This unique authoritative resource provides detailed descriptions of the management of diseases caused by insects and by plant-parasitic nematodes. It includes in-depth examinations of arthropod microbial control agents, the biology and control of bacteria, living and synthetic mulches, and the genetic transformation of microbial control agents. It also discusses the use of nematophagus fungi as a control agent, biofumigation, potato early dying complex, host/plant resistance, and RNAi silencing. In addition, experts examine the use of genetically manipulated microbes and provide a comprehensive exploration of the biology and control of vectors.
The second volume of the IMPD series describes aspects related to the most important phytoparasitic nematodes, considering the integration of biological control methods with other management practices and technologies, including the use of predatory nematodes and microbial rhizosphere antagonists. A focus is given on regional issues. A review on nematode management in cotton is integrated by a chapter on management of nematodes on wheat. New technologies are also revised.
This edited book provides knowledge about hemicelluloses biorefinery approaching production life cycle, circular economy, and valorization by obtaining value-added bioproducts and bioenergy. A special focus is dedicated to chemical and biochemical compounds produced from the hemicelluloses derivatives platform. Hemicelluloses are polysaccharides located into plant cell wall, with diverse chemical structures and properties. It is the second most spread organic polymer on nature and found in vast lignocellulosic materials from agro and industrial wastes, therefore, hemicelluloses are considered as abundant and renewable raw material/feedstock. Biorefinery concept contributes to hemicelluloses production associated with biomass industrial processes. Hemicelluloses are alternative sources of sugars for renewable fuels and as platform for chemicals production. This book reviews chemical processes for sugar production and degradation, obtaining of intermediate and final products, and challenges for pentose fermentation. Aspects of hemicelluloses chain chemical and enzymatic modifications are presented with focus on physicochemical properties improvement for bioplastic and biomaterial approaches. Hemicelluloses are presented as sources for advanced materials in biomedical and pharmaceutical uses, and as hydrogel for chemical and medicine deliveries. An interdisciplinary approach is needed to cover all the processes involving hemicelluloses, its conversion into final and intermediate value-added compounds, and bioenergy production. Covering this context, this book is of interest to teachers, students, researchers, and scientists dedicated to biomass valorization. This book is a knowledge source of basic aspects to advanced processing and application for graduate students, particularly. Besides, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate students (from different courses) with a deep interest in biomass and waste conversion, valorization, and chemical products from hemicelluloses.
Plant-parasitic nematodes are recognized as one of the greatest threats to crop production throughout the world. Estimated annual crop losses of $8 billion in the United States and $78 billion worldwide are attributed to plant parasitic nematodes. Plant parasitic nematodes not only cause damage individually but form disease-complexes with other microorganisms thereby increasing crop loss. Nematode diseases of crops are difficult to control because of their insidious nature and lack of specific diagnostic symptoms which closely resemble those caused by other plant pathogens and abiotic diseases. Future developments of sustainable management systems for preventing major economical agricultural losses due to nematodes is focused on strategies that limit production costs, enhance crop yields, and protect the environment. This book presents a first compendium and overview for nematode problems and their management across North America. Each chapter provides essential information on the occurrence and distribution of plant parasitic nematodes, their major crop hosts, impact on crop production and sustainable management strategies for each region of the continent including, Canada, Mexico and all states of the USA. For each region, a thematic overview of changes in crop production affected by plant parasitic nematodes and their management strategies over time will provide invaluable information on the important role of plant parasitic nematodes in sustainable agriculture.
Plant-parasitic nematodes are recognized as one of the greatest threats to crop production throughout the world. Estimated annual crop losses of $8 billion in the United States and $78 billion worldwide are attributed to plant parasitic nematodes. Plant parasitic nematodes not only cause damage individually but form disease-complexes with other microorganisms thereby increasing crop loss. Nematode diseases of crops are difficult to control because of their insidious nature and lack of specific diagnostic symptoms which closely resemble those caused by other plant pathogens and abiotic diseases. Future developments of sustainable management systems for preventing major economical agricultural losses due to nematodes is focused on strategies that limit production costs, enhance crop yields, and protect the environment. This book presents a first compendium and overview for nematode problems and their management across North America. Each chapter provides essential information on the occurrence and distribution of plant parasitic nematodes, their major crop hosts, impact on crop production and sustainable management strategies for each region of the continent including, Canada, Mexico and all states of the USA. For each region, a thematic overview of changes in crop production affected by plant parasitic nematodes and their management strategies over time will provide invaluable information on the important role of plant parasitic nematodes in sustainable agriculture.
