Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids
Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids

Author: Eliot Epstein

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2002-09-27

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 1000738248

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Over 50 percent of the 6,900 million dry tons of sewage sludge generated each year in the United States is land applied. The principal controversies surrounding the land application of biosolids involve heavy metals and pathogens. Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Biosolids is a comprehensive, scientific text providing a complete review of vari

Guidelines for Environmental Management
Guidelines for Environmental Management

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 9780730676416

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Biosolids (appropriately treated sewage sludge) can make an important contribution to sustainable environmental management, through the return of organic material, trace elements, moisture and nutrients to our soils. The Guidelines for Environmental Management: Biosolids Land Application enables this beneficial use of biosolids, by providing a management framework that ensures any chemical and microbiological risks are appropriately managed.

Biosolids Applied to Land
Biosolids Applied to Land

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2002-11-01

Total Pages: 366

ISBN-13: 0309084865

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The 1993 regulation (Part 503 Rule) governing the land application of biosolids was established to protect public health and the environment from reasonably anticipated adverse effects. Included in the regulation are chemical pollutant limits, operational standards designed to reduce pathogens and the attraction of disease vectors, and management practices. This report from the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology evaluates the technical methods and approaches used by EPA to establish those standards and practices, focusing specifically on human health protection. The report examines improvements in risk-assessment practices and advances in the scientific database since promulgation of the regulation, and makes recommendations for addressing public health concerns, uncertainties, and data gaps about the technical basis of the biosolids standards.

Land Application of Wastewater Sludge
Land Application of Wastewater Sludge

Author: T. M. Younos

Publisher: ASCE Publications

Published: 1987-01-01

Total Pages: 100

ISBN-13: 9780784475836

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Prepared by the Task Committee on Land Application of Sludge of the Committee on Water Pollution Management of the Environmental Engineering Division of ASCE. This report presents research on the land application of wastewater sludge, especially quantitative and qualitative aspects of soil-sludge interaction. Each year, approximately 6.2 million dry metric tons of wastewater sludge are produced by municipal wastewater treatment facilities in the United States. The annual sludge production is expected to reach 12 million dry metric tons by the year 2000. Sludge use and disposal options include incineration, ocean disposal, marketing of processed sludge, landfilling, and land application. Land application of sludge is achieved by spreading the sludge over the ground surface or incorporating it within the topsoil by injection, disking, or plowing. Sludge is applied to agricultural and forest lands for its nutrient value and to disturbed areas for soil amendment and reclamation purposes. At present, land application is the logical alternative because of its environmental and economic advantages over the other methods. Topics include: mechanisms for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, the role of trace elements, hydrologic effects of soil-sludge interaction, use of municipal sludge to reclaim mined land, and health effects. The report concludes with recommendations for future research.