Benjamin Hawkins, Indian Agent
Benjamin Hawkins, Indian Agent

Author: Merritt B. Pound

Publisher: University of Georgia Press

Published: 2009-08-01

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 0820334510

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Published in 1951, Benjamin Hawkins, Indian Agent examines the social and diplomatic work of Hawkins, a congressman from North Carolina who served as a mediator between the states and Native Americans until his death in 1816. Hawkins worked to lessen the constant tension between the frontier states and the Indian nations and to increase agriculture in order to settle Native Americans to the land. Washington, Jefferson, Adams, and other national figures recognized in Hawkins the ability to navigate Indian and state negotiations. Hawkins's fairness earned him respect among the Cherokees, Creeks, and other tribes. Such fairness also created enemies among the land-hungry frontier states, which continually strived for Indian removal. More than anyone else, Hawkins was responsible for the policy of Indian relations between the treaty of Paris in 1783 and the end of the War of 1812.

Prairie Man
Prairie Man

Author: Norman E. Matteoni

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2015-06-16

Total Pages: 393

ISBN-13: 1442244763

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One week after the infamous June 1876 Battle of the Little Big Horn, when news of the defeat of General George Armstrong Custer and his 7th Cavalry troops reached the American public, Sitting Bull became the most wanted hostile Indian in America. He had resisted the United States’ intrusions into Lakota prairie land for years, refused to sign treaties, and called for a gathering of tribes at Little Big Horn. He epitomized resistance. Sitting Bull’s role at Little Big Horn has been the subject of hundreds of historical works, but while Sitting Bull was in fact present, he did not engage in the battle. The conflict with Custer was a benchmark to the subsequent events. There are other battles than those of war, and the conflict between Sitting Bull and Indian Agent James McLaughlin was one of those battles. Theirs was a fight over the hearts and minds of the Lakota. U.S. Government policy toward Native Americans after Little Big Horn was to give them a makeover as Americans after finally and firmly displacing them from their lands. They were to be reconstituted as Christian, civilized and made farmers. Sitting Bull, when forced to accept reservation life, understood who was in control, but his view of reservation life was very different from that of the Indian Bureau and its agents. His people’s birth right was their native heritage and culture. Although redrawn by the Government, he believed that the prairie land still held a special meaning of place for the Lakota. Those in power dictated a contrary view – with the closing of the frontier, the Indian was challenged to accept the white road or vanish, in the case of the Lakota, that position was given personification in the form of Agent James McLaughlin. This book explores the story within their conflict and offers new perspectives and insights.

Indian Agent
Indian Agent

Author: Jack Jackson

Publisher: Texas A&M University Press

Published: 2005-07-27

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 1585444448

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How can the life of one relatively unknown man change our understanding of Texas history and the American West? Peter Ellis Bean, a fairly minor but fascinating character, casts unexpected light on conflicts, famous characters, and events from the time of Mexican rule through the years of the Republic. Bean’s role in Mexico’s revolution against Spain and his service as an agent of the Mexican government, especially as Indian agent in eastern Texas, provide an unusually vivid picture of Mexican Texas, as well as new information about the Indians in his region. More explosively, Jackson’s research on Bean’s career as Indian agent casts doubt on the traditional characterization of Sam Houston as a friend to the Texas Indians. Bean’s career shows Houston as a rival for the loyalty of the Indians during Texas’ rebellion against Mexico, a rival who made false promises for military and political gain. After Texas independence, Bean acquired vast lands in Texas, at one point holding more than 100,000 acres. A good citizen and a good businessman, involved with real estate, sawmills, salt works, agriculture, and stock raising, he was also a bigamist. Meticulously researched, dramatically written, and embodying a unique understanding of Mexican Texas, Jack Jackson’s chronicle of Peter Ellis Bean not only rescues him from relative obscurity but also corrects key aspects of the history in which he was involved and brings to life an era more often consigned to myth.

Assimilation's Agent
Assimilation's Agent

Author: Edwin L. Chalcraft

Publisher: U of Nebraska Press

Published: 2004-01-01

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 9780803215160

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Assimilation?s Agent reveals the life and opinions of Edwin L. Chalcraft (1855?1943), a superintendent in the federal Indian boarding schools during the critical periodøof forced assimilation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Chalcraft was hired by the Office of Indian Affairs (now known as the Bureau of Indian Affairs) in 1883. During his nearly four decades of service, he worked at a number of Indian boarding schools and agencies, including the Chehalis Indian School in Oakville, Washington; Puyallup Indian School in Tacoma, Washington; Chemawa Indian School in Salem, Oregon; Wind River Indian School in Wind River, Wyoming; Jones Male Academy in Hartshorne, Oklahoma; and Siletz Indian Agency in Oregon. In this memoir Chalcraft discusses the Grant peace policy, the inspection system, allotment, the treatment of tuberculosis, corporal punishment, alcoholism, and patronage. Extensive coverage is also given to the Indian Shaker Church and the government?s response to this perceived threat to assimilation. Assimilation?s Agent illuminates the sometimes treacherous political maneuverings and difficult decisions faced by government officials at Indian boarding schools. It offers a rarely heard and today controversial "top-down" view of government policies to educate and assimilate Indians. Drawing on a large collection of unpublished letters and documents, Cary C. Collins?s introduction and notes furnish important historical background and context. Assimilation?s Agent illustrates the government's long-term program for dealing with Native peoples and the shortcomings of its approach during one of the most consequential eras in the long and often troubled history of American Indian and white relations.

