Internal Pricing
Internal Pricing

Author: Tim Baldenius

Publisher: Now Publishers Inc

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 107

ISBN-13: 1601982704

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Internal Pricing surveys of the transfer pricing literature with a focus on commonly-used pricing schemes using incomplete contracting models. Chapter 2 develops the basic symmetric information model to compare the performance of cost-based and negotiated pricing in the absence of external input markets. Chapter 3 considers market-based pricing and the role of internal price adjustments; it ignores investments and focuses solely on trading incentives. Chapter 4 adds investments to the model of Chapter 3 and shows that investment opportunities further strengthen the case for internal adjustments. Chapter 5 reconsiders the initial analysis of Chapter 2 for the case of asymmetrically informed divisional managers. The book ends with the author's conclusions and an appendix including the mathematical proofs. A key theme running through Internal Pricing is that the firm's central office (i.e headquarters) plays a rather limited role in mediating individual transactions. This captures the stylized empirical fact that in most firms, headquarters designs the broad "rules of the game" by choosing a pricing mechanism and compensation contracts, but usually does not get involved in pricing on a product-by-product basis.

The Principles of Banking
The Principles of Banking

Author: Moorad Choudhry

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2022-09-22

Total Pages: 868

ISBN-13: 1119755689

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A timely and robust discussion of responsible bank stewardship and practice. The Second Edition of The Principles of Banking offers banking professionals, regulators, and students from a variety of backgrounds an authoritative and practical discussion of the foundations of modern banking and good banking practice. In the book, you'll find a comprehensive roadmap to a more sustainable business model for your banking organization. The author draws on his many years' experience as a commercial and investment banker as he explains the original principles of banking—including sound lending policy, capital management, and liquidity risk management—as well as new material covering the impact of COVID-19 on banks, risk management, and balance sheet management. The Principles of Banking also provides recommendations for bank asset-liability management best practices that enable banks to deliver optimized balance sheets for the benefit of all stakeholders. It also includes new chapters in market risk management, foreign exchange risk management, interest rate risk, and credit risk policy and management. An essential update to a widely read and taught banking text, The Principles of Banking, Second Edition is an indispensable resource for banking professionals and students everywhere.

Pricing
Pricing

Author: Tudor Bodea

Publisher: Business Expert Press

Published: 2012-01-18

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 1606492586

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Pricing analytics uses historical sales data with mathematical optimization to set and update prices offered through various channels in order to maximize profit. With this outstanding contribution to this subject, you will learn just how to identify and exploit pricing opportunities in different business contexts. Each chapter looks at pricing from an economist's viewpoint beginning with the basic concept of pricing analytics and what type of data are needed to use this powerful science; the common assumptions regarding the customer population's willingness- to-pay are discussed along with the price-response functions that result from these assumptions; examples from several industries and organizations; dynamic pricing, with a special emphasis on the most common application--markdown pricing; the new field of customized pricing analytics, where a firm responds to a request-for-bids or request-for-proposals with a customized price response; and the relevant aspects of behavioral science to pricing. Additional examples include the asymmetry of joy/pain that customers feel in response to price decreases/increases.

WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies
WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies

Author:

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2020-09-29

Total Pages: 70

ISBN-13: 9240011870

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In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.

Handbook on Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility
Handbook on Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility

Author: Michel Magnan

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2024-01-18

Total Pages: 429

ISBN-13: 1802208771

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The world-wide transition towards corporate social responsibility (CSR) results in profound changes to business practices. Hence, this crucial Handbook adopts a global perspective to review key CSR issues and their implications for the future evolution of corporate governance.

International Economics
International Economics

Author: Søren Kjeldsen-Kragh

Publisher: Copenhagen Business School Press DK

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 9788763000376

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Exploring theories of international trade and investment, this text explains how classical economic theories were influenced by ideas of perfect competition. More recent theories emphasize the importance of market, product and technological change, economies of scale and specialization.

A New Theory of Market and Capitalism
A New Theory of Market and Capitalism

Author: Anatoliy Zhelezniak

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2021-11-12

Total Pages: 180

ISBN-13: 1527577376

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This book presents a new theory of market and capitalism, detailing its key moments and general logic. It is based on the distinction between two market types: the simple commodity market and the capitalist one. In contrast to what is usually uncritically accepted, disequilibrium and “imperfect competition” are admitted here to be a functional norm of the capitalist market. The book also shows that equilibrium and “perfect competition” are admitted to be a functional anomaly, with crises considered as the result of such an anomaly. It details the general principles and concrete measures of crisis-proof policies and behavior.

Technological Applications and Advancements in Service Science, Management, and Engineering
Technological Applications and Advancements in Service Science, Management, and Engineering

Author: Galup, Stuart D.

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2012-05-31

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 1466615842

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Services play a central role in the economies of nations and in global commerce, and to some extent we are all in the field of service. Technological Applications and Advancements in Service Science, Management, and Engineering is a compendium of research that proves to be an indispensable resource for cutting-edge knowledge in service science understood as a broad research field that embodies all the aspects that relate to services, their planning, design, operation, evaluation, and improvement. Perfect for academic researchers and practicing professionals, this volume serves as a vehicle for the development of service science and how good services are devised and engineered to get the maximum value for their efforts.

Better Business Decisions Using Cost Modeling, Second Edition
Better Business Decisions Using Cost Modeling, Second Edition

Author: Victor E. Sower

Publisher: Business Expert Press

Published: 2015-02-17

Total Pages: 154

ISBN-13: 1631570684

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“In this second edition, Vic and Chris have done an excellent job of citing the importance of accurate problem identi cation and the need for validated data input for the decision making process—a must read book for those managers responsible for making operational decisions.” - Richard Bozeman, Jr., Author and Inventor, Retired Chief of the Propulsion and Power Division Test Facilities, NASA “I TRULY enjoyed the book and found it very informative. I am not an easy sell when it comes to the quantitative approach however I WAS SOLD! I will never approach future negotiations and future data analysis the same after reading this book. GOOD JOB!”—Peter Birkholz, Managing Partner of the Sam Houston Group LP, Management Consultant—Birkholz Management Co., LLC -- Information is power in supply chain operations, negotiations, continuous improvement programs, process improvement, and indeed in all aspects of managing an operation. Accurate and timely information can result in better decisions that translate into the improvement of bottom-line results. This book provides the business professional a concise guide to the creation and effective use of both internal and external cost models. Development of internal cost models is discussed with illustrations showing how they can be deployed to assist in new product development, pricing decisions, make-or-buy decisions, and the identi cation of opportunities for internal process improvement projects.