Fundamental Modeling of Membrane Systems
Fundamental Modeling of Membrane Systems

Author: Patricia Luis

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-06-29

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 0128134844

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Fundamental Modelling of Membrane Systems: Membrane and Process Performance summarizes the state-of-the-art modeling approaches for all significant membrane processes, from molecular transport, to process level, helping researchers and students who carry out experimental research save time and accurately interpret experimental data. The book provides an overview of the different membrane technologies, handling micro-, ultra-, and nanofiltration, reverse and forward osmosis, pervaporation, gas permeation, supported liquid membranes, membrane contactors, membrane bioreactors and ion-exchange membrane systems. Examples of hybrid membrane systems are also included. - Presents an accessible reference on how to model membranes and membrane processes - Provides a clear, mathematical description of mass transfer in membrane systems - Written by well-known, prominent authors in the field of membrane science

Membrane Technology and Engineering for Water Purification
Membrane Technology and Engineering for Water Purification

Author: Rajindar Singh

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2014-09-25

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 0444634096

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Membrane Technology and Engineering for Water Purification, Second Edition is written in a practical style with emphasis on: process description; key unit operations; systems design and costs; plant equipment description; equipment installation; safety and maintenance; process control; plant start-up; and operation and troubleshooting. It is supplemented by case studies and engineering rules-of-thumb. The author is a chemical engineer with extensive experience in the field, and his technical knowledge and practical know-how in the water purification industry are summarized succinctly in this new edition. This book will inform you which membranes to use in water purification and why, where and when to use them. It will help you to troubleshoot and improve performance and provides case studies to assist understanding through real-life examples. - Membrane Technology section updated to include forward osmosis, electrodialysis, and diffusion dialysis - Hybrid Membrane Systems expanded to cover zero liquid discharge, salt recovery and removal of trace contaminants - Includes a new section on plant design, energy, and economics

Membrane Systems
Membrane Systems

Author: Loredana De Bartolo

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2017-06-12

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 3110390884

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Membrane processes today play a signifi cant role in the replacement therapy for acute and chronic organ failure diseases. Current extracorporeal blood purifi cation and oxygenation devices employ membranes acting as selective barriers for the removal of endogeneous and exogeneous toxins and for gas exchange, respectively. Additionally, membrane technology offers new interesting opportunities for the design of bioartificial livers, pancreas, kidneys, lungs etc. This book reviews the latest developments in membrane systems for bioartificial organs and regenerative medicine, investigates how membrane technology can improve the quality and efficiency of biomedical devices, and highlights the design procedures for membrane materials covering the preparation, characterization, and sterilization steps as well as transport phenomena. The different strategies pursued for the development of membrane bioartifi cial organs, including crucial issues related to blood/cell-membrane interactions are described with the aim of opening new and exciting frontiers in the coming decades. The book is a valuable tool for tissue engineers, clinicians, biomaterials scientists, membranologists as well as biologists and biotechnologists. It is also a source of reference for students, academic and industrial researchers in the topic of biotechnology, biomedical engineering, materials science and medicine.

Integrated Membrane Systems and Processes
Integrated Membrane Systems and Processes

Author: Angelo Basile

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2016-01-26

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 1118739086

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The book examines the possibility of integrating different membrane unit operations (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and gas separation) in the same industrial cycle or in combination with conventional separation systems. It gives careful analysis of the technical aspects, and the possible fields of industrial development. The book reviews many original solutions in water desalination, agro-food productions and wastewater treatments, highlighting the advantages achievable in terms of product quality, compactness, rationalization and optimization of productive cycles, reduction of environmental impact and energy saving. Also included are examples of membrane reactors and their integration with a fuel cell; polymeric membranes in the integrated gasification combined cycle power plants; integrating a membrane reformer into a solar system; and potential application of membrane integrated systems in the fusion reactor fuel cycle. With detailed analysis and broad coverage, the book is divided into two sections: Bio-applications and Inorganic Applications.

Biofouling of Spiral Wound Membrane Systems
Biofouling of Spiral Wound Membrane Systems

Author: Johannes Simon Vrouwenvelder

Publisher: IWA Publishing

Published: 2011-03-15

Total Pages: 355

ISBN-13: 1843393638

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The study of membrane biofouling has increased strongly in the past four years, compared to the previous twenty two years, indicated by the more than doubling of the number of scientific papers. However, no single source gives an updated overview of biofouling. Biofouling of Spiral Wound Membrane Systems gives a complete and comprehensive overview of all aspects of biofouling, bridging the gap between microbiology, hydraulics and membrane technology. High quality drinking water can be produced with membrane filtration processes like reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF). As the global demand for fresh clean water is increasing, these membrane technologies are increasingly important. One of the most serious problems in RO/NF applications is biofouling – excessive growth of biomass – affecting the performance of the RO/NF systems. This can be due to the increase in pressure drop across membrane elements (feed-concentrate channel), the decrease in membrane permeability or the increase in salt passage. These phenomena result in the need to increase the feed pressure to maintain constant production and to clean the membrane elements chemically. Biofouling of Spiral Wound Membrane Systems relates biomass accumulation in spiral wound RO and NF membrane elements with membrane performance and hydrodynamics and determines parameters influencing biofouling. It focuses on the development of biomass in the feed-concentrate (feed-spacer) channel and its effect on pressure drop and flow distribution. It can be used to develop an integral strategy to control biofouling in spiral wound membrane systems. Most past and present methods to control biofouling have not been very successful. An overview of several potential complementary approaches to solve biofouling is given and an integrated approach for biofouling control is proposed.

