Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Inversion Forecast Model
Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Inversion Forecast Model

Author: David Almy Brower

Publisher:

Published: 1982

Total Pages: 137

ISBN-13:

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A computer code for prediction of the marine atmospheric boundary layer is developed. The code is used to predict changes of the capping inversion height, the strength of the specific humidity and potential temperature 'jumps' at the inversion, the well-mixed relative humidity in the layer and the lifting condensation level for possible cloud/fog formation. The code is based on recently formulated integrated models for the clear or cloudy marine. Planetary boundary layer capped by an inversion. The initialization is based on radiosonde data and, as such, the code was developed to be used with the Integrated Refractive Effects Prediction System (IREPS) assessment Code. It has been extended to be used with any single platform having atmospheric sensing capabilities, radiosonde or dropsonde. IREPS and hence the MABL prediction code are under consideration for inclusion in Tactical Environmental Support System (TESS). (Author).

Single-station Assessments of the Synoptic-scale Forcing on the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Single-station Assessments of the Synoptic-scale Forcing on the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Author: John Patrick Gleason

Publisher:

Published: 1982

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13:

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Knowledge of the large-scale vertical velocity is required to predict the evolution of the atmospheric planetary boundary layer (APBL). Since naval operations are often conducted in data sparse regions, single-station assessments of the vertical velocity are necessary. Data to evaluate such assessments were obtained from rawinsondes taken at San Nicolas Island, California. Vertical velocity estimates obtained by vertical integration of the moisture budget equation (Q-method) and by the adiabatic method were used to initialize an APBL 24-hour prediction model. RMS error statistics on predicted inversion height, potential temperature, and specific humidity were computed for the forecasts and compared to the RMS errors of a persistence forecast. Calculation of the vertical velocity by the Q-method showed the most promise. However, no single-station assessment method improved on the persistence forecasts. (Author).

Development of a Microcomputer Coupled Atmospheric and Oceanic Boundary Layer Prediction Model
Development of a Microcomputer Coupled Atmospheric and Oceanic Boundary Layer Prediction Model

Author: Gary Lee Tarbet

Publisher:

Published: 1983

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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A coupled Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) and Oceanic Boundary Layer (OBL) model is developed using the Naval Postgraduate School and Garwood models respectively. All coding is done on the Hewlett-Packard 9845 microcomputer with emphasis on ease of use. The model is used to explore cases when feedback between the boundary layers significantly influences model forecasts. The sensitivity of the model to slight input variations is explored. Light wind situations where stratus or fog formation is extremely difficult to predict is investigated. Cases covered include variations in mixed layer depth and wind speed which produces significantly different forecasts from the initial input. (Author).

The Atmospheric Boundary Layer
The Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Author: J. R. Garratt

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1994-04-21

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 9780521467452

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The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.

Practical Meteorology
Practical Meteorology

Author: Roland Stull

Publisher: Sundog Publishing, LLC

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 942

ISBN-13: 9780888652836

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A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.

Marine Fog: Challenges and Advancements in Observations, Modeling, and Forecasting
Marine Fog: Challenges and Advancements in Observations, Modeling, and Forecasting

Author: Darko Koračin

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-01-28

Total Pages: 540

ISBN-13: 3319452290

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This volume presents the history of marine fog research and applications, and discusses the physical processes leading to fog's formation, evolution, and dissipation. A special emphasis is on the challenges and advancements of fog observation and modeling as well as on efforts toward operational fog forecasting and linkages and feedbacks between marine fog and the environment.

Investigating Marine Boundary Layer Parameterizations by Combining Observations with Models Via State Estimation
Investigating Marine Boundary Layer Parameterizations by Combining Observations with Models Via State Estimation

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 50

ISBN-13:

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In this project we have improved numerical weather prediction analyses and forecasts of low level winds in the marine boundary layer. This has been accomplished with the following tools; The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Weather and Research Forecasting model, WRF, both in his single column (SCM) and three-dimensional (3D) versions; The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Wave Watch III (WWIII); SE algorithms from the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART, Anderson et al. 2009); and Observations of key quantities of the lower MBL, including temperature and winds at multiple levels above the sea surface. The experiments with the WRF SCM / DART system have lead to large improvements with respect to a standard WRF configuration, which is currently commonly used by the wind energy industry. The single column model appears to be a tool particularly suitable for off-shore wind energy applications given its accuracy, the ability to quantify uncertainty, and the minimal computational resource requirements. In situations where the impact of an upwind wind park may be of interest in a downwind location, a 3D approach may be more suitable. We have demonstrated that with the WRF 3D / DART system the accuracy of wind predictions (and other meteorological parameters) can be improved over a 3D computational domain, and not only at specific locations. All the scripting systems developed in this project (i.e., to run WRF SCM / DART, WRF 3D / DART, and the coupling between WRF and WWIII) and the several modifications and upgrades made to the WRF SCM model will be shared with the broader community.

Physics of the Marine Atmosphere
Physics of the Marine Atmosphere

Author: H. U. Roll

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2016-06-03

Total Pages: 435

ISBN-13: 1483222543

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International Geophysics Series, Volume 7: Physics of the Marine Atmosphere discusses the influence exerted by the sea surface on the properties of the atmosphere as well as on atmospheric processes of small and medium scale. This book is composed of six chapters that specifically consider the exchange occurring in the boundary layer between ocean and atmosphere. The opening chapters deal with the particular difficulties inherent in meteorological measurements at sea. The remaining chapters describe the flow characteristics, thermodynamics, chemistry, electricity, and radioactivity of the marine atmosphere. Emphasis is placed on the physical approach rather than on geographical aspects and those of application. A discussion of the empirical facts is followed by theoretical interpretation. Geophysicists, theoreticians, and scientists of the allied fields will find this book invaluable.

Improving the Scientific Foundation for Atmosphere-Land-Ocean Simulations
Improving the Scientific Foundation for Atmosphere-Land-Ocean Simulations

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2005-05-12

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13: 030909609X

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The National Academies' Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (BASC) held a workshop to explore and evaluate current efforts to model physical processes of coupled atmosphere-land-ocean (A-L-O) models. Numerical models of the atmosphere and ocean are central to weather prediction, research, and education. Although great strides have been made over the past few decades in understanding the atmosphere and ocean, modeling capabilities, and numerical A-L-O simulations, some unresolved processes in the models do not adequately represent knowledge of the underlying physics. Moreover, there is evidence that further progress in numerical simulations is being impeded by the slow pace of improvement in the representation of key physical processes in the models and the fact that geophysical flow models are not receiving the attention needed to make these tools more useful and accurate. These models often are used to predict future events, so it is imperative that their underlying physical processes be represented as robustly as possible. During the workshop, the parameterization of physical processes in A-L-O models was addressed, including associated errors, testing, and efforts to improve the use of parameterizations. Participants also examined intellectual and scientific challenges in modeling and highlighted the idea that some of the key impediments to progress in representing physical processes are primarily cultural in nature.