a context in which the developing and transition countries represent large sources in the present global order. A broad base of empirical observations from industries is used to develop analytical conjectures on risk-sharing arrangements between workers and employers, while strong intuitive explanations are combined with relevant mathematical and graphical derivations, ensuring the book’s readability among graduate students pursuing courses in labor economics and industrial economics for developing and transition countries. The book may also serve as a valuable reference guide for all students in advanced human resources courses at management schools. Presenting state-of-the art research findings in all of its chapters, the book discusses numerous institutional peculiarities of the developing world, making the results distinct in view of the general scope of labor economics.

Labor Market Dynamics in Developing Countries
Labor Market Dynamics in Developing Countries

Author: Mariano Bosch

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 43

ISBN-13:

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Abstract: The authors study the dynamics of three developing country labor markets using recent advances in the estimation of continuous time Markov processes. They first examine the flows of workers among five states: three types of paid labor, unemployment, and out of the labor force. The authors find a high degree of commonality in patterns of worker flows among the three countries and attempt to compare the flexibility of the markets by examining an index of overall mobility. Second, they seek to establish whether the issues of advanced country labor markets apply to developing country markets or whether the latter constitute a different phylum. Paralleling the mainstream literature on the role of being out of the labor force as discouraged unemployment, the authors then identify some common stylized facts about the role of the informal self-employed and salaried sectors and to what degree they serve as a holding pattern versus a desirable alternative to formal sector work. In the process, the authors identify very strong differences in mobility patterns between men and women and attempt to shed some light on whether these differences arise from discrimination or perhaps instead the constraints imposed by household responsibilities. Finally, they study labor market adjustment across the business cycle in Mexico and identify patterns of job creation and destruction among the three paid sectors and confirm the mainstream view of the role of out of the labor force as a procyclical phenomenon.

Work, Wages, and Welfare in a Developing, Metropolis
Work, Wages, and Welfare in a Developing, Metropolis

Author: Rakesh Mohan

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13:

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Based on five years of in-depth investigation, this is a readable, concise summary of one of the largest research projects ever undertaken on a major city in a developing country. The book examines five key urban sectors--housing, transport, employment location, labor markets, and public finance--in the developing cities of Bogotá and Cali, Colombia. After an initial overview of the study and its goals, Mohan goes on to set Bogotá in its national urban and economic context and discusses such critical issues as income distribution, poverty, the characteristics of the labor force, labor force participation and earnings, women and the labor market, and social and spatial inequalities. With its abundance of quantitative information, coupled with a unique depth and breadth of coverage, this book makes an invaluable contribution to our understanding of the effect of policies and projects on developing countries.

Globalization, Technological Change, and Labor Markets
Globalization, Technological Change, and Labor Markets

Author: Stanley W. Black

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 1461549655

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Globalization, Technological Change and Labor Markets is an edited collection of papers drawn from the conference held at the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies in June 1997. This conference brought German and American perspectives to bear on the complex issues of global competition, technological change, and labor markets in the welfare state. The contributions are organized into five sections dealing with various aspects of the problem: (1) Macroeconomic Perspectives; (2) Microeconomic Aspects; (3) the German Model of Labor Relations; (4) the Social Market Economy; and (5) Trade Policy and Environmental and Labor Standards. This edited collection seeks to explore many of the key issues surrounding the debate over the impact of globalization and technological change on labor markets in Europe and the United States. `This volume provides path-breaking insights as to why globalization has wreaked havoc on the welfare states that had once propelled Western Europe and North America to an unprecedented standard of living throughout the post-war period. The high level of scholarship contained in the individual chapters forms a compelling argument that will convince even the most resistant skeptics that the days of the classic welfare state are numbered. More importantly, this book is filled with concrete suggestions based on careful economic analysis as to how technological change and globalization can be harnessed in conjunction with a new role of the state to provide a high standard of living.' David B. Audretsch, Ameritech Chair of Economic Development, Indiana University

Labour Markets, Poverty, and Development
Labour Markets, Poverty, and Development

Author: Giorgio Barba Navaretti

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 9780198293538

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Recent years have seen a period of adjustment and structural change for most developing countries. The ongoing consequences of the debt crisis in the 1980s caused widespread concern of a serious deterioration in wage and employment conditions, as well as in poverty and income distribution. Although the outlook for developing countries changed for the better during the 1990s, concerns about the labour market have not subsided. This book takes a detailed look at employment trends in developing countries, bringing together a distinguished group of international academics and practitioners.

Perspectives on Labour Economics for Development
Perspectives on Labour Economics for Development

Author: Sandrine Cazes

Publisher: International Labor Office

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 282

ISBN-13: 9788171889853

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In developing countries, labor markets play a central role in determining economic and social progress since employment status is one of the key determinants of exiting poverty and promoting inclusion. Yet the reality in most developing countries is that the labor market fails to create the jobs in the formal economy that would help individuals and their families prosper. In recognition of these challenges, governments and other stakeholders in developing countries have increasingly prioritized policies and programmes to promote decent work. However, this requires navigating a range of complex issues and debates surrounding the linkages between development processes and labour market outcomes. This volume consists of three main thematic parts. Part I provides a broad overview of key issues, including characterizing the employment challenge in developing countries and the link between economic growth, distribution, poverty and employment. Drawing on the literature and count