Indoctrinability, Ideology, and Warfare
Indoctrinability, Ideology, and Warfare

Author: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 520

ISBN-13: 9781571819239

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Violent ethno-nationalist conflicts continue to mar the history of the twentieth century; yet no satisfactory answer as to why humans are susceptible to indoctrination by ideologies leading to inter-group hostility has thus far been found. This volume brings together an international team of leading scientists to address this complex issue from disciplines as diverse as anthropology, psychology, psychobiology, sociology, philosophy, ethology, sociology, and political science. Treating the processes of indoctrination as a biological phenomenon with physiological and psychological aspects, these essays explore the answers to this pressing question in humanity's evolutionary past.

From Tax Populism to Ethnic Nationalism
From Tax Populism to Ethnic Nationalism

Author: Jens Rydgren

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 158

ISBN-13: 9781845452186

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During the last 15-20 years a new party family of radical right-wing populism (RRP) has emerged in Western Europe, consisting of parties such as the French Front National and the Austrian Freedom's Party, among many others. Contrary to the situation in the other Scandinavian countries, such parties have been largely unsuccessful in Sweden. Although Sweden saw the emergence of the populist party New Democracy - which partly can be classified as a RRP party - in the early 1990s, it collapsed in 1994, and no party has so far been successful enough to take its place. Most of the literature on populism and right-wing extremism deals with successful cases; this book takes the opposite direction and asks how one can explain the failure of Swedish radical right-wing populism.

Rampart Nations
Rampart Nations

Author: Dr. Liliya Berezhnaya

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2019-03-11

Total Pages: 416

ISBN-13: 1789201489

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The “bulwark” or antemurale myth—whereby a region is imagined as a defensive barrier against a dangerous Other—has been a persistent strand in the development of Eastern European nationalisms. While historical studies of the topic have typically focused on clashes and overlaps between sociocultural and religious formations, Rampart Nations delves deeper to uncover the mutual transfers and multi-sided national and interconfessional conflicts that helped to spread bulwark myths through Europe’s eastern periphery over several centuries. Ranging from art history to theology to political science, this volume offers new ways of understanding the political, social, and religious forces that continue to shape identity in Eastern Europe.

The Sociology of War and Violence
The Sociology of War and Violence

Author: Siniša Malešević

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-06-10

Total Pages: 375

ISBN-13: 1139488597

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War is a highly complex and dynamic form of social conflict. This book demonstrates the importance of using sociological tools to understand the changing character of war and organised violence. The author offers an original analysis of the historical and contemporary impact that coercion and warfare have on the transformation of social life, and vice versa. Although war and violence were decisive components in the formation of modernity most analyses tend to shy away from the sociological study of the gory origins of contemporary social life. In contrast, this book brings the study of organised violence to the fore by providing a wide-ranging sociological analysis that links classical and contemporary theories with specific historical and geographical contexts. Topics covered include violence before modernity, warfare in the modern age, nationalism and war, war propaganda, battlefield solidarity, war and social stratification, gender and organised violence, and the new wars debate.

The Parasite-Stress Theory of Values and Sociality
The Parasite-Stress Theory of Values and Sociality

Author: Randy Thornhill

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-07-17

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13: 3319080407

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This book develops and tests an ecological and evolutionary theory of the causes of human values—the core beliefs that guide people’s cognition and behavior—and their variation across time and space around the world. We call this theory the parasite-stress theory of values or the parasite-stress theory of sociality. The evidence we present in our book indicates that both a wide span of human affairs and major aspects of human cultural diversity can be understood in light of variable parasite (infectious disease) stress and the range of value systems evoked by variable parasite stress. The same evidence supports the hypothesis that people have psychological adaptations that function to adopt values dependent upon local infectious-disease adversity. The authors have identified key variables, variation in infectious disease adversity and in the core values it evokes, for understanding these topics and in novel and encompassing ways. Although the human species is the focus in the book, evidence presented in the book shows that the parasite-stress theory of sociality informs other topics in ecology and evolutionary biology such as variable family organization and speciation processes and biological diversity in general in non-human animals.

