Insights in Atherosclerosis and Vascular Medicine: 2022

Insights in Atherosclerosis and Vascular Medicine: 2022

Author: Masanori Aikawa

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2024-03-14

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 2832546110

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This Research Topic is part of the Insights in Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine series. Following the success of the inaugural series, Frontiers has organized a series of Research Topics to highlight the latest advancements in research across the field of cardiovascular medicine, with articles from the members of our accomplished Editorial Boards. This editorial initiative of particular relevance, led by Professor Masanori Aikawa, Specialty Chief Editor of the Atherosclerosis and Vascular Medicine section, is focused on new insights, novel developments, current challenges, latest discoveries, recent advances, and future perspectives in the field of atherosclerosis.


Prevention of Myocardial Infarction

Prevention of Myocardial Infarction

Author: JoAnn E. Manson

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 592

ISBN-13:

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Coronary heart disease remains the leading cause of death in both men and women in most industrialized countries. Yet it is largely preventable, and health care providers can acquire the skills to help their patients reduce their risks substantially. Traditional risk factors such as cigarette smoking, hypercholesterolimia, hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and glucose intolerance explain a major proportion of coronary events. Recent evidence also suggests important adjunctive roles for hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women, and aspirin prophlaxis in individuals at high risk of a first myocardial infarction. Emerging evidence indicates an important role for diet in the prevention of heart disease. Although the importance of lifestyle and behavioral modifications may well be known among physicians and other health-care providers, the implementation of this knowledge has been limited. One reason is that the information supporting the value, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of risk-reduction strategies has not been previously synthesized and made widely available to health-care providers in office and community settings. Prevention of Myocardial Infarction fills these critical gaps by providing a state-of-the-art compendium of the scientific evidence on the efficacy of coronary disease prevention, while focusing on helping clinicians develop intervention skills to utilize available knowledge. Chapters by leading authorities in cardiovascular epidemiology, clinical cardiology, cost-effectiveness analysis, and public health translate the theory of preventive cardiology into feasible implementation. The counseling and other intervention strategies described in this textbook have documented clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness, and they require little time to learn or implement. The book is written mainly for primary care providers, including general internists and family physicians, but will also be of interest to medical subspecialties such as cardiologists and endocrinologists, as well as medical students, dietitians, psychologists, epidemiologists, and students, practitioners, and researchers in public health.


Myeloid cells in health and liver disease

Myeloid cells in health and liver disease

Author: Evangelos Triantafyllou

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2024-06-26

Total Pages: 153

ISBN-13: 2832550460

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Cells of the myeloid lineage display diverse roles and functions both in tissue homeostatic conditions and during the development of liver diseases. Hepatic myeloid cells such asKupffer cells exert immune surveillance while maintaining immune tolerance. This helps to prevent excessive immune stimulation upon encounter with gut-derived antigens from food and commensal microbes, or rapidly identifying and eliminating pathogens. Myeloid cells also exhibit a dual role by contributing to both the initiation and progression of liver diseases. During liver inflammation, myeloid cells secrete cytokines and chemokines that promote chemotaxis and tissue damage. Further down the process they can undergo reprogramming into pro-resolving, anti-inflammatory cells. In extremis, these can lead to loss of liver function and development of fibrosis and cirrhosis. Liver myeloid cells can also dictate the progress of hepatic malignancy by either promoting the infiltration and activation or suppressing the activities of effector and/or cytotoxic T cells.