L'expression de la diversité culturelle peut-elle contribuer à redéfinir le vivre ensemble à l'orée du XXIe siècle ou, au contraire, est-elle le masque avenant de l'ultralibéralisme pour légitimer les inégalités qu'il génère ? A-t-elle pour finalité cachée la liquidation de la civilisation, comme certains le redoutent, ou est-elle l'accomplissement de cette république universelle portée par les humanistes de la Renaissance et des Lumières ?
This book explores the objects, means and ends of international cultural heritage protection. It starts from a broad conception of cultural heritage that encompasses both tangible property, such as museum objects or buildings, and intangible heritage, such as languages and traditions. Cultural heritage thus defined is protected by various legal regimes, including the law of armed conflicts, UNESCO Conventions and international criminal law. With a view to strengthening international protection, the authors analyze existing regimes and elaborate innovative concepts, such as blue helmets of culture and safe havens for endangered cultural heritage. Finally, the ends of international protection come to the fore, and the authors address possible conflicts between protecting cultural diversity and wishes to strengthen cultural identity.
Many scholars, practitioners, and policy-makers in the cultural sector argue that Canadian cultural policy is at a crossroads: that the environment for cultural policy-making has evolved substantially and that traditional rationales for state intervention no longer apply. The concept of cultural citizenship is a relative newcomer to the cultural policy landscape, and offers a potentially compelling alternative rationale for government intervention in the cultural sector. Likewise, the articulation and use of cultural indicators and of governance concepts are also new arrivals, emerging as potentially powerful tools for policy and program development. Accounting for Culture is a unique collection of essays from leading Canadian and international scholars that critically examines cultural citizenship, cultural indicators, and governance in the context of evolving cultural practices and cultural policy-making. It will be of great interest to scholars of cultural policy, communications, cultural studies, and public administration alike.
How do Canadian provincial and territorial governments intervene in the cultural and artistic lives of their citizens? What changes and influences shaped the origin of these policies and their implementation? On what foundations were policies based, and on what foundations are they based today? How have governments defined the concepts of culture and of cultural policy over time? What are the objectives and outcomes of their policies, and what instruments do they use to pursue them? Answers to these questions are multiple and complex, partly as a result of the unique historical context of each province and territory, and partly because of the various objectives of successive governments, and the values and identities of their citizens. Cultural Policy: Origins, Evolution, and Implementation in Canada’s Provinces and Territories offers a comprehensive history of subnational cultural policies, including the institutionalization and instrumentalization of culture by provincial and territorial governments; government cultural objectives and outcomes; the role of departments, Crown corporations, other government organizations, and major public institutions in the cultural domain; and the development, dissemination, and impact of subnational cultural policy interventions. Published in English.
La conférence sur "La diversité linguistique : défi pour les villes et régions européennes" (Rovinj, Croatie, 22-23 mars 2001) a été organisée conjointement par le Congrès des pouvoirs locaux et régionaux de l'Europe (CPLRE), le ministère de l'Intégration européenne de Croatie et le Comité des régions de l'Union européenne. Elle a constitué la contribution majeure du CPLRE à l'Année européenne des langues 2001 et a été l'occasion du lancement de cette année européenne en Croatie. Cette conférence a rassemblé environ 150 participants et a permis à de nombreux experts, mais aussi aux membres du Congrès et aux élus locaux et régionaux présents, d'échanger leurs vues sur l'apprentissage des langues. Cette conférence a permis de présenter des exemples concrets d'apprentissage des langues, qu'il s'agisse des langues de communication internationale, de la langue nationale, régionale ou minoritaire.
"Rencontre inspirée par la nécessité de préserver la diversité culturelle du monde, dans les Amériques en particulier, tout en favorisant les échanges multilatéraux dans la réciprocité, elle a rassemblé des personnes convaincues que la vitalité culturelle et sa libre expression sont essentielles à la vie démocratique, au pluralisme, à la paix entre les peuples."--
La question de l'identité européenne a souvent été soulevée par les historiens sous l'angle de la civilisation et de l'héritage historique et culturel commun. Mais l'identité européenne n'a que rarement été abordée à travers une grille de lecture liée à l'émergence d'un espace public européen et d'une expérience de vivre ensemble. Cet ouvrage se propose donc de croiser les compétences multiples de jeunes chercheurs européens, afin d'identifier les vecteurs porteurs d'une identité européenne et de mesurer leur réalité ou leurs insuffisances. Ce faisant, il propose des pistes de développement pour cette identité européenne encore en gestation, afin d'en déterminer les enjeux pour l'Europe. À la fois objectif et handicap dans l'histoire des communautés européennes, la question identitaire semble être un enjeu majeur pour aujourd'hui comme pour demain. The issue of a common European identity has been the subject of academic research from diverse perspectives. This book approaches the theme of European identity through the interpretive lens of both European public space and the experience of living together. Young scholars in the field of European studies identify instruments for the development of a European identity and analyse their characteristics and shortcomings. These proceedings offer a spectrum of perspectives on the development of a European identity.
In Exception Taken, Jonathan Buchsbaum examines the movements that have emerged in opposition to the homogenizing force of Hollywood in global filmmaking. While European cinema was entering a steady decline in the 1980s, France sought to strengthen support for its film industry under the new Mitterrand government. Over the following decades, the country lobbied partners in the European Economic Community to design strategies to protect the audiovisual industries and to resist cultural free-trade pressures in international trade agreements. These struggles to preserve the autonomy of national artistic prerogatives emboldened many countries to question the benefits of accelerated globalization. Led by the energetic minister of culture Jack Lang, France initiated a series of measures to support all sectors of the film industry. Lang introduced laws mandating that state and private television invest in the film industry, effectively replacing the revenue lost from a shrinking theatrical audience for French films. With the formation of the European Union in 1992, Europe passed a new treaty (Maastricht) that extended its legal purview to culture for the first time, setting up the dramatic confrontation over the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) in 1993. Pushed by France, the EU fought the United States over the idea that countries should preserve their right to regulate cultural activity as they saw fit. France and Canada then initiated a campaign to protect cultural diversity within UNESCO that led to the passage of the Convention on Cultural Diversity in 2005. As France pursued these efforts to protect cultural diversity beyond its borders, it also articulated "a certain idea of cinema" that did not simply defend a narrow vision of national cinema. France promoted both commercial cinema and art cinema, disproving announcements of the death of cinema.
