Lithuanian Freedom Fighters' Tactics: Resisting The Soviet Occupation 1944-1953

Lithuanian Freedom Fighters' Tactics: Resisting The Soviet Occupation 1944-1953

Author: Darius Bernotas

Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing

Published: 2014-08-15

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 1782897089

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Although the end of World War II enabled devastated countries to rebuild and enjoy a time of peace, another bloody war had just started in Lithuania. Lithuanian Freedom Fighters (LFF) fought for almost a decade (1944-1953) against the Soviets who occupied their country after World War II. This research focuses on LFF tactics that enabled them to oppose greatly superior Soviet forces for an extended period of time and on the factors that resulted in eventual defeat of LFF armed resistance. The research utilized the elements of combat power as the measurement criteria to describe the LFF tactics. The author concludes that the LFF tactics were to some extent effective. LFF managed to adapt tactics in accordance with a changing situation in terms of shifting Soviet tactics and wrong initial assumptions regarding international support. The other factor that contributed to the LFF success fighting the superior enemy for almost a decade was related to LFF ability to mitigate LFF combat power elements’ weaknesses while exploiting their strengths. Nevertheless, the absence of both political and material international support along with Soviet success in cutting off population support to the LFF were two main reasons that resulted in the gradual defeat of the armed resistance. As asymmetric warfare is likely to continue playing an important role in future conflicts, members of the military profession should find it useful to familiarize themselves with this research. A thorough analysis of LFF tactics employing a combination of regular and irregular warfare to counter superior forces should assist military professionals in further deepening their understanding of asymmetric warfare phenomena thus contributing to their awareness of contemporary operational environment.


A Military History of the Cold War, 1962–1991

A Military History of the Cold War, 1962–1991

Author: Jonathan M. House

Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press

Published: 2020-09-24

Total Pages: 465

ISBN-13: 0806167785

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Study of the Cold War all too often shows us the war that wasn’t fought. The reality, of course, is that many “hot” conflicts did occur, some with the great powers' weapons and approval, others without. It is this reality, and this period of quasi-war and semiconflict, that Jonathan M. House plumbs in A Military History of the Cold War, 1962–1991, a complex case study in the Clausewitzian relationship between policy and military force during a time of global upheaval and political realignment. This volume opens a new perspective on three fraught decades of Cold War history, revealing how the realities of time, distance, resources, and military culture often constrained and diverted the inclinations or policies of world leaders. In addition to the Vietnam War and nuclear confrontations between the USSR and the United States, this period saw dozens of regional wars and insurgencies fought throughout Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Cuba, Pakistan, Indonesia, Israel, Egypt, and South Africa pursued their own goals in ways that drew the superpowers into regional disputes. Even clashes ostensibly unrelated to the politics of East-West confrontation, such as the Nigerian-Biafran conflict, the Falklands/Malvinas War, and the Indonesian occupation of East Timor, involved armed forces, weapons, and tactics developed for the larger conflict and thus come under House’s scrutiny. His study also takes up nontraditional or specialized aspects of the period, including weapons of mass destruction, civil-military relations, civil defense, and control of domestic disorders. The result is a single, integrated survey and analysis of a complex period in geopolitical history, which fills a significant gap in our knowledge of the organization, logistics, operations, and tactics involved in conflict throughout the Cold War.


Failed States and Fragile Societies

Failed States and Fragile Societies

Author: Ingo Trauschweizer

Publisher: Ohio University Press

Published: 2014-06-01

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 0821444883

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Since the end of the Cold War, a new dynamic has arisen within the international system, one that does not conform to established notions of the state’s monopoly on war. In this changing environment, the global community must decide how to respond to the challenges posed to the state by military threats, political and economic decline, and social fragmentation. This insightful work considers the phenomenon of state failure and asks how the international community might better detect signs of state decay at an early stage and devise legally and politically legitimate responses. This collection of essays brings military and social historians into conversation with political and social scientists and former military officers. In case studies from the former Yugoslavia, Somalia, Iraq, and Colombia, the distinguished contributors argue that early intervention to stabilize social, economic, and political systems offers the greatest promise, whereas military intervention at a later stage is both costlier and less likely to succeed. Contributors: David Carment, Yiagadeesen Samy, David Curp, Jonathan House, James Carter, Vanda Felbab-Brown, Robert Rotberg, Ken Menkhaus.