Hybrid Membrane Systems for Water Purification
Hybrid Membrane Systems for Water Purification

Author: Rajindar Singh

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2006-02-08

Total Pages: 307

ISBN-13: 008045898X

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Membrane systems are finding increasing application worldwide in the purification of potable and industrial water, and their design and use is set to grow considerably in years to come. This comprehensive book is written in a practical style with emphasis on process description, key unit operations, plant equipment description, equipment installation, safety and maintenance, process control, plant start-up, operation and troubleshooting. It is supplemented by case studies and useful engineering rules-of-thumb. The author is a chemical engineer with many years experience in the field and his technical knowledge and practical know-how in the water purification industry are summarised succinctly in this volume.This book...* Will ensure your system design is fit for its purpose* Informs readers of which membranes to use; why, where and when* Will help readers to trouble-shoot and improve performance* Provides case studies help understanding through real-life situationsThis book...* Will ensure your system design is fit for its purpose* Informs readers of which membranes to use; why, where and when* Will help readers to trouble-shoot and improve performance* Provides case studies help understanding through real-life situations

Membrane Systems in the Food Production
Membrane Systems in the Food Production

Author: Alfredo Cassano

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2021-07-19

Total Pages: 219

ISBN-13: 3110712776

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The two-volume work presents applications of integrated membrane operations in agro-food productions with significant focus on product quality, recovery of high added-value compounds, reduction of energy consumption and environmental impact. Volume 1. Dairy, Wine and Oil Processing. Volume 2. Wellness Ingredients and Juice Processing.

Ion and Molecule Transport in Membrane Systems
Ion and Molecule Transport in Membrane Systems

Author: Victor Nikonenko

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2021-08-10

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 3036513590

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Membranes play an enormous role in our life. Biological cell membranes control the fluxes of substances in and out of cells. Artificial membranes are widely used in numerous applications including “green” separation processes in chemistry, agroindustry, biology, medicine; they are used as well in energy generation from renewable sources. They largely mimic the structure and functions of biological membranes. The similarity in the structure leads to the similarity in the properties and the approaches to study the laws governing the behavior of both biological and artificial membranes. In this book, some physico-chemical and chemico-physical aspects of the structure and behavior of biological and artificial membranes are investigated.

Controlling Biofouling in Seawater Reverse Osmosis Membrane Systems
Controlling Biofouling in Seawater Reverse Osmosis Membrane Systems

Author: Nirajan Dhakal

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-12-01

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 1351056093

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Seawater desalination is a rapidly growing coastal industry that is increasingly threatened by algal blooms. Depending on the severity of algal blooms, desalination systems may be forced to shut down because of clogging and/or poor feed water quality. To maintain stable operation and provide good feed water quality to seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) systems, ultrafiltration (UF) pre-treatment is proposed. This research focused on assessing the ability of UF and other pre-treatment technologies to reduce biofouling in SWRO systems. An improved method to measure bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) was developed and applied at laboratory, pilot and full scale to assess the ability of conventional UF (150 kDa) and tight UF (10 kDa) alone and in combination with a phosphate adsorbent to reduce regrowth potential and delay the onset of biofouling in SWRO. The improved bacterial regrowth potential method employs a natural consortium of marine bacteria as inoculum and flow cytometry. The limit of detection of the BRP method was lowered to 43,000 ± 12,000 cells/mL, which is equivalent to 9.3 ± 2.6 μg-Cglucose/L. The reduction in bacterial regrowth potential after tight UF (10 kDa) was 3 to 4 times higher than with conventional UF (150 kDa). It was further reduced after the application of a phosphate adsorbent, independent of pore size of the UF membrane. Pilot studies demonstrated that the application of tight UF (10 kDa) coupled with a phosphate adsorbent consistently lowered the bacterial regrowth potential and no feed channel pressure drop increase was observed in membrane fouling simulators (MFS) over a period of 21 days. The study also showed that non-backwashable fouling of UF membranes varied strongly with the type of algal species and the algal organic matter (AOM) they release. The presence of polysaccharide (stretching -OH) and sugar ester groups (stretching S=O) was the main cause of non-backwashable fouling. In conclusion, this study showed that an improved BRP method is suitable for the assessment of SWRO pre-treatment systems and it can be a useful tool to develop potential strategies to mitigate biofouling and improve the sustainability of SWRO systems.

Smart Membrane Materials and Systems
Smart Membrane Materials and Systems

Author: Liang-Yin Chu

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-10-13

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 3642181147

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“Smart Membrane Materials and Systems: From Flat Membranes to Microcapsule Membranes" comprehensively and systematically treats modern understanding of smart or intelligent membranes with environmental stimuli-responsive functions. The contents range from flat membranes to microcapsule membranes with various response properties, such as thermo-response, pH-response, glucose-response, molecular-recognition, and dual-/multi-stimuli-response. While chapters may be read as stand-alone, together they clearly describe cover design concepts, fabrication strategies and methods, microstructures and performances of smart membranes. Vivid schematics and illustrations throughout the book enhance accessibility to the theory and technologies. The book is intended for researchers and postgraduate students in membrane science and technology, separations and controlled-release. Dr. Liang-Yin Chu is a professor at the School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, China. He is a Distinguished Young Scholar of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and a Distinguished Professor of "Chang Jiang Scholars Program" of the Ministry of Education of China.