International Comparisons of Pricing-to-market Behavior

International Comparisons of Pricing-to-market Behavior

Author: Michael Knetter

Publisher:

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13:

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This paper measures the degree of price discrimination across export destinations that is associated with exchange rate changes using U.S., U.K., German and Japanese industry-level data. Given the industries sampled more price discrimination across destinations is observed in the U.K., German and Japanese data. For industries that match across source countries, however, behavior is very similar across source countries. Furthermore, destination-specific price adjustment on exports to the U.S. from Germany and Japan is similar to price adjustment observed on shipments to other destinations. Most variation in the data appears to be related to industry.


Pricing in International Markets

Pricing in International Markets

Author: Atish R. Ghosh

Publisher:

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13:

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Export firms are often assumed to stabilize destination market prices in the face of nominal exchange rate changes in order to protect market share. We show that standard tests of such pricing to market fail to discriminate against the alternative hypothesis of menu costs. As a case study, we examine the characteristics and determinants of changes in the cover prices of The Economist magazine in a sample of twelve countries over the floating rate period. We find that, while the law of one price fails, there is no evidence of systematic attempts to offset nominal exchange rate movements. Instead, the findings are consistent with menu cost driven pricing behavior.


Pricing in International Markets

Pricing in International Markets

Author: David C. Parsley

Publisher:

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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The paper studies export pricing to market (PTM) in a "small-country" context using a panel of disaggregated exports from Hong Kong since 1992. Conventional wisdom is that PTM is commonplace - except for US exports. This study provides a benchmark by which to interpret the puzzling behavior of US export prices. Empirically, Hong Kong's export price behavior is comparable to that of the US. This similarity reinforces the idea that PTM behavior is also a function of home market conditions and the ability to price discriminate across markets. There is little evidence of differences in PTM across Hong Kong's export destinations.


Exchange Rate Volatility, Pricing to Market and Trade Smoothing

Exchange Rate Volatility, Pricing to Market and Trade Smoothing

Author: Mr.Peter B. Clark

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 1997-10-01

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13: 1451936621

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This paper investigates the consequences of exchange rate volatility on the variability of export prices and quantities in the presence of market segmentation and pricing to market. Firms stabilize destination prices through systematic price discrimination, limiting the degree of exchange rate pass-through. Consequently, the variability of exchange rates is not fully translated into prices and quantities at the point of destination. Empirical estimates using aggregate price data for the G-7 industrial countries show incomplete pass-through in variances, with considerable variation among these countries. U.S. industry specific data also indicate incomplete pass-through in most cases, with considerable variation across industries.


International Economics: Global Market Competition (5th Edition)

International Economics: Global Market Competition (5th Edition)

Author: Henry Thompson

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2024-03-04

Total Pages: 369

ISBN-13: 9811279365

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This text integrates trade theory and open economy macroeconomics with straightforward diagrams and numerous examples. The emphasis is on the gains from competitive trade and the limits of policy. Economics began with the political debate over import tariffs in England. Tariffs lead to net economic losses, except in a few circumstances, and would then lead to retaliation. Consumers and firms importing intermediate inputs lose due to tariffs, as do export industries when other countries retaliate with tariffs of their own. Import competing industries and the government gain from tariffs.The present approach integrates theories of market behavior and general equilibrium on the microeconomic side. Exchange rate theory bridges from trade theory into balance of payments theory. In the final chapter on open economy macroeconomics, the limits of monetary and fiscal policies due to the competitive foreign exchange market is the focus.Theoretical diagrams present the theory without assuming intermediate theory. Numerous problems for each section build confidence in applying the theory. Boxed examples illustrate the importance of theory. Each chapter includes a concise mathematical appendix that should appeal to students with interest and to instructors preparing for class.


IMF Staff Papers, Volume 51, No. 1

IMF Staff Papers, Volume 51, No. 1

Author: International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2004-04-20

Total Pages: 206

ISBN-13: 9781589063228

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This first issue of Volume 51 for 2004 includes a new paper by Peter B. Clark and Jacques J. Polak, along with a tribute from the Editor to Mr. Polak in honor of his 90th birthday. This issue also launches a new featured section, "Data Issues," which will be devoted in future issues to on-going discussions of the latest in econometric and statistical tools for economists, data puzzles, and other related topics of interest to researchers.