This book is volume 33 of the yearbook seriesPalaeoecology of Africa presenting the outcome of atribute conference to the internationally recognized South African researcher and palynologist Professor Louis Scott. He has recently retired, but is continuing his active research career. The conference proceedings and articles published here
This is an introduction to Tanzania. The focus is on the land and its people and how they live. The work also looks at Tanzania's demographic composition and the ethnic identities of the people who constitute the largest and most populous country in East Africa. The book is intended for members of the general public including tourists. It's also good for students who want to learn about Tanzania from a contemporary and historical perspective. The work provides basic information for those who are going to Tanzania and who intend to spend some time in a country that's one of the prime destinations for people from all parts of the world visiting the African continent.
The editors are grateful for the editing and production assistance of a number of IDA staff members, especially Sylvia Horowitz, who copyedited the entire manuscript and supervised its transformation for computer-generated typesetting. Vivian Carlip gave a second editorial reading, Cecily O'Neil helped with production, the manuscript was proofread by Vera Beers-Tyler, and Peter Daly designed the map on the following page. To the contributors, of course, goes our greatest appreciation, for their gracious cooperation in making requested revisions as well as for the content of their work.
"Huge sums have been spent on water and sanitation services in Tanzania, but much of that investment is standing idle in the country, producing little or no water for the intended beneficiaries. A major question is whether any of the investment can be salvaged to reduce the burden of water gathering on the population." - From 'Tanzania: Social Sector Review' Tanzania's social indicators remain among the poorest in the world. This report describes the trends in the social sectors and analyzes the factors that influence these trends. These trends include the performance of the economy, government social sector spending and policy, household behavior and incomes, and demographic trends. Findings from the surveys and case studies are synthesized to provide a comprehensive picture of the demand for and supply of education, health, water and sanitation, nutrition, and family planning services. The report discusses the situation and trends in the social sector and identifies ways that the government, the private sector, and households can use their respective resources most effectively.
This work is about life in Tanzania today. It's also a general survey of life in Tanzania since the sixties. Subjects covered include major political and socioeconomic changes which have taken place in the country since independence. The author also looks at life under ujamaa - the African version of socialism - in the seventies and eighties when the government tried to transform Tanzania into a socialist nation; life under capitalism after socialism was abandoned in the early 1990s; how multiparty democracy has worked and how it has not worked in Tanzania after the country abandoned one-party rule in 1992; the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar and the problems and challenges it faces and has faced since it was formed in 1964, and other subjects. The book is also a general introduction to Tanzania - its geography and its people. The author has looked at all the administrative regions or provinces and the ethnic groups in every region. Tanzania has one of the largest numbers of ethnic groups in Africa. The author also explains why Tanzania's demographic composition is unique on the continent. The work is intended for members of the general public including those who are going to Tanzania for the first time.
Research papers, development policy, economic and social development, failures, Tanzania - population growth, economic recession, manufacturing, agriculture, farming, economic policy; erosion control, fuelwood, macroeconomics, agricultural mechanization, green revolution, rural women, small scale industry, handicrafts, water supply, health service, ILO mentioned. Graphs, maps, references, statistical tables.
This book deals with major issues related to hand- and ox-drawn farm implements for different farming systems and ecological areas in Tanzania. It is based on field visits in some ten Tanzanian regions. The study may shed some light on the relative importance of problems related to production and distribution of basic farm implements as an element of the crisis. preferred by Tanzanian peasants. The structure and conditions of the different levels of production and repair of farm implements in Tanzania, village blacksmiths, small-, medium- and large-scale production, are investigated. estimates for most hand- and ox-drawn implements in Tanzania. The structure and functioning of the distribution system for farm implements are also analyzed. activities of peasant farming in Tanzania, including supply of relevant implements, raw materials for local village production and repair of implements, and how to improve village connected transport through increased production of good quality ox-carts.
The International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, 2nd Edition encompasses the full range of the contemporary field of linguistics, including historical, comparative, formal, mathematical, functional, and philosophical linguistics with special attention given to interrelations within branches of linguistics and to relations of linguistics with other disciplines. Areas of intersection with the social and behavioral sciences--ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and behavioral linguistics--receive major coverage, along with interdisciplinary work in language and literature, mathematical linguistics, computational linguistics, and applied linguistics.Longer entries in the International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, ranging up to four thousand words, survey the major fields of study--for example, anthropological linguistics, history of linguistics, semantics, and phonetics. Shorter entries treat specific topics within these fields, such as code switching, sound symbolism, and syntactic features. Other short entries define and discuss technical terms used within the various subfields or provide sketches of the careers of important scholars in the history of linguistics, such as Leonard Bloomfield, Roman Jakobson, and Edward Sapir.A major portion of the work is its extensive coverage of languages and language families. From those as familiar as English, Japanese, and the Romance languages to Hittite, Yoruba, and Nahuatl, all corners of the world receive treatment. Languages that are the subject of independent entries are analyzed in terms of their phonology, grammatical features, syntax, and writing systems. Lists attached to each article on a language group or family enumerate all languages, extinct or still spoken, within that group and provide detailed information on the number of known speakers, geographical range, and degree of intelligibility with other languages in the group. In this way, virtually every known language receives coverage.For ease of reference and to aid research, the articles are alphabetically arranged, each signed by the contributor, supported by up-to-date bibliographies, line drawings, maps, tables, and diagrams, and readily accessible via a system of cross-references and a detailed index and synoptic outline. Authoritative, comprehensive, and innovative, the 2nd edition of the International Encyclopedia of Linguistics will be an indispensable addition to personal, public, academic, and research libraries and will introduce a new generation of readers to the complexities and concerns of this field of study.
