Management of Nutrients on Agricultural Land for Improved Water Quality
Author: New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Department of Agronomy
Publisher:
Published: 1972
Total Pages: 178
ISBN-13:
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Clean Coastal Waters
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2000-08-17
Total Pages: 422
ISBN-13: 0309069483
DOWNLOAD EBOOKEnvironmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
Land Use and Water Quality
Author: Brian Kronvang
Publisher: MDPI
Published: 2020-11-18
Total Pages: 248
ISBN-13: 3039435035
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis collection of 11 papers introduces broad topics covering various professional disciplines related to the research arena of land use and water quality. The papers exemplify the important links between agriculture and water quality in surface and ground waters as well as the pollution problems around urban areas. Advancement of new technologies for analyzing links between land use and water quality problems as well as insights into new tools for analyzing large monitoring datasets are highlighted in this collection of papers.
Nutrients in the Nation's Waters
Author: David K. Mueller
Publisher:
Published: 1996
Total Pages: 32
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNutrients in water are necessary for productive aquatic ecosystems, but in high concentrations, nutrients such as nitrates, ammonia, and phosphates can adversely affect aquatic life and human health.
Soil and Water Quality
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 1993-02-01
Total Pages: 541
ISBN-13: 0309049334
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHow can the United States meet demands for agricultural production while solving the broader range of environmental problems attributed to farming practices? National policymakers who try to answer this question confront difficult trade-offs. This book offers four specific strategies that can serve as the basis for a national policy to protect soil and water quality while maintaining U.S. agricultural productivity and competitiveness. Timely and comprehensive, the volume has important implications for the Clean Air Act and the 1995 farm bill. Advocating a systems approach, the committee recommends specific farm practices and new approaches to prevention of soil degradation and water pollution for environmental agencies. The volume details methods of evaluating soil management systems and offers a wealth of information on improved management of nitrogen, phosphorus, manure, pesticides, sediments, salt, and trace elements. Landscape analysis of nonpoint source pollution is also detailed. Drawing together research findings, survey results, and case examples, the volume will be of interest to federal, state, and local policymakers; state and local environmental and agricultural officials and other environmental and agricultural specialists; scientists involved in soil and water issues; researchers; and agricultural producers.
Understanding the Influence of Nutrients on Stream Ecosystems in Agricultural Landscapes
Author: Mark D. Munn
Publisher: United States Department of the Interior
Published: 2018
Total Pages: 92
ISBN-13: 9781411341838
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Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2020-12-04
Total Pages: 423
ISBN-13: 0309679702
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNew York City's municipal water supply system provides about 1 billion gallons of drinking water a day to over 8.5 million people in New York City and about 1 million people living in nearby Westchester, Putnam, Ulster, and Orange counties. The combined water supply system includes 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. The city's Watershed Protection Program is intended to maintain and enhance the high quality of these surface water sources. Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program assesses the efficacy and future of New York City's watershed management activities. The report identifies program areas that may require future change or action, including continued efforts to address turbidity and responding to changes in reservoir water quality as a result of climate change.
Nutrient Control Actions for Improving Water Quality in the Mississippi River Basin and Northern Gulf of Mexico
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2009-08-13
Total Pages: 90
ISBN-13: 030913000X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA large area of coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico experiences seasonal conditions of low levels of dissolved oxygen, a condition known as hypoxia. Excess discharge of nutrients into the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers causes nutrient overenrichment in the gulf's coastal waters and stimulates the growth of large algae blooms. When these algae die, the process of decomposition depletes dissolved oxygen from the water column and creates hypoxic conditions. In considering how to implement provisions of the Clean Water Act to strengthen nutrient reduction objectives across the Mississippi River basin, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requested advice from the National Research Council. This book represents the results of the committee's investigations and deliberations, and recommends that the EPA and U.S. Department of Agriculture should jointly establish a Nutrient Control Implementation Initiative to learn more about the effectiveness of actions meant to improve water quality throughout the Mississippi River basin and into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Other recommendations include how to move forward on the larger process of allocating nutrient loading caps-which entails delegating responsibilities for reducing nutrient pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus-across the basin.
Manure Use for Fertilizer and for Energy
Author: James M. MacDonald
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Published: 2010
Total Pages: 53
ISBN-13: 1437921434
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAbout 5% of all U.S. cropland is currently fertilized with livestock manure. Expanded environmental regulation through nutrient management plans will likely lead to wider use of manure on cropland, at higher production costs, but with only modest impacts on commodity demand, or farm structure. While current use is limited, expanded gov¿t. support could lead to a substantial increase in manure use as a feedstock. However, current energy processes are unlikely to compete with fertilizer uses of manure, because they leave fertilizer nutrients as residues, in more marketable form, and because manure-to-energy projects will be most profitable in regions where raw manure is in excess supply, with the least value as fertilizer. Charts and tables.
Management of Nutrients on Agricultural Land for Improved Water Quality
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1972
Total Pages: 151
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA rainfall simulator was utilized to determine the effects of 2-, 10-, and 20-year storm frequencies on losses of water, soil and nutrients from plots subjected to different crop rotations, fertilizer schemes and manure applications. Crop rotations, rates of fertilizer and manure were compared. Simulations were made on freshly tilled soil. Comparative erosion losses were as follows: continuous sod - corn - alfalfa rotations continuous corn. Fertilizer alone tended to increase runoff, but this effect was overcome when fertilizer was used with manure. Continuous recording of surface and subsurface flow and subsequent losses of nutrients to the environment was conducted on larger plots. Rate and time of fertilization determined the plant nutrients lost. Returning crop residues to the soil improved water infiltration, increasing deep seepage losses. Phosphorous inputs into cultural media as it related to algal growth was studied. Sustained concentration determined the biomass of phosphorous.
