Edited by the leading expert on the topic, this is the first book to present the latest developments in this exciting field. Alongside the theoretical aspects, the top contributors provide practical protocols to give readers additional important information otherwise unavailable. A must for every synthetic chemist in academia and industry.
Phase transfer catalysis is a sophisticated chemical technique which can be used to perform a variety of chemical reactions under mild conditions and with improved control. Since the concept was developed, both the theoretical and practical synthetic applications have seen considerable development, to the point where the technique can be applied to many areas of chemistry. Thus, phase transfer methods are now utilized in many applications, from research chemistry to full-scale production, where the benefits of faster, cleaner and more selective reactions are required. In this new book, the editors have brought together a range of contributors, each of whom is working at the forefront of the technology, to provide a clear, concise and ahtoritative review of this important area of chemistry. Industrial and academic chemists working on the synthesis, scale-up, production or analysis of a wide range of chemical products will find this book an essential reference on phase transfer technology.
Since 1971 when useful working concepts for the technique of phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) were introduced, the understanding, development, and applica tions of this method for conducting organic reactions has expanded exponentially. PTC has brought vast new dimensions and options to chemists and chemical engineers. From its use in less than ten commercial processes in 1975, PTC use has increased so that in the early 1990s it is involved in more than 600 industrial applications to manufacture products valued at between 10 and 20 billion U.S. dollars. PTC is widely used for simple organic reactions, steps in synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, perfumes, ftavorants, and dyes; for specialty polymerization reactions, polymer modifications, and monomer synthe sis; for pollution and environmental control processes; for analysis oftrace organic and inorganic compounds; and for many other applications. Often, PTC offers the best (and sometimes only) practical technique to obtain certain products. The authors experience in teaching a short course on phase-transfer catalysis has shown to us that a newcomer to PTC can easily be frustrated and confused by the large amount of information available in the literature and in patents. The purpose of this book, therefore, was to bring this information together in a logical and user-friendly way, without sacrificing matters of scholarly and fundamental importance.
This series provides a continuing critical review of the literature concerned with mechanistic aspects of inorganic and organometallic reactions in solu tion, with coverage over the whole area being complete in each volume. The format of this second volume is very similar to that of the first, with material arranged according to reaction type and compound type along generally accepted lines. Papers discussed are selected on the basis of relevance to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms but may also include results of a nonkinetic nature, such as stereochemical studies and product ratios, when useful mechanistic information can be deduced. In this volume extra space has been given to areas concerned with electron transfer processes and substitution reactions of inert complexes, and to improve convenience for the reader the text has been further divided to form three additional chapters. Electron transfer processes are discussed in three chapters: "General and Theoretical," "Reactions between Two Complexes," and "Metal-Ligand Redox Reactions," while six chapters are concerned with substitution and related reactions. Here reactions of inert chromium and cobalt complexes are discussed in separate chapters. The period of literature coverage is January 1981 through June 1982 inclusive and in a few instances, where delays in delivery of journals have been encountered, the issues not covered will be included in the next volume.
This work describes the essential aspects of enantioselective catalysis, with chapters organised by concept rather than by reaction type. Each concept is supported by examples to give the reader broad exposure to a wide range of catalysts, reactions and reaction mechanisms.
Asymmetric Organocatalysis 2 from the Science of Synthesis series gives an authoritative, broad overview of the field, compiled by 3 8 experts, as well as a critical presentation of the best organocatalytic and related methodologies available today for practical as ymmetric synthesis. It provides alternative, greener syntheses with simple and easily used catalysts helping avoid the use of expens ive and/or toxic metals. The reference work covers all the catalysts and reactions within the activation modes Brønsted base catalys is and Brønsted acid catalysis. Typical or general experimental procedures as well as mechanistic, technical and theoretical aspects are included, allowing the reader to clearly see how simple, clean and efficient this chemistry is. // The content of this e-book w as originally published in December 2011.
By presenting novel methods for the efficient preparation of fluorinated compounds and their application in pharmaceutical and agrochemical chemistry as well as medicine, this is a valuable source of information for all researchers in academia and industry!
As pharmaceutical companies strive to develop safer medicines at a lower cost, they must keep pace with the rapid growth of technology and research methodologies. Defying the misconception of process chemistry as mere scale-up work, Process Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Vol. 2: Challenges in an Ever Changing Climate explor
Explores the potential of new types of anion-binding catalysts to solve challenging synthetic problems Anion-Binding Catalysis introduces readers to the use of anion-binding processes in catalytic chemical activation, exploring how this approach can contribute to the future design of novel synthetic transformations. Featuring contributions by world-renowned scientists in the field, this authoritative volume describes the structure, properties, and catalytic applications of anions as well as synthetic applications and practical analytical methods. In-depth chapters are organized by type of catalyst rather than reaction type, providing readers with an accessible overview of the existing classes of effective catalysts. The authors discuss the use of halogens as counteranions, the combination of (thio)urea and squaramide-based anion-binding with other types of organocatalysis, anion-binding catalysis by pnictogen and tetrel bonding, nucleophilic co-catalysis, anion-binding catalysis by pnictogen and tetrel bonding, and more. Helping readers appreciate and evaluate the potential of anion-binding catalysis, this timely book: Illustrates the historical development, activation mode, and importance of anion-binding in chemical catalysis Explains the analytic methods used to determine the anion-binding affinity of the catalysts Describes catalytic and synthetic applications of common NH- and OH-based hydrogen-donor catalysts as well as C-H triazole/triazolium catalysts Covers amino-catalysis involving enamine, dienamine, or iminium activation approaches Discusses new trends in the field of anion-binding catalysis, such as the combination of anion-binding with other types of catalysis Presenting the current state of the field as well as the synthetic potential of anion-binding catalysis in future, Anion-Binding Catalysis is essential reading for researchers in both academia and industry involved in organic synthesis, homogeneous catalysis, and pharmaceutical chemistry.
