A recovery is underway, but the economic fallout from the global pandemic could be with us for years to come. With the crisis exacerbating prepandemic vulnerabilities, country prospects are diverging. Nearly half of emerging market and developing economies and some middle-income countries are now at risk of falling further behind, undoing much of the progress made toward achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
The Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions has been published by the IMF since 1950. It draws on information available to the IMF from a number of sources, including that provided in the course of official staff visits to member countries, and has been prepared in close consultation with national authorities.
The IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics was established in 1992 to promote accuracy and cooperation in the compilation of balance of payments statistics. Membership of the Committee, which advises the IMF on statistical issues, consists of representatives from a number of international organizations, central banks, and national statistical offices. The Committee's annual report for 1999 discusses recent trends in global balance of payment statistics and highlights the Committee's work program.
This paper explores some of the key factors behind Rwanda key successes, including unique institution-building that emphasized governance and ownership; aid-fueled and government-led strategic investment in people, infrastructure, and high-yield economic activity; re-establishment and expansion of a domestic tax base; policies to reduce aid dependency by attracting private investment and bolstering exports; and a purposeful strategy to harness the economic power of gender inclusion.
This volume--the fifth in a series of histories of the International Monetary Fund--examines the 1990s, a tumultuous decade in which the IMF faced difficult challenges and took on new and expanded roles. Among these were assisting countries that had long operated under central planning to manage transitions toward market economies, helping countries in financial crisis after sudden loss of support from private financial markets, adapting surveillance to reflect the growing acceptance of international standards for economic and financial policies, helping low-income countries grow and begin to eradicate poverty while staying within its mandate as a monetary institution, and providing adequate financial assistance to members in an age of limited official resources. The IMF's successes and setbacks in facing these challenges provide valuable lessons for an uncertain future.
This paper reviews key findings of the IMF’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended April 1950. The report highlights that the widespread devaluation of currencies that took place in September 1949 was the most far-reaching in any comparable period in recent times. Thirteen members agreed new par values with the IMF, most of them involving a devaluation of approximately 30.5 percent in relation to the U.S. dollar. Six member countries with which the IMF has no agreed par value also depreciated their exchange rates.
This paper reviews key findings of the IMF’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended April 30, 1963. The report highlights that during the course of 1962, economic activity continued to expand in most industrial countries. In the United States, there was some slowdown in production, but final purchases rose almost as much as during 1961, and a revival of activity set in during the early part of 1963. In continental Europe, a climate of general prosperity continued to prevail.
This paper reviews key findings of the IMF’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended September 1946. This report covers the operations and policies of the IMF in the period from May 6, 1946, when the Executive Directors held their first meeting in Washington, through early September 1946. Since it is intended that in future years the annual report of the Executive Directors will cover the operations of the IMF in the preceding fiscal year, such figures as are here presented deal mainly with the period ending June 30, 1946.