Africa’s manufacturing puzzle: Evidence from Tanzanian and Ethiopian firms
Africa’s manufacturing puzzle: Evidence from Tanzanian and Ethiopian firms

Author: Diao, Xinshen

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2021-05-06

Total Pages: 85

ISBN-13:

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Recent growth accelerations in Africa are characterized by increasing productivity in agriculture, a declining share of the labor force employed in agriculture and declining productivity in modern sectors such as manufacturing. To shed light on this puzzle, we disaggregate firms in the manufacturing sector by size using two newly created panels of manufacturing firms, one for Tanzania covering 2008-2016 and one for Ethiopia covering 1996-2017. Our analysis reveals a dichotomy between larger firms that exhibit superior productivity performance but do not expand employment much, and small firms that absorb employment but do not experience any productivity growth. We suggest the poor employment performance of large firms is related to use of capital-intensive techniques associated with global trends in technology.

Underdevelopment and Industrialization in Tanzania
Underdevelopment and Industrialization in Tanzania

Author: Justinian Rweyemamu

Publisher: Nairobi ; New York : Oxford University Press

Published: 1973

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13:

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Revised thesis on the effects of colonialism on the industrial development of Tanzania - shows how the capitalist industrial structure inherited from colonialization and perpetuated by a neo-colonial pattern of investment has produced increasing dependance on foreign technology, foreign entrepreneurs and foreign markets for output sales and input provision, etc. Bibliography pp. 249 to 264, references and statistical tables.

Industrial Development in Tanzania
Industrial Development in Tanzania

Author: Rune Skarstein

Publisher:

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13:

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Research report, industrial development, self reliance, choice of technology, Tanzania - industrialization policy, development aid, technical cooperation, technology transfer, human resources, foreign exchange, economies of scale, case studies, iron and steel industry, pulp and paper industry, role of agricultural sector, etc.

Industrial Development for the 21st Century
Industrial Development for the 21st Century

Author: David O'Connor

Publisher: Zed Books

Published: 2008-06-01

Total Pages: 452

ISBN-13: 9781848130272

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With very few exceptions, industrial development has been central to the process of structural transformation which characterises economic development. Industrial Development for the 21st century examines the new challenges and opportunities arising from globalization, technological change and new international trade rules. The first part focuses on key sectors with potential for developing countries, focussing on two key themes. First, traditional points of entry for late industrializers - like textiles and clothing - have become even more intensely competitive than ever before, requiring more innovative adaptive strategies for success. Second, countries now recognize that manufacturing does not exhaust the opportunities for producing high value-added goods and services for international markets. Knowledge intensity is increasing across all spheres of economic activity, including agriculture and services, which can offer promising development paths for some developing countries. The final section addresses social and environmental aspects of industrial development. Labour-intensive, but not necessarily other patterns of industrial development can be highly effective in poverty reduction though further industrial progress may be less labour-intensive. A range of policies can promote industrial energy and materials efficiency, often with positive impacts on firms' financial performance as well as the environment. Promoting materials recycling and reuse is an effective, if indirect means of conserving resources. Finally, the growth of multinational interest in corporate social responsibility is traced, with consideration given to both the barriers and opportunities this can pose for developing country enterprises linked to global supply chains.

Structural Transformation and Economic Development
Structural Transformation and Economic Development

Author: Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-09-13

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 1317199596

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This book examines long-term structural changes and the broad impact on economic development in regional comparative perspectives. The book analyzes data across Africa, Asia and Latin America. It looks at key variables of productivity growth, industrialization, poverty, urbanization, and employment. This book is concerned with understanding structural change dynamics and how it affects job creation, living standards, and the efficiency of productive cities through manufacturing productivity growth that benefits majority of citizens. With empirical evidence from a selected number of developing countries including China, India, Brazil, Nigeria and South Africa, the book attempts to present the considerable structural changes of these countries over the last few decades. It highlights that growth without the expected job creation is one of the distinct features of growth in emerging and developing countries. It suggests that countries may well record economic growth, whether through within sector productivity increase or through structural change, but this may not necessarily lead to employment, an important concern for long-term development.

World Development Report 2019
World Development Report 2019

Author: World Bank

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2018-10-31

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 1464813566

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Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

Made in Africa
Made in Africa

Author: Carol Newman

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2016-02-23

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 0815728166

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Why is there so little industry in Africa? Over the past forty years, industry has moved from the developed to the developing world, yet Africa’s share of global manufacturing has fallen from about 3 percent in 1970 to less than 2 percent in 2014. Industry is important to low-income countries. It is good for economic growth, job creation, and poverty reduction. Made in Africa: Learning to Compete in Industry outlines a new strategy to help African industry compete in global markets. This book draws on case studies and econometric and qualitative research from Africa and emerging Asia to understand what drives firm-level competitiveness in low-income countries. The results show that while traditional concerns such as infrastructure, skills, and the regulatory environment are important, they alone will not be sufficient for Africa to industrialize. The book also addresses how industrialization strategies will need to adapt to the region’s growing resource abundance.

Paths to the Emerging State in Asia and Africa
Paths to the Emerging State in Asia and Africa

Author: Keijiro Otsuka

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-01-16

Total Pages: 305

ISBN-13: 9811331316

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This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND license. This book addresses the issue of how a country, which was incorporated into the world economy as a periphery, could make a transition to the emerging state, capable of undertaking the task of economic development and industrialization. It offers historical and contemporary case studies of transition, as well as the international background under which such a transition was successfully made (or delayed), by combining the approaches of economic history and development economics. Its aim is to identify relevant historical contexts, that is, the ‘initial conditions’ and internal and external forces which governed the transition. It also aims to understand what current low-income developing countries require for their transition. Three economic driving forces for the transition are identified. They are: (1) labor-intensive industrialization, which offers ample employment opportunities for labor force; (2) international trade, which facilitates efficient international division of labor; and (3) agricultural development, which improves food security by increasing supply of staple foods. The book presents a bold account of each driver for the transition.

Industries Without Smokestacks
Industries Without Smokestacks

Author: Richard S. Newfarmer

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 472

ISBN-13: 0198821883

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A study prepared by the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)