Las asociaciones público-privadas en la prestación de servicios públicos y el principio de equidad en materia financiera y tributaria

Las asociaciones público-privadas en la prestación de servicios públicos y el principio de equidad en materia financiera y tributaria

Author: Fabián Andrade Narváez

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 702

ISBN-13:

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La organización y provisión de ciertos bienes y servicios de competencia de la Administración pública por parte de gestores privados no son asuntos nuevos en los sistemas jurídicos de tradición romano-germánica ni en la doctrina que explica el régimen aplicable. No obstante, impulsadas por las prácticas especialmente desarrolladas desde los requerimientos del mercado financiero internacional, en la última década, se han concretado reformas legislativas para introducir, con la denominación de «asociaciones público privadas» (las «APP»), los estándares de un modelo internacional que se muestra como paradigma de eficiencia en la preparación e implementación de proyectos de infraestructura y servicios públicos con participación privada. Las APP son un instrumento de gestión y también de financiación de la actividad pública cuya relevancia se ha acrecentado en circunstancias en las que, por una parte, los presupuestos públicos sufren importantes restricciones y, por otra, las demandas sociales se incrementan en relación con la provisión de servicios que se estiman básicos e imprescindibles y, además, no ha variado la necesidad de cubrir la brecha de inversión en infraestructura de calidad por su correlación con el crecimiento económico y el bienestar de la comunidad. A partir de ello, sostengo que el Derecho Financiero Público tiene un ámbito mucho mayor al del estudio del régimen aplicable a los ingresos y gastos públicos, porque es posible observar subsistemas jurídicos destinados a disciplinar otras fórmulas de financiación de la actividad pública que rebasan los límites del presupuesto público como instrumento central de la actividad financiera del Estado...


The Rational Spirit in Modern Continuum Mechanics

The Rational Spirit in Modern Continuum Mechanics

Author: Chi-Sing Man

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2004-07-06

Total Pages: 918

ISBN-13: 9781402018282

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Through his voluminous and in?uential writings, editorial activities, organi- tional leadership, intellectual acumen, and strong sense of history, Clifford - brose Truesdell III (1919–2000) was the main architect for the renaissance of - tional continuum mechanics since the middle of the twentieth century. The present collection of 42 essays and research papers pays tribute to this man of mathematics, science, and natural philosophy as well as to his legacy. The ?rst ?ve essays by B. D. Coleman, E. Giusti, W. Noll, J. Serrin, and D. Speiser were texts of addresses given by their authors at the Meeting in memory of Clifford Truesdell, which was held in Pisa in November 2000. In these essays the reader will ?nd personal reminiscences of Clifford Truesdell the man and of some of his activities as scientist, author, editor, historian of exact sciences, and principal founding member of the Society for Natural Philosophy. The bulk of the collection comprises 37 research papers which bear witness to the Truesdellian legacy. These papers cover a wide range of topics; what ties them together is the rational spirit. Clifford Truesdell, in his address upon receipt of a Birkhoff Prize in 1978, put the essence of modern continuum mechanics succinctly as “conceptual analysis, analysis not in the sense of the technical term but in the root meaning: logical criticism, dissection, and creative scrutiny.


Ecuador Poverty Report

Ecuador Poverty Report

Author:

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 1996-01-01

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 9780821336656

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"Valuable report based on the Ecuador Living Standard Measurement Survey (1994). Uses total consumption expenditures. Provides a baseline reference for future work. Contrast with INEC's basic needs survey (item #bi 97002637#)"--Handbook of Latin AmericanStudies, v. 57.


The North American Mosaic

The North American Mosaic

Author: Commission for Environmental Cooperation (Montréal, Québec). Secretariat

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13:

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The North American Mosaic has four overarching features. First, it is, to the extent feasible, based on comparable information on the status and trends of major indicators of the state of the environment in Canada,Mexico, and the United States. Second, the report confirms that these three countries together make up an incredibly complex, dynamic, and interconnected ecosystem in which humans play a dominant and decisive role. Third, the report raises important and sometimes disquieting questions concerning the sustainability of some current trends. Finally, the report is a reminder that our economic, social, and physical well-being are utterly dependent on the life-sustaining services provided by nature. This report emphasizes the importance of developing mutually compatible economic, social, and environmental goals and policies across the three-country region.


Global Investment Competitiveness Report 2017/2018

Global Investment Competitiveness Report 2017/2018

Author: World Bank Group

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2017-10-25

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 1464811857

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The Global Investment Competitiveness report presents new insights and evidence on drivers of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries, and FDI’s role in development. The report’s survey of 750 executives of multinational corporations finds that a business-friendly legal and regulatory environment is a key driver of investment decisions in developing countries, along with political stability, security, and macroeconomic conditions. The report’s topic-specific chapters explore the potential of FDI to create new growth opportunities for local firms, assess the power of tax holidays and other fiscal incentives to attract FDI, analyze characteristics of FDI originating in developing countries, and examine the experience of foreign investors in countries affected by conflict and fragility. Three key features of this Global Investment Competitiveness report distinguish it from other publications on FDI. First, its insights are based on a combination of first-hand perspectives of investors, extensive analysis of available data and evidence, and international good practices in investment policy design and implementation. Secondly, rather than exploring broad FDI trends, the report provides detailed and unique analysis of FDI depending on its motivation, sector, geographic origin and destination, and phase of investment. Thirdly, the report offers practical and actionable recommendations to policymakers in developing countries wishing to reform their business climates for increased investment competitiveness. As such, the report is meant to complement other knowledge products of the World Bank Group focused even more explicitly on country-level data, detailed reform diagnostics, and presentation of best practices. We are confident this report will bring value and fresh perspectives to a variety of audiences. To governments and policymakers, including investment promotion professionals, the report offers direct insights into the role of government policies and actions in investors’ decision-making. To foreign investors and site location consultants, the report provides information on FDI trends and drivers across sectors and geographies. For academic audiences, the new datasets on investment incentives and FDI motivations enables opportunities for additional research and analysis. Lastly, for development assistance providers and other stakeholders, the report highlights key approaches for maximizing FDI’s benefits for development.


Guidelines for Protected Areas Legislation

Guidelines for Protected Areas Legislation

Author: Barbara J. Lausche

Publisher: IUCN

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 2831712459

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The central aim of this publication is to consider the key elements of a modern, comprehensive, and effective legal framework for successful management of protected areas. They provide practical guidance for all those involved in developing, improving, or reviewing national legislation on protected areas, be they legal drafters and practitioners, protected area managers, interested NGOs, or scholars. These guidelines include fifteen case studies, eight dealing with the protected area legislation of individual countries and six cases dealing with specific sites providing fundamental solutions that stand the test of time.


Revenue Statistics in Latin America

Revenue Statistics in Latin America

Author: OECD

Publisher: OECD Publishing

Published: 2011-12-15

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 9789264110540

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This book provides internationally comparable data on tax levels and tax structures for a selection of Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries.


Sociétés Transnationales

Sociétés Transnationales

Author: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Programme on Transnational Corporations

Publisher: New York : United Nations

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 744

ISBN-13:

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How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 728

ISBN-13:

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This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.