Keynes and the Economic Policies of the 1980's

Keynes and the Economic Policies of the 1980's

Author: Mario Baldassarri

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1992-06-18

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 1349128155

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Contributes to the debate between monetarist, Keynesian and supply-side views of economic theory, and analyzes and compares the empirical experiences of the economic policies of the six major industrialized countries of the 1980s.


Finance & Development, September 2014

Finance & Development, September 2014

Author: International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2014-08-25

Total Pages: 60

ISBN-13: 1475566980

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This chapter discusses various past and future aspects of the global economy. There has been a huge transformation of the global economy in the last several years. Articles on the future of energy in the global economy by Jeffrey Ball and on measuring inequality by Jonathan Ostry and Andrew Berg are also illustrated. Since the 2008 global crisis, global economists must change the way they look at the world.


General Theory Of Employment , Interest And Money

General Theory Of Employment , Interest And Money

Author: John Maynard Keynes

Publisher: Atlantic Publishers & Dist

Published: 2016-04

Total Pages: 410

ISBN-13: 9788126905911

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John Maynard Keynes is the great British economist of the twentieth century whose hugely influential work The General Theory of Employment, Interest and * is undoubtedly the century's most important book on economics--strongly influencing economic theory and practice, particularly with regard to the role of government in stimulating and regulating a nation's economic life. Keynes's work has undergone significant revaluation in recent years, and "Keynesian" views which have been widely defended for so long are now perceived as at odds with Keynes's own thinking. Recent scholarship and research has demonstrated considerable rivalry and controversy concerning the proper interpretation of Keynes's works, such that recourse to the original text is all the more important. Although considered by a few critics that the sentence structures of the book are quite incomprehensible and almost unbearable to read, the book is an essential reading for all those who desire a basic education in economics. The key to understanding Keynes is the notion that at particular times in the business cycle, an economy can become over-productive (or under-consumptive) and thus, a vicious spiral is begun that results in massive layoffs and cuts in production as businesses attempt to equilibrate aggregate supply and demand. Thus, full employment is only one of many or multiple macro equilibria. If an economy reaches an underemployment equilibrium, something is necessary to boost or stimulate demand to produce full employment. This something could be business investment but because of the logic and individualist nature of investment decisions, it is unlikely to rapidly restore full employment. Keynes logically seizes upon the public budget and government expenditures as the quickest way to restore full employment. Borrowing the * to finance the deficit from private households and businesses is a quick, direct way to restore full employment while at the same time, redirecting or siphoning


The Power of Economists within the State

The Power of Economists within the State

Author: Johan Christensen

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2017-04-11

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 1503601854

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The spread of market-oriented reforms has been one of the major political and economic trends of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Governments have, to varying degrees, adopted policies that have led to deregulation: the liberalization of trade; the privatization of state entities; and low-rate, broad-base taxes. Yet some countries embraced these policies more than others. Johan Christensen examines one major contributor to this disparity: the entrenchment of U.S.-trained, neoclassical economists in political institutions the world over. While previous studies have highlighted the role of political parties and production regimes, Christensen uses comparative case studies of New Zealand, Ireland, Norway, and Denmark to show how the influence of economists affected the extent to which each nation adopted market-oriented tax policies. He finds that, in countries where economic experts held powerful positions, neoclassical economics broke through with greater force. Drawing on revealing interviews with 80 policy elites, he examines the specific ways in which economists shaped reforms, relying on an activist approach to policymaking and the perceived utility of their science to drive change.


Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics

Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics

Author: Nicholas Wapshott

Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Published: 2011-10-11

Total Pages: 423

ISBN-13: 039308311X

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“I defy anybody—Keynesian, Hayekian, or uncommitted—to read [Wapshott’s] work and not learn something new.”—John Cassidy, The New Yorker As the stock market crash of 1929 plunged the world into turmoil, two men emerged with competing claims on how to restore balance to economies gone awry. John Maynard Keynes, the mercurial Cambridge economist, believed that government had a duty to spend when others would not. He met his opposite in a little-known Austrian economics professor, Freidrich Hayek, who considered attempts to intervene both pointless and potentially dangerous. The battle lines thus drawn, Keynesian economics would dominate for decades and coincide with an era of unprecedented prosperity, but conservative economists and political leaders would eventually embrace and execute Hayek's contrary vision. From their first face-to-face encounter to the heated arguments between their ardent disciples, Nicholas Wapshott here unearths the contemporary relevance of Keynes and Hayek, as present-day arguments over the virtues of the free market and government intervention rage with the same ferocity as they did in the 1930s.


