Mathematics at the Meridian
Mathematics at the Meridian

Author: Raymond Flood

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-11-03

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 9780367362720

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Greenwich has been a centre for scientific computing since the foundation of the Royal Observatory in 1675. Early Astronomers Royal gathered astronomical data with the purpose of enabling navigators to compute their longitude at sea. Nevil Maskelyne in the 18th century organised the work of computing tables for the Nautical Almanac, anticipating later methods used in safety-critical computing systems. The 19th century saw influential critiques of Charles Babbage's mechanical calculating engines, and in the 20th century Leslie Comrie and others pioneered the automation of computation. The arrival of the Royal Naval College in 1873 and the University of Greenwich in 1999 has brought more mathematicians and different kinds of mathematics to Greenwich. In the 21st century computational mathematics has found many new applications. This book presents an account of the mathematicians who worked at Greenwich and their achievements. Features A scholarly but accessible history of mathematics at Greenwich, from the seventeenth century to the present day, with each chapter written by an expert in the field The book will appeal to astronomical and naval historians as well as historians of mathematics and scientific computing.

Modern Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces with Mathematica
Modern Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces with Mathematica

Author: Elsa Abbena

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-09-06

Total Pages: 1024

ISBN-13: 1351992201

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Presenting theory while using Mathematica in a complementary way, Modern Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces with Mathematica, the third edition of Alfred Gray’s famous textbook, covers how to define and compute standard geometric functions using Mathematica for constructing new curves and surfaces from existing ones. Since Gray’s death, authors Abbena and Salamon have stepped in to bring the book up to date. While maintaining Gray's intuitive approach, they reorganized the material to provide a clearer division between the text and the Mathematica code and added a Mathematica notebook as an appendix to each chapter. They also address important new topics, such as quaternions. The approach of this book is at times more computational than is usual for a book on the subject. For example, Brioshi’s formula for the Gaussian curvature in terms of the first fundamental form can be too complicated for use in hand calculations, but Mathematica handles it easily, either through computations or through graphing curvature. Another part of Mathematica that can be used effectively in differential geometry is its special function library, where nonstandard spaces of constant curvature can be defined in terms of elliptic functions and then plotted. Using the techniques described in this book, readers will understand concepts geometrically, plotting curves and surfaces on a monitor and then printing them. Containing more than 300 illustrations, the book demonstrates how to use Mathematica to plot many interesting curves and surfaces. Including as many topics of the classical differential geometry and surfaces as possible, it highlights important theorems with many examples. It includes 300 miniprograms for computing and plotting various geometric objects, alleviating the drudgery of computing things such as the curvature and torsion of a curve in space.

The Mathematics of the Calendar
The Mathematics of the Calendar

Author: Marc Cohn

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2007-07-29

Total Pages: 221

ISBN-13: 1430324961

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This book will explain the mathematical details behind the Jewish calendar and Easter calculation with a mathematical proposal to fix the Jewish Calendar from an actuary.In addition, we will explore the mathematics behind the Mayan calendar, Islamic calendar, and our everyday calendar, the Gregorian calendar. First, I will demonstrate how the Jewish calendar works, and how to convert dates between the Jewish calendar to the Gregorian/Julian calendar. I will then explain the Easter calculation and demonstrate how to use the methods from the Easter calculation to fix the Jewish calendar so that the Jewish calendar stays consistent with the solar cycle. In 1582, there were two competing proposals to reform the Julian calendar. I will explain the mathematics behind the two proposals. I will explain the proposal that placed Washington, DC on the 77th meridian.

Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint
Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint

Author: Felix Klein

Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.

