Le sport professionnel est devenu une industrie et de ce fait il doit obéir à la législation sur la concurrence économique (arrêt Bosman). Néanmoins, devant les conséquences d'une application aveugle de ces règles de la concurrence sur l'équilibre de la compétition, il a été reconnu nécessaire de tenir compte des spécificités du secteur sportif. Trois questions font débat pour préserver l'équilibre compétitif quel modèle d'organisation du sport professionnel choisir entre le modèle américain et le modèle européen ? Quelle est l'efficacité relative des modalités de régulation de la mobilité des joueurs professionnels ? Ne faudrait-il pas mettre en œuvre de nouveaux instruments de régulation du marché du travail ?
This timely book offers a critical interpretation of the traditional social and economic accounts of sport. It provides an incisive analysis of professional sport and defines alternative foundations to the present model. The authors demonstrate that professional sport is an extremely complex phenomenon encompassing many unique factors depending on its global reach, financing and organization. In particular they address three significant issues: • an analysis of the relationship between sport and economic development in order to explain the place of professional sport in modern societies • a study of the main difficulties facing the organization of professional sports in terms of financing, collective bargaining and the consequences of revenue sharing for competitive balance • an exploration of alternatives to current governance structures which would involve a return to professional ethics. This insightful and topical book is essential for academics and students of sport management, researchers of the economics of sport, managers of clubs and federations involved in professional sports, as well as civil servants and journalists.
Football is big business. The top teams and leagues in world football generate billions of dollars in revenue and serve an audience of billions of fans. This book focuses on the marketing of football, as the apex of the contemporary football industry. Drawing upon key theories and concepts in sport marketing research, it highlights the critical strategic and operational elements that underpin effective marketing in football clubs around the world. Covering developments in sponsorship, marketing communications, CRM, strategic marketing, international marketing and digital media, it features authors and cases from countries including the UK, US, France, Spain, Germany, Italy, China and Japan.
For decades, sports economics has been set within the framework of equilibrium economics, in particular when modelling team sport leagues. Based on a conviction that this does not reflect real life, this book addresses a gap in the literature and opens up a new research area by applying concepts drawn from disequilibrium economics. It is divided into two parts, the first of which focuses on economic disequilibrium in sports markets and competitive imbalance in sporting contests. The second part concentrates on soft budget constraints and their consequences for club governance and management.
Sports play a significant role in society, as they are a multilevel field of interest. Nonetheless, a major problem that has been undermining the field is the rise of issues surrounding integrity. Indeed, major scandals of corruption have been disclosed, and they have challenged the effectiveness of sports institutions. As a result, it is vital to explore how to navigate the complex landscape of legal and ethical issues. Law, Ethics, and Integrity in the Sports Industry is an essential reference source that discusses the legitimacy and integrity of sports institutions by focusing on the social, economic, and political influence of sports. Featuring research on topics such as global sports governance, legal and ethical implications, and the validity of e-sports, this book is ideally designed for scholars interested in institutional aspects of sports and ethics, academicians, researchers, advanced-level students, and officials with a broad interest in sports seeking coverage on the institutional aspects of sports and ethics.
Sports economics is a well-established and dynamic area of study; a key component in the fields of sport management, sport science and sport studies, as well as in other areas of economics, finance and management. Covering amateur to professional sports, individual events and organised tournaments, this Handbook provides an authoritative contribution to the understanding of sport in the economy. The editors of The SAGE Handbook of Sports Economics have brought together a global team of respected scholars to create this benchmark collection of insights into sports economics. Each chapter includes a study of a specific context in which issues arise in sports economics, a critical presentation of its main theoretical contributions, an overview of current research findings, and an outline of enquiry for future research. PART I: The Nature and Value of the Sports System and Economy PART II: Amateur Sports Participation, Supply and Impact PART III: Professional Team Sports PART IV: Professional Sports Leagues PART V: Sports Events and their Impacts PART VI: Individual Sports PART VII: Future Research
The book is the result of the II Congress of Sports Economics (Gijón, Spain, May 3-5, 2007) devoted to League Governance and Competition. It is organized in three different parts. The first one deals with governance in leagues and in professional sports in general. The second part analyses the consequences of different changes in the competition system at the European level. The third part has an institutional approach and different cases of governance in football leagues around the world are analysed.
Hassan Bougrine, Louis-Philippe Rochon and the expert contributors to this book explore issues of economic growth and full employment; presenting a clear explanation to stagnation, recessions and crises, including the latest Global Financial Crisis of 2007-8. With a central focus on the role played by government spending, deficits and debt as well as the setting of interest rates, the chapters propose alternative policies that can be used by central banks and fiscal authorities to deal with problems of income inequality, unemployment and slow productivity.
In this volume, Louis-Philippe Rochon and Hassan Bougrine bring together key post-Keynesian voices in an effort to push the boundaries of our understanding of banks, central banking, monetary policy and endogenous money. Issues such as interest rates, income distribution, stagnation and crises – both theoretical and empirical – are woven together and analysed by the many contributors to shed new light on them. The result is an alternative analysis of contemporary monetary economies, and the policies that are so needed to address the problems of today.
Sport is recreational, social, educational, healthful, and cultural. It has always been all of these things. Perhaps also it has always been political. In recent years, however, it has become something else besides: economic. Nowadays a lot of money is invested in sport, and sporting competitions often generate enormous amounts of revenue. This has entailed serious repercussions, especially for the relations between individual sportsmen/sportswomen and the sporting clubs and federations that act as brokers for their careers. Into this protected area for decades a closed shop now come the European institutions, especially the European Court of Justice and the European Commission, with the declared intention of ensuring respect for the exigencies of Community law while at the same time protecting the specificity and the integrity of sport. This important book presents an in-depth analysis of the viability under Community law of traditional sports regulations such as transfer rules and nationality clausesboth sets of rules seriously compromised by the Bosman case of 1995. The author asks in particular whether certain rules elaborated by sporting associations can withstand the test of compatibility with the free movement provisions of the EC Treaty. In the light of Bosman, he also rigorously investigates: whether valuable arguments exist for keeping certain sporting rules and practices entirely outside the scope of the EC Treaty; and whether the private nature of sporting clubs constitutes a stumbling block for the application of the relevant free movement rules. Practical Regulation of the Mobility of Sportsmen in the EU Post Bosman comes at a moment when clarification of where this complex and contentious matter currently lies is essential if we are to gauge where it is going. The topic is of special and increasing interest, as official declarations on sport were attached to the Treaties of both Amsterdam and Nice. And, if the draft Constitution for Europe actually enters into force, sport will even become an official area of Union policy. This trend confirms the value and significance of this ground-breaking book for practitioners, policymakers, and regulators in the burgeoning field of sports law. European Monographs 48
