Promoting Physical Activity and Active Living in Urban Environments
Promoting Physical Activity and Active Living in Urban Environments

Author: Peggy Edwards

Publisher: WHO Regional Office Europe

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 67

ISBN-13: 9289021810

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People's participation in physical activity is influenced by the built, natural and social environments in which they live, as well as by personal factors such as sex, age, ability, time and motivation. Local governments can play a crucial role in creating environments that promote opportunities for physical activity and active living through its planning, social and environmental policies. This publication presents the best available evidence on physical activity in the urban environment and makes suggestions for policy and practice on the role of local governments.

Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity
Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2010-01-10

Total Pages: 107

ISBN-13: 0309139279

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The prevalence of childhood obesity is so high in the United States that it may reduce the life expectancy of today's generation of children. While parents and other adult caregivers play a fundamental role in teaching children about healthy behaviors, even the most positive efforts can be undermined by local environments that are poorly suited to supporting healthy behaviors. For example, many communities lack ready sources of healthy food choices, such as supermarkets and grocery stores. Or they may not provide safe places for children to walk or play. In such communities, even the most motivated child or adolescent may find it difficult to act in healthy ways. Local governments-with jurisdiction over many aspects of land use, food marketing, community planning, transportation, health and nutrition programs, and other community issues-are ideally positioned to promote behaviors that will help children and adolescents reach and maintain healthy weights. Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity presents a number of recommendations that touch on the vital role of government actions on all levels-federal, state, and local-in childhood obesity prevention. The book offers healthy eating and physical activity strategies for local governments to consider, making it an excellent resource for mayors, managers, commissioners, council members, county board members, and administrators.

The Role of Local Authorities in Health Issues
The Role of Local Authorities in Health Issues

Author: Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Communities and Local Government Committee

Publisher: The Stationery Office

Published: 2013-03-27

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 9780215055439

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From 1 April 2013 local government will have a responsibility to improve the health and wellbeing of local people. Councils are well placed to make the most of a move away from a medical model of health, based on clinical treatment, to a social model, based on health promotion, protection and disease prevention. Central to the new system will be Health and Wellbeing Boards, whose members include councillors, GPs, directors of local services and community groups. They will need to focus on health promotion among all age groups. With few powers and no budget to commission services themselves, they will have to display leadership, build relationships and use their influence locally to turn their health and wellbeing strategies into reality. Health and Wellbeing Boards will be part of a complex new structure, and it is still unclear who will be in charge locally in the event of a health emergency. New arrangements for screening and immunisation services lack a local dimension. These services, along with public health services for children up to five years old and childhood immunisation services, could be devolved to public health staff within local government under Directors of Public Health. The Committee points to weaknesses in the grant formula and the Health Premium and calls on the Government to provide local authorities with community budgets to direct resources at people and places, rather than organisations. The Government also needs to address concerns about local authority and NHS access to each other's data.

Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030
Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2019-01-21

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 9241514183

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Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease stroke diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to prevent hypertension overweight and obesity and can improve mental health quality of life and well-being. In addition to the multiple health benefits of physical activity societies that are more active can generate additional returns on investment including a reduced use of fossil fuels cleaner air and less congested safer roads. These outcomes are interconnected with achieving the shared goals political priorities and ambition of the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. The new WHO global action plan to promote physical activity responds to the requests by countries for updated guidance and a framework of effective and feasible policy actions to increase physical activity at all levels. It also responds to requests for global leadership and stronger regional and national coordination and the need for a whole-of-society response to achieve a paradigm shift in both supporting and valuing all people being regularly active according to ability and across the life course. The action plan was developed through a worldwide consultation process involving governments and key stakeholders across multiple sectors including health sports transport urban design civil society academia and the private sector.

Educating the Student Body
Educating the Student Body

Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2013-11-13

Total Pages: 503

ISBN-13: 0309283140

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Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.