This book comprises the proceedings of the Second International School on Mechanical Spectroscopy; presented here as invited lectures (Part I) and contributed papers (Part II). After having originated merely as a technique for the study of internal friction, mechanical spectroscopy has developed strongly, during the past decade, into a tool which is now indispensable for making advances in the creation of new materials. This book will therefore provide an excellent reference source for every researcher working in the field.
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is a powerful technique for understanding the viscoelastic properties of materials. It has become a powerful tool for chemists, polymer and material scientists, and engineers. Despite this, it often remains underutilized in the modern laboratory. Because of its high sensitivity to the presence of the glass transition, many users limit it to detecting glass transitions that can’t be seen by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). This book presents a practical and straightforward approach to understanding how DMA works and what it measures. Starting with the concepts of stress and strain, the text takes the reader through stress–strain, creep, and thermomechanical analysis. DMA is discussed as both the instrument and fixtures as well as the techniques for measuring both thermoplastic and thermosetting behavior. This edition offers expanded chapters on these areas as well as frequency scanning and other application areas. To help the reader grasp the material, study questions have also been added. Endnotes have been expanded and updated. Features Reflects the latest DMA research and technical advances Includes case studies to demonstrate the use of DMA over a range of industrial problems Includes numerous references to help those with limited materials engineering background Demonstrates the power of DMA as a laboratory tool for analysis and testing
A concise textbook bridging quantum theory and spectroscopy! Designed as a practical text, Quantum Mechanical Foundations of Molecular Spectroscopy covers the quantum mechanical fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy from the view of a professional spectroscopist, rather than a theoretician. Written by a noted expert on the topic, the book puts the emphasis on the relationship between spectroscopy and quantum mechanics, and provides the background information and derivations of the subjects needed to understand spectroscopy including: stationary energy states, transitions between these states, selection rules, and symmetry. The phenomenal growth of all forms of spectroscopy over the past eight decades has contributed enormously to our understanding of molecular structure and properties. Today spectroscopy covers a broad field including the modern magnetic resonance techniques, non-linear, laser and fiber-based spectroscopy, surface and surface-enhanced spectroscopy, pico- and femtosecond time resolved spectroscopy, and many more. This up-to-date resource discusses several forms of spectroscopy that are used in many fields of science, such as fluorescence, surface spectroscopies, linear and non-linear Raman spectroscopy and spin spectroscopy. This important text: Contains the physics and mathematics needed to understand spectroscopy Explores spectroscopic methods the are widely used in chemistry, biophysics, biology, and materials science Offers a text written by an experienced lecturer and practitioner of spectroscopic methods Includes detailed explanations and worked examples Written for chemistry, biochemistry, material sciences, and physics students, Quantum Mechanical Foundations of Molecular Spectroscopy provides an accessible text for understanding molecular spectroscopy.
A description of both the theory and practice of physical measurements that use high-sensitivity moiré - principally moiré interferometry. The focus here is on the mechanics and micromechanics of materials and structural elements and the book includes new studies published for the first time. Diverse fields are addressed: advanced composite materials, thermal stresses, electronic packaging, fracture, metallurgy, time-dependence, strain gage calibration. All the methods can be applied for whole-field measurements on nearly and solid bodies. This reader-friendly book will serve engineers and scientists who are concerned with measurements of real phenomena, while also stimulating students to pursue the treasures of experimental analysis.
Dynamic Response of Linear Mechanical Systems: Modeling, Analysis and Simulation can be utilized for a variety of courses, including junior and senior-level vibration and linear mechanical analysis courses. The author connects, by means of a rigorous, yet intuitive approach, the theory of vibration with the more general theory of systems. The book features: A seven-step modeling technique that helps structure the rather unstructured process of mechanical-system modeling A system-theoretic approach to deriving the time response of the linear mathematical models of mechanical systems The modal analysis and the time response of two-degree-of-freedom systems—the first step on the long way to the more elaborate study of multi-degree-of-freedom systems—using the Mohr circle Simple, yet powerful simulation algorithms that exploit the linearity of the system for both single- and multi-degree-of-freedom systems Examples and exercises that rely on modern computational toolboxes for both numerical and symbolic computations as well as a Solutions Manual for instructors, with complete solutions of a sample of end-of-chapter exercises Chapters 3 and 7, on simulation, include in each “Exercises” section a set of miniprojects that require code-writing to implement the algorithms developed in these chapters
Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design: Analysis, Prediction, Prevention, 2nd Edition, covers the basic principles of failure of metallic and non-metallic materials in mechanical design applications. Updated to include new developments on fracture mechanics, including both linear-elastic and elastic-plastic mechanics. Contains new material on strain and crack development and behavior. Emphasizes the potential for mechanical failure brought about by the stresses, strains and energy transfers in machine parts that result from the forces, deflections and energy inputs applied.
Mechanical Vibration and Shock Analysis, Second Edition Volume 1: Sinusoidal Vibration The relative and absolute response of a mechanical system with a single degree of freedom is considered for arbitrary excitation, and its transfer function defined in various forms. The characteristics of sinusoidal vibration are examined in the context both of the real world and of laboratory tests, and for both transient and steady state response of the single-degree-of-freedom system. Viscous damping and then nonlinear damping are considered. The various types of swept sine perturbations and their properties are described and, for the one-degree-of-freedom system, the consequence of an inappropriate choice of sweep rate are considered. From the latter, rules governing the choice of suitable sweep rates are developed. The Mechanical Vibration and Shock Analysis five-volume series has been written with both the professional engineer and the academic in mind. Christian Lalanne explores every aspect of vibration and shock, two fundamental and extremely significant areas of mechanical engineering, from both a theoretical and practical point of view. The five volumes cover all the necessary issues in this area of mechanical engineering. The theoretical analyses are placed in the context of both the real world and the laboratory, which is essential for the development of specifications.
This eighth volume of eight from the IMAC - XXXII Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Structural Dynamics, including papers on: Linear Systems Substructure Modelling Adaptive Structures Experimental Techniques Analytical Methods Damage Detection Damping of Materials & Members Modal Parameter Identification Modal Testing Methods System Identification Active Control Modal Parameter Estimation Processing Modal Data
This text is aimed at people who have some familiarity with high-resolution NMR and who wish to deepen their understanding of how NMR experiments actually ‘work’. This revised and updated edition takes the same approach as the highly-acclaimed first edition. The text concentrates on the description of commonly-used experiments and explains in detail the theory behind how such experiments work. The quantum mechanical tools needed to analyse pulse sequences are introduced set by step, but the approach is relatively informal with the emphasis on obtaining a good understanding of how the experiments actually work. The use of two-colour printing and a new larger format improves the readability of the text. In addition, a number of new topics have been introduced: How product operators can be extended to describe experiments in AX2 and AX3 spin systems, thus making it possible to discuss the important APT, INEPT and DEPT experiments often used in carbon-13 NMR. Spin system analysis i.e. how shifts and couplings can be extracted from strongly-coupled (second-order) spectra. How the presence of chemically equivalent spins leads to spectral features which are somewhat unusual and possibly misleading, even at high magnetic fields. A discussion of chemical exchange effects has been introduced in order to help with the explanation of transverse relaxation. The double-quantum spectroscopy of a three-spin system is now considered in more detail. Reviews of the First Edition “For anyone wishing to know what really goes on in their NMR experiments, I would highly recommend this book” – Chemistry World “...I warmly recommend for budding NMR spectroscopists, or others who wish to deepen their understanding of elementary NMR theory or theoretical tools” – Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry
