Regulating Artificial Intelligence
Regulating Artificial Intelligence

Author: Thomas Wischmeyer

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-29

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 3030323617

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This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality.

Implementing IDEA
Implementing IDEA

Author: Warger, Eavy & Associates

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 86

ISBN-13:

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This guide is designed to provide information on ensuring quality special education services and early intervention to building principals in elementary and middle schools. It sets forth standards of excellence that directly relate to implementing the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and presents guidelines for principals to use when assessing themselves and their school community. It is intended that the standards and guidelines in this document be used to assess quality practices and program improvement. The guide is organized around the following categories: (1) school organization, which addresses the need for an adequate supply of qualified personnel; (2) leadership; (3) curriculum and instruction, which addresses student access to a high-quality curriculum, provision of adequate financial and material resources, and use of effective instructional practices; (4) staff development; (5) school climate, which addresses the need to ensure all children feel respected and welcome; and (6) assessment. For each section, standards are presented along with specific guidelines. Appendix A contains a checklist that principals or other stakeholders may use to assess the extent to which their schools meet the quality standards and guidelines. Appendix B includes excerpts from the text of the IDEA regulations referenced in the guide. (CR)

SECRETS and SCANDALS
SECRETS and SCANDALS

Author: H. Philip West

Publisher:

Published: 2014-10-15

Total Pages: 799

ISBN-13: 9780990629306

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Between 1986 and 2006 Rhode Island ran a gauntlet of scandals that exposed corruption and aroused public rage. Protesters marched on the State House. Coalitions formed to fight for systemic changes. Under intense public pressure, lawmakers enacted historic laws and allowed voters to amend defects in the state's constitution. Since colonial times, the state legislature had wielded vast executive powers. Even judges remained vulnerable. No one could forget that on a single day in 1935 the General Assembly sacked the entire Supreme Court. Without constitutional checks and balances, citizens suffered under single party control. Republicans ruled during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; Democrats held sway from the 1930s into the twenty-first century. In their eras of unchecked control, both parties became corrupt. SECRETS & SCANDALS tells the inside story of events that shook a culture of corruption and finally brought separation of powers in 2004. No single leader, no political party, no organization could have converted betrayals of public trust into historic reforms. But when citizen coalitions connected with dedicated public officials to address systemic failures, government changed. Three times--in 2002, 2008, and 2013--Chicago's Better Government Association scored state laws that promote integrity, accountability, and government transparency. Rhode Island ranked second twice and first in 2013--largely because of reforms reported in SECRETS & SCANDALS.