Featuring extensive calculations and examples, this reference discusses theoretical and practical aspects of short-circuit currents in ac and dc systems, load flow, and harmonic analyses to provide a sound knowledge base for modern computer-based studies that can be utilized in real-world applications. Presenting more than 2300 figures, tables, and equations, the author explores matrix methods for network solutions and includes load flow and optimization techniques. He discusses ac and dc short-circuit systems calculations in accordance with standards set by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Laboratory automation is an increasingly important part of the job description of many laboratory scientists. Although many laboratory scientists understand the methods and principles involved in automation, most lack the necessary engineering and programming skills needed to successfully automate or interface equipment in the lab. A step-by-step,
A fully automated lab can perform miracles of elucidation–from taking objective measurements to generating massive amounts of data in a short time to drawing conclusions using multivariant statistical methods. In this technically enhanced setting, a chemist can now conduct new types of experiments, ones that require the assimilation of large amounts of data in a short time and others that require the control of a large number of parameters simultaneously or take a long time to complete. Automating a laboratory is surprisingly inexpensive–and given the basic electronics and computer know-how–relatively simple. With this text, written by two chemists who have successfully automated their own labs, you’ll be able to fully automate your laboratory, building and programming your own devices and automatic systems, using their measured, step-by-step approach. You’ll learn: The basic concepts of analog and digital electronics, enabling you to select components of appropriate quality and construct simple circuits The dynamics of the simplest electronic elements–resistors, capacitors and RC circuits–and their applications, as well as diodes, rectifiers, filters, regulators, and more The basic vocabulary of bit, byte, word and digital signal, gates, latches, counters, and multivibrators The basic parts of a microprocessor–the arithmetic logic unit, the internal registers, and the control units–as well as input/output techniques Analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion techniques The way interface cards can be programmed in interpreted and compiled BASIC, complete with program examples The most popular communication protocols for intercommunicating computers, instruments, and other devices The laboratory instruments and apparatus with the necessary interfaces useful in building up an automated system Laboratory robotics–from motors and position detectors to articulated arms This definitive, hands-on, and up-to-date text will allow you to smoothly automate your lab in as cost-effective and efficient a style as possible. The versatility of the tools and techniques described are suitable for professional settings as wide as the industrial lab, municipal lab, analytical services, environmental control services, and health services. An Introduction to Laboratory Automation details simply and economically–for students and professionals alike–the practical dynamics behind sciences successful mix of chemistry and computer.
The Use of Computers for Laboratory Automation gives readers sufficient knowledge of computer systems and automation to enable them to read, and evaluate critically, technical literature and system specifications, thereby allowing the active participation in the selection, implementation, use and maintenance of computer systems in laboratories. The Use of Computers for Laboratory Automation addresses the fundamental concepts in computer engineering, software engineering and automation. It places the emphasis on principles of operation rather than on `product specific' details, which makes it independent and to a large degree `future-proof'. Particular attention is given to Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) and the associated verification and valuation of computers in regulated (GLP) environments. The book is written in an approachable style, using simple technical language, making it easily accessible to scientists at all professional levels (licentiate, graduate, practising professional) and capacities (technician, analyst, technical manager etc.), and from many different disciplines.
This new monograph provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art of the automation of laboratory processes in analytical chemistry. The topics have been chosen according to such criteria as the degree of consolidation, scope of application and most promising trends. The first part of the book begins with the basic principles behind the automation of laboratory processes, then describes automatic systems for sampling and sample treatment. In the second part the principal types of analysers are discussed: continuous, batch and robotic. The third part is devoted to the automation of analytical instrumentation: spectroscopic, electroanalytical and chromatographic techniques and titrators. The last part presents some examples of the application of automation to clinical chemistry, environmental pollution monitoring and industrial process control. The text is supplemented by 290 figures and 800 literature references. It is written primarily for scientists directly involved in laboratory work and those responsible for industrial planning and control, research centres, etc. It will also be of interest to analytical chemists wishing to update their knowledge in this area, and will be of especial interest to scientists directly related to environmental sciences or clinical chemistry.
Devices and Systems for Laboratory Automation Structured Overview on the Available Systems and Devices for Laboratory Automation Choosing the right systems and devices for the automation in any given laboratory is an essential part for the process to succeed. As relevant information to make an informed choice is not always readily available, a structured overview is essential for modern scientists. This book provides an introduction into laboratory automation and an overview of the necessary devices and systems. Sample topics discussed by the two well-qualified authors include: Specific requirements the automation needs to fulfill such as liquid delivery, low volume delivery, solid delivery, and sample preparation An overview on robots and mobile robots Common interfaces in laboratory automation For scientists and all individuals working in laboratories, the work serves as an indispensable resource in helping to make laboratory processes more streamlined, effective, and efficient.
The book describes a methodology for developing and implementing a laboratory automation program. This material is important in chemistry, biotechnology, pharmaceutical, clinical and other scientific fields. The material covers the policies and practices, and the creation of laboratory automation architecture.