Experiences of a Special Indian Agent
Experiences of a Special Indian Agent

Author: Eugene E. White

Publisher:

Published: 1965

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13:

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Lawyer, journalist, and Indian agent -- these were the occupations of Eugene Elliot White. The first gave him valuable training, the second brought him bankruptcy, and the third, excitement and adventure. At the age of thirty-one White was appointed in 1885 a special agent by the Office of Indian Affairs, and after a short training period was sent as temporary agent to the North Carolina Cherokees. Later he served as special agent to reservations in the West and Southwest, whose tribes included the Utes, Osages, Kaws, Comanches, Kiowas, and others. As special agent, White inspected the Indian agencies and sent reports to the Indian Bureau in Washington concerning efficiency, accounting practices, and other matters relating to the agencies. Occasionally he was temporarily put in charge of an agency to fill a vacancy, which existed, more often than not, as the result of impending trouble. On one of these appointments, for example, he arrived to find hostile Utes making ready to massacre the agency employees and nearby ranchers. This situation, like many others that he was likely to meet, required delicate handling. White's account of his experiences, first published in 1893 and long out of print, is a sparking narrative generously sprinkled with anecdotes and amusing incidents -- Book jacket.

The Silver Man
The Silver Man

Author: Peter Shrake

Publisher: Wisconsin Historical Society

Published: 2016-04-11

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 0870207407

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In The Silver Man, readers witness the dramatic changes that swept the Wisconsin frontier in the early and mid-1800s, through the life of Indian agent John Kinzie. From the War of 1812 and the monopoly of the American Fur Company, to the Black Hawk War and the forced removal of thousands of Ho-Chunk people from their native lands--John Kinzie's experience gives us a front-row seat to a pivotal time in the history of the American Midwest.

Indian Agent
Indian Agent

Author: Rod Scurlock

Publisher: AuthorHouse

Published: 2015-03-25

Total Pages: 173

ISBN-13: 1504901290

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GETTING A SPEAR THROUGH HIS THIGH IN A HAND TO HAND BATTLE WITH A RENEGADE INDIAN, ARMY SCOUT, TOM COLTER WAS UNABLE TO RIDE AND WAS ASSIGNED TO HERD THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY CAPTIVE INDIANS TO A DESIGNATED SITE ON WHICH TO ESTABLISH A RESERVATION HE ALSO WAS CHARGED WITH KEEPING THEM ON THE RESERVATION WITH ONLY THIRTY SOLDIERS, GET THEM HOUSED BEFORE WINTER, AND BE PREPARED TO WITHSTAND ANOTHER RAID BY THE INFAMOUS BROKEN NOSE AND HIS RENEGADES.

The Indian Agent
The Indian Agent

Author: Dan O'Brien

Publisher: U of Nebraska Press

Published: 2011-03-01

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 0803235887

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Dan O'Brien's novel The Contract Surgeon introduced readers to Valentine McGillycuddy, a friend of the great war chief Crazy Horse. Through McGillycuddy's eyes, the novel recounted the friendship that so deeply impacted history. It also chronicled the great Sioux Wars, one of the most violent periods in this nation's history. After Crazy Horse's death, McGillycuddy went on to become the youngest agent in history for the Red Cloud Agency, renamed the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, of the Oglala Lakota band of the Sioux. Although Red Cloud and McGillycuddy have diametrically opposing views, they have more in common than either suspects. They both love the land, and they both love the past. The politics and the enormous tensions of the early days on the reservation come to life here as McGillycuddy (known as "the most investigated man" in the government) urges the Sioux to adopt a life of farming. Because he had lived on the vast plains with them, no white man knew better what the Sioux had given up -- or understood more fully the impossibility of returning to the old life.

Broken Hand
Broken Hand

Author: LeRoy R. Hafen

Publisher: U of Nebraska Press

Published: 1981-01-01

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 9780803272088

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Known by the Indians as "Broken Hand," Thomas Fitzpatrick was a trapper and a trailblazer who became the head of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company. With Jedediah Smith he led the trapper band that discovered South Pass; he then shepherded the first two emigrant wagon trains to Oregon, was official guide to Fremont on his longest expedition, and guided Colonel Phil Kearny and his Dragoons along the westward trails to impress the Indians with howitzers and swords. Fitzpatrick negotiated the Fort Laramie treaty of 1851 at the largest council of Plains Indians ever assembled. Among the most colorful of mountain men, Fitzpatrick was also party to many of the most important events in the opening of the West.