p. ills. (partly col.). maps. 25 cm. Description : Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the least understood agricultural pest problems throughout the world. Science of Plant Nematology has grown rapidly is the last three decades. There is a wide gap between the vast information generated for nematode control and that, which is actually utilised.The present book ``Advances in Nematology'' provides an authoritative review account of many aspects of current interest and progress in the field of Plant Nematology that has been made in the recent past. This book includes 21 articles by eminent nematologist on different aspects of the subject. Information on application of molecular biology in nematology, nematodes as biological model, race status in plant parasitic nematodes and nematode vectors of plant diseases have been reviewed covering all major aspects. Nematode diseases on wheat, rice, tobacco, mint, barley and horticultural crops and their management, specially in context to Indian scenario have been covered. Newer approaches for the management of plant parasitic nematodes including use of VAM fungi, biocontrol agents and integrated nematode management strategies have been included to project out their use on field scale. Articles on role of nematodes in disease complexes with fungi, genetic studies on the resistance of barley, breeding for nematode resistance in forage legumes and nematode pests of economically important crops in India and their managements have been added to the value of the book.Scholars and students of Nematology, researchers and extension workers and plant pathologist will find this book very useful.CONTENTS 1. Application of Molecular Biology in Nemotology A.K. Ganguly and Umarao 2. Nematology as Biologcial model R.K. Walia 3. Race Status in Plant Parasitic Nematodes R.K. Walia & S.K. Mehta 4. Nematode Vectors of Plant Diseases and its Perspectives B.K. Goswami, Archana, Mittal and S.B. Sharma 5. Plant Parasitic Nematodes Management Opportunities and Challengers K. Sitaramaiah and P. Harinath Naidu 6. Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae) in Rajasthan G.L. Sharma and S.P. Bishnoi 7. Status of Root knot and Cyst Nematodes affecting Rice and their Management M.S. Panwar, J.S. Prasad and Y.S. Rao 8. `White Tip' Caused by Aphelenchoides Besseyi an important Seed Borne Disease of Rice S.P. Tiwari and M.N. Khare 9. UFRA : A Menace to Deepwater Rice M. Farooque Rahman 10. Nematode Management in Tobacco Nursery R. Patel 11. Interrelationship between Rotylenchulus reniformis and other Plant Pathogens Indira Vadhera, B.N. Shukla and J. Bhatt 12. Role of Nematodes in Disease complexes with Fungi and their Biomanagement B.K. Goswami 13. Mint Nematology : Current Status and Future Needs Rakesh Pandey 14. Prospects of Mycorrhizae as Potential Nematode Antagonist K.C. Mohanty and N.K. Sahoo 15. Mutualistic Endophytes as Bicontrol Agensts against Nematode and Insect Pests J.S. Prasad, G. Katti and I.C. Pasalu 16. Nematode Bio control : A Review on Paecilomyces lilacinus M. Arif, Ghazala Parveen & M. Mashkoor Alam 17. Genetic Studies on the Resistance of Barley to Cereal Cyst. Nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) In Rajasthan S.P. Bishnoi, B.D. Yadav & S.M. Bhatnagar 18. Reeding for Nematode Resistance in Forage Legumes Current Status and Future Prospects N. Hasan 19. Major Nematode Pests of Economically Important Crops in Indian and their Management R.V. Singh, S.K. Midha and Vinod Kumar 20. Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Horticultural Crops and Current Trends in their Management in India M. Nagesh and Parvatha Reddy
The editors of this book, who are world renown for their creativity with entomopathogenic nematodes, have assembled the foremost authorities from four continents to contribute on basic and applied concepts. The authors have taken advantage of this opportunity to express their views to a wide scientific audience. They have combined their international experience so that the latest developments in this fascinating and rapidly expanding field are present in comprehensive manner with diverse topics ranging from biological control theory to organismal and molecular biology.
This book discusses nematodes for biological of insects. The book includes the following chapters; classification of nematode, key to entomogenous nematodes, nematode groups, microorganisms associated with entomogenous nematodes, immunity to entomogenous nematodes, natural enemies of entomogenous nematodes, environmental impact of entomogenous nematodes, and future prospects.
Nonpesticidal control of vector-borne diseases. Chemotherapy of plant viruses and virus diseases. Control of whitefly vectors of viruses by color mulches. Chemical control of nematode vectors. Use of oil sprays and reflective surfaces for control of insect-transmitted plant viruses. Controlling seed and insect-borne viruses. The host as a vector: exclusion as a control. Plant quarantine problems in preventing the entry into the United States of vector-borne plant pathogens. Nature of inherited nematode resistance in plants. Aphid probing and feeding, electronic monitoring, and plant breeding. The ESS of an aphid pathosystem. Control of vector-borne mycoplasmas.
Author: International Organization for Biological Control of Noxious Animals and Plants. West Palaearctic Regional Section. Working Group "Insect Pathogens and Insect Parasitic Nematodes."