Evolutionary Theory and Ethnic Conflict
Evolutionary Theory and Ethnic Conflict

Author: Patrick James

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2001-08-30

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 0313074674

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James and Goetze bring together contributors of varied backgrounds, ranging from evolutionary theorists to game theorists to analysts of specific ethnic conflict. Their work represents a coherent attempt at evaluating the usefulness of evolutionary theories for explaining ethnic phenomena and demonstrates how these theories can be applied in attempts to elucidate real-world behaviors. This study found that kinship theory that posits evolved dispositions to form cooperative bonds with family, ethnic groups and other social groups may go a long way in accounting for the formation of ethnic groups. Also, ingroup-outgroup theory may contribute to understanding how group conflict commences. Likewise, the description of evolved mechanisms for discerning threat, for building reputations, and for recognizing individuals, groups, and states as possible cooperators and long-term allies may facilitate explanation of the outbreak and avoidance of group conflicts. This also may explain the design of conscious strategies for conflict prevention and resolution. Nonetheless, several contributors take a more critical stance and offer ample reason why building these explanations may prove elusive or at least troublesome given the complex character of human societies. This work is a provocative resource for scholars, students, and other researchers involved with ethnicity and ethnic conflict, international relations, social psychology, and social anthropology.

Ethnic Conflict and Indoctrination
Ethnic Conflict and Indoctrination

Author: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 516

ISBN-13: 9781571817662

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Violent ethno-nationalist conflicts continue to mar the history of the current century, yet no satisfactory answer to the question of why humans are susceptible to indoctrination by ideologies that lead to inter-group hostility has so far been found. In this volume an international team of leading scientists from many different fields approach this complex issue from a biological perspective, treating indoctrinability as a predisposition that has its roots in humanity's evolutionary past.

Risky Transactions
Risky Transactions

Author: Frank K. Salter

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2002-07

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 1571813195

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Trust is a central feature of relationships within the Mafia, oppressed minorities, kin groups everywhere, among dissidents, nationalist freedom fighters, ethnic tourists, ethnic middlemen, exchange networks of Kalahari Bushmen, and families subjected to Stalinist social control. Each of these types of trust is examined by a leading scholar and compared with the expectations of neo-Darwinian theory, in particular the theories of kin selection and ethnic nepotism. The result is a fascinating, theoretically focused yet empirically eclectic contribution to the overlapping fields of human ethnology, evolutionary psychology, and bio-politics. The common thread uniting these diverse phenomena is a trusting relationship predicated on altruism. Chapters examine the strengths and limits of human trust under various stressers and temptations to defect. By exploring the relationship between kin and ethnic altruism and showing its sensitivity to culture, Risky Transactions recasts the evolutionary approach to ethnicity as a blend of primordial and instrumental factors.

Welfare, Ethnicity and Altruism
Welfare, Ethnicity and Altruism

Author: Frank Salter

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-03-07

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 1135772320

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Welfare, Ethnicity, and Altruism applies the controversial theory of 'Ethnic Nepotism', first formulated by Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt and Pierre van den Berghe, to the modern welfare state (both are authors in this volume). This theory states that ethnic groups resemble large families whose members are prone to cooperate due to 'kin altruism'. Recent empirical findings in economics and political science offer confirmatory evidence. The book presents two separate studies that compare welfare expenditures around the world, both indicating that the more ethnically mixed a population becomes, the greater is its resistance to redistributive policies. These results point to profound inconsistencies within ideologies of both left and right regarding ethnicity.

Body Psychotherapy: History, Concepts, and Methods
Body Psychotherapy: History, Concepts, and Methods

Author: Michel Heller

Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Published: 2012-08-14

Total Pages: 871

ISBN-13: 0393706699

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From yoga to neuroscience, a tour of major ideas about the body and mind. Body psychotherapy, which examines the relationship of bodily and physical experiences to emotional and psychological experiences, seems at first glance to be a relatively new area and on the cutting edge of psychotherapeutic theory and practice. It is, but the major concepts of body/mind treatment are actually drawn from a wide range of historical material, material that spans centuries and continents. Here, in a massively comprehensive book, Michael Heller summarizes all the major concepts, thinkers, and movements whose work has led to the creation of the field we now know as body/mind psychotherapy. The book covers everything from Eastern and Western thought—beginning with yoga and Taosim and moving to Plato and Descartes. It also discusses major developments in biology—how organisms are defined—and neuroscience. This is truly a comprehensive reference for anyone interested in the origins of the idea that the mind and body are not separate and that both must be understood together in order to understand people and their behavior.