Published: 2009-01-01

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 1605209317

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When the mathematician Felix Klein first went to university, he was surprised at just how little what he had learned up to that point was relevant to his new studies. Professors had their own interests, and these they conveyed without regard for the math students of the future that these prospective secondary schoolteachers would one day instruct. Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint was written to help remedy that problem. Though highly regarded as one of the finest mathematical minds of his day, Professor Klein took a great deal of interest in guiding teachers and "reducing the gap between the school and the university." Readers will come away impressed at the clarity of Klein's writing, and the ease with which he conveys complex mathematical ideas. Divided into three parts-arithmetic, algebra, and analysis-and covering such topics as complex numbers, real equations, and logarithmic and exponential functions, Klein's classic is essential reading for math instructors and students planning to become math instructors. German mathematician FELIX KLEIN (1849-1925), a great teacher and scientific thinker, significantly advanced the field of mathematical physics and made a number of profound discoveries in the field of geometry. His published works include Elementary Mathematics from an Advanced Standpoint: Geometry and Famous Problems of Elementary Geometry.

The Knot Book
The Knot Book

Author: Colin Conrad Adams

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 0821836781

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Knots are familiar objects. Yet the mathematical theory of knots quickly leads to deep results in topology and geometry. This work offers an introduction to this theory, starting with our understanding of knots. It presents the applications of knot theory to modern chemistry, biology and physics.

Seventeenth Century Practical Mathematics
Seventeenth Century Practical Mathematics

Author: Paul Hughes

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-09-28

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 1000457680

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This exciting Greenvill Collins biography is about seventeenth century navigation, focusing for the first time on mathematics practised at sea. This monograph argues the Restoration kings’, Charles II and James II, promotion of cartography for both strategy and trade. It is aimed at the academic, cartographic and larger market of marine enthusiasts. Through shipwreck and Arctic marooning, and Dutch and Spanish charts, Collins evolved a Prime Meridian running through Charles’s capital. After John Ogilby’s successful Britannia, Charles set Collins surveying his kingdom’s coasts, and James set John Adair surveying in Scotland. They triangulated at sea. Subsequently, Collins persuaded James to sustain his dead brother’s ambition. This, the British coast’s first survey took six years. After James’s flight, and William III’s invasion, Collins lead the royal yacht squadron for six years more, garnering funds to publish Great Britain’s Coasting Pilot. The Admiralty and civic institutions subsidised what became his own pilot. Collins aided Royal Society members in their investigations, and his new guide remained vital to navigators through the century following. Charles’s cartographic promotion bloomed the most spectacularly in the atlases of Ogilby, Collins and John Flamsteed for roads, harbours, and stars.

Teaching Mathematics Using Interactive Mapping
Teaching Mathematics Using Interactive Mapping

Author: Sandra L. Arlinghaus

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2023-12-11

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 1003804225

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Teaching Mathematics Using Interactive Mapping offers novel ways to learn basic math topics such as simple relational measures or measuring hierarchies through customized interactive mapping activities. These activities focus on interactive web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) and are relevant to today’s problems and challenges. Written in a guided, hands-on, understandable manner, all activities are designed to build practical and problem-solving skills that rest on mathematical principles and move students from thinking about maps as references that focus solely on "where is" something, to analytical tools, focusing primarily on the "whys of where." Success with this transition through interaction permits most readers to master mathematical concepts and GIS tools. FEATURES Offers custom-designed geographical activities to fit with specific mathematical topics Helps students become comfortable using mathematics in a variety of professions Provides an innovative, engaging, and practical set of activities to ease readers through typically difficult, often elementary, mathematical topics: fractions, the distributive law, and much more Uses web-based GIS maps, apps, and other tools and data that can be accessed on any device, anywhere, at any time, requiring no prior GIS background Written by experienced teachers and researchers with lifelong experience in teaching mathematics, geography, and spatial analysis This textbook applies to undergraduate and graduate students in universities and community colleges including those in basic mathematics courses, as well as upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in geographic information systems, remote sensing, photogrammetry, geography, geodesy, information science, engineering, and geology. Professionals interested in learning techniques and technologies for collecting, analyzing, managing, processing, and visualizing geospatial datasets will also benefit from this book as they refresh their knowledge in mathematics.