Information, Knowledge, Text is concerned with connections between computing and writing and precursors to modern information technologies. It brings historical and humanistic perspectives to bear on contemporary information developments, enabling a deepening understanding of those developments. Rather than developing a single overarching thesis, Warner weaves together several themes, basing his chapters on carefully edited journal articles and conference presentations. Individual essays cover the history of writing and signal transmission, the concept of exactness as it relates to human semiotic constructions, forms of representation in formal logic and automata studies, copyright, and graphic communication. A final chapter offers a review of literature that further explores the established themes.
The scope of this volume will encompass a collection of research papers related to indexing and retrieval of online non-text information. In recent years, the Internet has seen an exponential increase in the number of documents placed online that are not in textual format. These documents appear in a variety of contexts, such as user-generated content sharing websites, social networking websites etc. and formats, including photographs, videos, recorded music, data visualizations etc. The prevalence of these contexts and data formats presents a particularly challenging task to information indexing and retrieval research due to many difficulties, such as assigning suitable semantic metadata, processing and extracting non-textual content automatically, and designing retrieval systems that "speak in the native language" of non-text documents.
This book gathers together, in a new way, established and contemporary thinking about how to get the best out of information technology and information systems investments. Working managers who are beset by the complexities of information management in the age of Big Data and the Social Web, and students who are trying to make sense of information management in a chaotic world that is more and more driven by the Internet, will all benefit from this new treatment of a long-standing and problematic domain. Importantly, the book reveals and clarifies the dependencies that exist between the inner world of information technology and the outer world of people and organisations at work. The book differs from other books in its reflective approach. It avoids lengthy, descriptive, and prescriptive dogma. Rather, it provides tools for thinking about information management and it identifies strategic and tactical options at six levels: from the simple consideration of information technology and information systems, right through to issues of organisational performance and business strategy. At the heart of the matter are two critical and tightly connected issues: the ways that we conceive and manage an organisation’s processes, and the ways that we conceive and manage the information that an organisation needs to sustain those processes. The six-level framework that achieves this clarity is the “Information Management Body of Knowledge” (familiarly known as the “IMBOK”). This easy-to-understand and easy-to-remember framework has been found to be extremely useful in business, in government, in civil society and in education. Throughout the book, selected research papers are identified and summarised. There are also summary chapters from three different operational perspectives: performance and competency assessment using the IMBOK, undertaking research into related issues, and a review of parallel expert thinking. This book stands as a reference point and resource for all those who need to straddle the disparate worlds of “information technology” and “business”. It provides firm pedagogical foundations for courses dealing with business management in the information age, and it provides a sound reference framework for researchers who need to position research projects related to information technology and information systems in a wider context. For busy managers, who simply wish to identify, understand and successfully manage information technology-related opportunities, it provides an ideal arrangement of ideas and tools that will help them.
A guide for using computational text analysis to learn about the social world From social media posts and text messages to digital government documents and archives, researchers are bombarded with a deluge of text reflecting the social world. This textual data gives unprecedented insights into fundamental questions in the social sciences, humanities, and industry. Meanwhile new machine learning tools are rapidly transforming the way science and business are conducted. Text as Data shows how to combine new sources of data, machine learning tools, and social science research design to develop and evaluate new insights. Text as Data is organized around the core tasks in research projects using text—representation, discovery, measurement, prediction, and causal inference. The authors offer a sequential, iterative, and inductive approach to research design. Each research task is presented complete with real-world applications, example methods, and a distinct style of task-focused research. Bridging many divides—computer science and social science, the qualitative and the quantitative, and industry and academia—Text as Data is an ideal resource for anyone wanting to analyze large collections of text in an era when data is abundant and computation is cheap, but the enduring challenges of social science remain. Overview of how to use text as data Research design for a world of data deluge Examples from across the social sciences and industry
Primarily intended for business analysts and statisticians across multiple industries, this book provides an introduction to the types of problems encountered and current available text mining solutions.
The promise of the Semantic Web is that future web pages will be annotated not only with bright colors and fancy fonts as they are now, but with annotation extracted from large domain ontologies that specify, to a computer in a way that it can exploit, what information is contained on the given web page. The presence of this information will allow software agents to examine pages and to make decisions about content as humans are able to do now. The classic method of building an ontology is to gather a committee of experts in the domain to be modeled by the ontology, and to have this committee.
formation. The basic ideas underlying knowledge visualization and information vi- alization are outlined. In a short preview of the contributions of this volume, the idea behind each approach and its contribution to the goals of the book are outlined. 2 The Basic Concepts of the Book Three basic concepts are the focus of this book: "data", "information", and "kno- edge". There have been numerous attempts to define the terms "data", "information", and "knowledge", among them, the OTEC Homepage "Data, Information, Kno- edge, and Wisdom" (Bellinger, Castro, & Mills, see http://www.syste- thinking.org/dikw/dikw.htm): Data are raw. They are symbols or isolated and non-interpreted facts. Data rep- sent a fact or statement of event without any relation to other data. Data simply exists and has no significance beyond its existence (in and of itself). It can exist in any form, usable or not. It does not have meaning of itself.
The Definitive Resource on Text Mining Theory and Applications from Foremost Researchers in the FieldGiving a broad perspective of the field from numerous vantage points, Text Mining: Classification, Clustering, and Applications focuses on statistical methods for text mining and analysis. It examines methods to automatically cluster and classify te
Knowledge management promises concepts and instruments that help organizations support knowledge creation, sharing and application. This book offers a comprehensive account of the many facets, concepts and theories that have influenced knowledge management and integrates them into a framework consisting of strategy, organization, systems and economics guiding the design of successful initiatives. The third edition extends coverage of the two pillars of implementing knowledge management initiatives, organization and systems.
