This book explores whether the Sandinista 'mixed economy'—a 'transitional' mixed economy—could have been stable if the Sandinistas had been able to pursue their industrialization strategy for a longer period of time. It explains why Nicaragua's mixed economy was stable for almost eleven years.
The Fall and Rise of the Market in Sandinista Nicaragua is an insightful look at the difficulties that arise when a particular vision of socialism is applied in a country such as Nicaragua. Phil Ryan argues that the Sandinistas pursued a project of social transformation inspired by a Marxism much more orthodox than has been widely recognized. He maintains that tensions between this project and other factors such as war and external debt led to the severe economic crisis of the mid-1980s.
This book explores whether the Sandinista 'mixed economy'--a 'transitional' mixed economy--could have been stable if the Sandinistas had been able to pursue their industrialization strategy for a longer period of time. It explains why Nicaragua's mixed economy was stable for almost eleven years.
This bibliography lists the most important works published in economics in 1993. Renowned for its international coverage and rigorous selection procedures, the IBSS provides researchers and librarians with the most comprehensive and scholarly bibliographic service available in the social sciences. The IBSS is compiled by the British Library of Political and Economic Science at the London School of Economics, one of the world's leading social science institutions. Published annually, the IBSS is available in four subject areas: anthropology, economics, political science and sociology.
In the history of international relations, few events command as much attention as revolution and war. Over the centuries, revolutionary transformations have produced some of the most ruinous and bloody wars. Nevertheless, the breakdown of peace in time of revolution is poorly understood. Patrick Conge offers a groundbreaking study of the relationship between war and revolution. How can we best understand the effect of revolutionary transformations on the politics of war and peace? Conge argues that it is only by bringing in, first, the organizational capacity of revolutionary regimes to extract resources and convert them into military strength and, second, the power of transformative ideas to transcend national boundaries and undermine the ability of opposing regimes to compromise that we are best able to understand the effect of revolution on the origins and persistence of war. By incorporating such key elements, this book provides a new, more comprehensive explanation of the relationship between revolution, war, and peace. Conditions that lead to and sustain wars in general are identified and placed in the light of revolutionary transformations. Once the argument is presented, historical case studies are used to test its plausibility. Conge demonstrates the importance of the effect of revolutionary organization and ideas on the outcome of conflicts. Political scientists, historians, sociologists, and the general reader interested in the politics of war and peace in revolutionary times are given new perspectives on the relationship between revolution and war as well as on the implications of political organization for military power and the process of consolidation of new regimes. Patrick J. Conge is Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Arkansas.
This unique two-volume work analyzes the Industrial Revolution from a global perspective and traces its influences up to the present day—encouraging students to rethink the significance of events past and present. By taking a fresh approach to its topic, Industrialization in the Modern World: From the Industrial Revolution to the Internet enables students to see this ongoing phenomenon not as a standalone event, but as a catalyst for the formation of today's globalized, industrializing world. Spanning the period from 1750 to the present, the work offers some 450 entries that cover developments in Africa and Asia, as well as in Europe and the United States. Numerous essays are organized around specific questions or problems; others examine significant events, countries, or industries. The work deals with all the major aspects of traditional industrialization (textiles, coal, steel), as well as modern variations (China, computers, the Internet). With a targeted approach, the authors will help students see how industrialization in one society influenced another, how industrialization spread throughout the world, and the causes and effects of each country's individual "revolution."
Beginning with volume 41 (1979), the University of Texas Press became the publisher of the Handbook of Latin American Stuides, the most comprehensive annual bibliography in the field. Compiled by the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress and annotated by a corps of more than 130 specialists in various disciplines, the Handbook alternates from year to year between social sciences and humanities. The Handbook annotates works on Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and the Guianas, Spanish South America, and Brazil, as well as materials covering Latin America as a whole. Most of the subsections are preceded by introductory essays that serve as biannual evaluations of the literature and research underway in specialized areas. The Handbook of Latin American Studies is the oldest continuing reference work in the field. Dolores Moyano Martin, of the Library of Congress Hispanic Division, has been the editor since 1977, and P. Sue Mundell has been assistant editor since 1994. The subject categories for Volume 55 are as follows: Anthropology (including Archaeology and Ethnology) Economics Electronic Resources for the Social Sciences Geography Government and Politics International Relations Sociology
Food policy and practices varied widely in Nicaragua during the last decades of the twentieth century. In the 1970s and ‘80s, food scarcity contributed to the demise of the Somoza dictatorship and the Sandinista revolution. Although faced with widespread scarcity and political restrictions, Nicaraguan consumers still carved out spaces for defining their food choices. Despite economic crises, rationing, and war limiting peoples’ food selection, consumers responded with improvisation in daily cooking practices and organizing food exchanges through three distinct periods. First, the Somoza dictatorship (1936–1979) promoted culture and food practices from the United States, which was an option only for a minority of citizens. Second, the 1979 Sandinista revolution tried to steer Nicaraguans away from mass consumption by introducing an austere, frugal consumption that favored local products. Third, the transition to democracy between 1988 and 1993, marked by extreme scarcity and economic crisis, witnessed the re-introduction of market mechanisms, mass advertising, and imported goods. Despite the erosion of food policy during transition, the Nicaraguan revolution contributed to recognizing food security as a basic right and the rise of peasant movements for food sovereignty.