Industrial Price Policies and Economic Progress
Author: Edwin Griswold Nourse
Publisher: Ardent Media
Published:
Total Pages: 336
ISBN-13:
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Author: Edwin Griswold Nourse
Publisher: Ardent Media
Published:
Total Pages: 336
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Douglass Vincent Brown
Publisher:
Published: 1940
Total Pages: 212
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor:
Publisher: World Health Organization
Published: 2020-09-29
Total Pages: 70
ISBN-13: 9240011870
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Published: 2008-09-24
Total Pages: 219
ISBN-13: 9264044159
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis report assesses how pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies have contributed to the achievement of certain health policy objectives, and it examines the national and transnational effects of these policies.
Author: Dr. MADESWARAN A
Publisher: Archers & Elevators Publishing House
Published:
Total Pages: 405
ISBN-13: 8194706580
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Hermann Simon
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-12-11
Total Pages: 569
ISBN-13: 3319994565
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this book, the world’s foremost experts on pricing integrate theoretical rigor and practical application to present a comprehensive resource that covers all areas of the field. This volume brings together quantitative and qualitative approaches and highlights the most current innovations in theory and practice. Going beyond the traditional constraints of “price theory” and “price policy,” the authors coined the term “price management” to represent a holistic approach to pricing strategy and tactical implementation. They remind us that the Ancient Romans used one word, pretium, to mean both price and value. This is the fundamental philosophy that drives successful price management where producer and customer meet. Featuring dozens of examples and case studies drawn from their extensive research, consulting, and teaching around the world, Simon and Fassnacht cover all aspects of pricing following the price management process with its four phases: strategy, analysis, decision, and implementation. Thereby, the authors take into account the nuances across industry sectors, including consumer goods, industrial products, services, and trade/distribution. In particular, they address the implications of technological advancements, such as the Internet and new measurement and sensor technologies that have led to a wealth of price management innovations, such as flat rates, freemium, pay-per-use, or pay-what-you-want. They also address the emergence of new price metrics, Big Data applications, two-sided price systems, negative prices, and the sharing economy, as well as emerging payment systems such as bitcoin. The result is a “bible” for leaders who recognize that price is not only a means to drive profit in the short term, but a tool to generate sustained growth in shareholder value over the longer term, and a primer for researchers, instructors, and students alike. Praise for Price Management “This book is truly state of the art and the most comprehensive work in price management.” - Prof. Philip Kotler, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University “This very important book builds an outstanding bridge between science and practice.“ - Kasper Rorsted, CEO, Adidas “This book provides practical guidelines on value creation, communication and management, which is an imperative for businesses to survive in the coming era of uncertainty.” - Dr. Chang-Gyu Hwang, Chairman and CEO, KT Corporation (Korea Telecom)
Author: P.M. Holmes
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2016-01-03
Total Pages: 177
ISBN-13: 1349029777
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Martin Chick
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2002-04-30
Total Pages: 244
ISBN-13: 9780521892537
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis is a detailed archive-based study of the economic planning of the Attlee governments, in which the author seeks to analyse the interaction between the decisions of central planners and the micro-economic effects of these decisions. Throughout the book, Martin Chick pays particular attention to the level, pattern and quality of fixed capital investment. At the same time, there is a continuous concern with the struggle between politicians, economists and industrialists over the mix of pricing mechanisms and administrative orders which were to be used in this period. This struggle permeated all discussions over matters such as the organisation of nationalised industries, the monopoly structure of nationalised industries, the allocation of resources and the promotion of higher productivity. The author also asks what impact, if any, economic planning had on the productivity performance of the UK economy.
Author: K. J. Coutts
Publisher: CUP Archive
Published: 1978-05-25
Total Pages: 172
ISBN-13: 9780521217255
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: D. Bös
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2015-12-04
Total Pages: 472
ISBN-13: 0080514707
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis clear, precisely written text presents an important branch of the modern, micro-economically based theory of industrial organization and of public finance, utilizing calculus only. Answers are provided to some pertinent economic questions, such as the pricing policies of vote-seeking politicians, of empire-building bureaucrats and of out-put-maximizing and energy-saving public utilities. These policies are compared with the welfare economic benchmark rules e.g. on marginal cost pricing and Ramsey pricing. Great significance is attached to price regulation. The book elucidates the recent replacement of rate of return regulation by price-cap regulation. It also explains why many simple rules like yardstick regulation fail to achieve optimal prices, which shows how complicated it is to induce managers to truthfully reveal their private information. How this can be achieved properly is shown in various principal-agent models on regulation with uncertain costs, uncertain demand and with soft budget constraints.