The Soviet Counterinsurgency in the Western Borderlands

The Soviet Counterinsurgency in the Western Borderlands

Author: Alexander Statiev

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-04-19

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 0521768330

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This book investigates the Soviet response to nationalist insurgencies between 1944 and 1953 in the regions the Soviet Union annexed after the Nazi-Soviet pact.


New Strategy

New Strategy

Author: LtCol Dominik George Nargele

Publisher: AuthorHouse

Published: 2017-05-04

Total Pages: 361

ISBN-13: 1524688819

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New Strategy, well done! (General P. X. Kelley USMC [Ret]). Nargeles book is pure platinum that vividly describes the impact of Communist oppression on him and his family as WWII ended, and his journey to and through the Marine Corps . . . a journey that included combat service in Vietnam and sensitive challenging diplomatic assignments that followed (Lieutenant General Stephen Olmstead USMC [Ret]). The book New Strategy is an insightful look at the adversaries we have faced when we joined the Marine Corps in the 1960s (Major General Donald R. Gardner USMC [Ret], Emeritus Marine Corps University President). Lieutenant Colonel Nargeles New Strategy book is a well-thought-out, absorbing, engrossing story and is not only about his Marine Corps service but also what needs to be done for the good of our country. Well done, Marine (Major General W. H. Rice USMC [Ret]).


Joining Hitler's Crusade

Joining Hitler's Crusade

Author: David Stahel

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 1316510344

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A ground-breaking study that looks at why European nations sent troops to take part in Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union.


The Devil in History

The Devil in History

Author: Vladimir Tismaneanu

Publisher: University of California Press

Published: 2014-03-14

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 0520282205

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The Devil in History is a provocative analysis of the relationship between communism and fascism. Reflecting the author’s personal experiences within communist totalitarianism, this is a book about political passions, radicalism, utopian ideals, and their catastrophic consequences in the twentieth century’s experiments in social engineering. Vladimir Tismaneanu brilliantly compares communism and fascism as competing, sometimes overlapping, and occasionally strikingly similar systems of political totalitarianism. He examines the inherent ideological appeal of these radical, revolutionary political movements, the visions of salvation and revolution they pursued, the value and types of charisma of leaders within these political movements, the place of violence within these systems, and their legacies in contemporary politics. The author discusses thinkers who have shaped contemporary understanding of totalitarian movements—people such as Hannah Arendt, Raymond Aron, Isaiah Berlin, Albert Camus, François Furet, Tony Judt, Ian Kershaw, Leszek Kolakowski, Richard Pipes, and Robert C. Tucker. As much a theoretical analysis of the practical philosophies of Marxism-Leninism and Fascism as it is a political biography of particular figures, this book deals with the incarnation of diabolically nihilistic principles of human subjugation and conditioning in the name of presumably pure and purifying goals. Ultimately, the author claims that no ideological commitment, no matter how absorbing, should ever prevail over the sanctity of human life. He comes to the conclusion that no party, movement, or leader holds the right to dictate to the followers to renounce their critical faculties and to embrace a pseudo-miraculous, a mystically self-centered, delusional vision of mandatory happiness.


Low-intensity Conflict in the Third World

Low-intensity Conflict in the Third World

Author: Stephen Blank

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13:

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A common thread ties together the five case studies of this book: the persistence with which the bilateral relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union continues to dominate American foreign and regional policies. These essays analyze the LIC environment in Central Asia, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa.