The proceedings of a symposium held in Berlin in March 1996, drawing together practical expertise in measurement techniques, with typical applications ranging from in situ measurements of strain and rotation on small specimens through notched specimens and single crystal up to turbine blade shaped samples and full scale component testing. The symposium also highlighted new techniques such as speckle interferometry and image analysis.
The proceedings of a symposium held in Berlin in March 1996, drawing together practical expertise in measurement techniques, with typical applications ranging from in situ measurements of strain and rotation on small specimens through notched specimens and single crystal up to turbine blade shaped samples and full scale component testing. The symposium also highlighted new techniques such as speckle interferometry and image analysis.
An experimental study was conducted to determine local strain, local strain rate, and temperature distribution within an adiabatic shear band during its formation. Thin-walled tubular specimens were deformed at dynamic rates in a torsional Kolsky bar (torsional split-Hopkinson bar) and direct observation of the strain localization process was made through ultra high-speed photography of a grid pattern deposited on the specimen's surface. Temperature measurements were effected using an array of sixteen infrared radiation detectors. The optical system employed allows each detector to focus on a band 17 micrometers wide. Three different steels were tested: (1) an AISI 1018 cold rolled steel, (2) a low alloy structural steel (HY-100), and (3) an AISI 4340 VAR steel tempered to either of two hardnesses, HRC 44 or 55. The principal goal of the investigation was to relate initial geometric defects in specimen geometry to the timing of stress collapse during shear band development. A comparison of experimental results with predictions based on the analysis of Molinari and Clifton showed good agreement. In addition, quasi-static tests on the same materials revealed two significant differences between dynamic and quasi-static plastic deformation. First, localization of strain into a shear band occurs in dynamic deformation, but never quasi-statically, and second, the magnitude of the strain fracture is always considerably greater in quasi-static deformation than dynamically. (kt).
This two-volume set discusses the importance of linking the decision making concept to damage identification and structural modeling. It examines the process of addressing and maintaining structural health, including measurements, structural identification, and damage identification and discusses the theoretical and practical issues involved for each aspect. Emphasizing state-of-the-art practice as well as future directions, this text also features numerous practical case studies and covers the latest techniques in sensing and sensor utilization.
Handbook of Optical Sensors provides a comprehensive and integrated view of optical sensors, addressing the fundamentals, structures, technologies, applications, and future perspectives. Featuring chapters authored by recognized experts and major contributors to the field, this essential reference: Explains the basic aspects of optical sensors and the principles of optical metrology, presenting a brief historical review Explores the role of optical waveguides in sensing and discusses sensor technologies based on intensity and phase modulation, fluorescence, and plasmonic waves Describes wavefront sensing, multiphoton microscopy, and imaging based on optical coherence tomography Covers optical fiber sensing, from light guiding in standard and microstructured optical fibers to sensor multiplexing, distributed sensing, and fiber Bragg grating Offers a broad perspective of the field and identifies trends that could shape the future, such as metamaterials and entangled quantum states of light Handbook of Optical Sensors is an ideal resource for practitioners and those seeking optical solutions for their specific needs, as well as for students and investigators who are the intellectual driving force of optical sensing.
Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability contains the lectures and papers presented at The Sixth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2012), held in Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy, 8-12 July, 2012. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts (800 pp) Extensive collection of revised expert papers on recent advances in bridge maintenance, safety, management and life-cycle performance, representing a major contribution to the knowledge base of all areas of the field.