The IMF and the Silent Revolution

The IMF and the Silent Revolution

Author: Mr.James M. Boughton

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2000-09-11

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 9781557759702

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This pamphlet is adapted from Chapter 1 of Silent Revolution: The International Monetary Fund, 1979-89, by the same author. That book is full of history of the evolution of the Fund during 11 years in which the institution truly came of age as a participant in the international financial system.


Keynes, the Keynesians and Monetarism

Keynes, the Keynesians and Monetarism

Author: Tim Congdon

Publisher: Edward Elgar Pub

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 339

ISBN-13: 9781848442399

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'In the context of the current economic climate, this volume provides an excellent opportunity for reappraising the arguments on both sides of the debate. . . the importance of this volume is that it provides the interested reader with an excellent summary of the monetarist position prior to the current crisis.' - Economic Outlook and Business Review


An Encyclopedia of Keynesian Economics, Second edition

An Encyclopedia of Keynesian Economics, Second edition

Author: Thomas Cate

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2013-01-01

Total Pages: 705

ISBN-13: 1782546790

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Acclaim for the first edition: ÔThis easy-to-read collection . . . tells the whole story. Filled with short, well-written pieces, the encyclopedia covers the names and ideas that preceded Keynes, that carried his work to the center of the profession, and that eventually supplanted him there . . . There are excellent and unexpected articles on the Austrian school, the Lausanne school, and the Ricardo effect. There are well-done pieces on all the basic theoretical models at the heart of Keynesianism . . . [the] volume has been well put together. The editors deserve special praise for letting each contributor tell his own story. Those who oppose KeynesÕs ideas are just as well represented as those who carry the torch for him. This evenhandedness helps to ensure a volume that is truly representative and that will allow its users to get a full picture of the life and times of Keynesian economics.Õ Ð Bradley W. Bateman, Grinnell College, US ÔThe book will also be of some interest to serious scholars, partly because it includes biographies of many economists too young to have been included in the New Palgrave, such as Dornbusch, Fisher, Herschel Grossman, Kregel, Lucas, and Robert Townsend. It also includes some very interesting longer essays.Õ Ð Peter Howitt, The Economic Journal ÔThis book provides an excellent summary of the many strands of ÔKeynesianÕ- style thought both before and after 1936. Its well-considered entries take care to make explicit the assumptions and fundamental points of difference between theories too often concealed by the parents and advocates of specific theories in their zeal to promote the universality of the ideas. There is scarcely an entry that suffers from wordiness and repetition; the readerÕs scarce time is not abused.Õ Ð Elizabeth Webster, Economic Record ÔThis reviewer found using this source exhilarating and endowed with additional interest in view of the 1997 discussion on the inclusion or noninclusion of Keynesian economics in introductory economics textbooks. The editors should be applauded for helping to preserve a part of intellectual heritage.Õ Ð Bogdan Mieczkowski, American Reference Books ÔIt is the best single reference source on Keynesian economics and will be welcomed by students and teachers in economics as well as scholars in related social sciences and government policy makers.Õ Ð Educational Book Review This thoroughly revised and updated second edition of a highly acclaimed and authoritative reference work introduces the major concepts in the field of Keynesian economics. The comprehensive Encyclopedia features accessible, informative and provocative contributions by leading international scholars working in the tradition of Keynes. It brings together widely dispersed yet theoretically congruent ideas, presents concise biographies of economists who have contributed to the debate on Keynes and the Keynesian Revolution, and outlines the basic principles, models and tools used to discuss the economic consequences of The General Theory. Longer entries on specific topics associated with Keynes and the Keynesian Revolution analyse the principal factors that contributed to The General Theory, the economics of Keynes and the rise and apparent decline of Keynesian economics in greater detail. The second edition will ensure that An Encyclopedia of Keynesian Economics will remain the best single reference source on Keynesian economics and will continue to be welcomed by academics, students and teachers of economics as well as by scholars in related social sciences and government policymakers.