A Systematic Approach to Identifying Traffic Safety Needs and Intervention Programs for Indiana Volume I-Research Report
A Systematic Approach to Identifying Traffic Safety Needs and Intervention Programs for Indiana Volume I-Research Report

Author: Andrew Tarko

Publisher:

Published: 2014-12-15

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781622603176

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This report presents the results of JTRP Project: "A Systematic Approach of Identifying Safety Intervention Programs for Indiana (SNIP2)," which aimed to develop SNIP2 to support identification of roads that have excessive crashes of the types defined by the user. In addition, this tool is capable of selecting the best combination of high-crash roads and relevant safety interventions that maximizes the safety benefits and keeps the total cost within the budget and other user-defined constraints.Unlike other studies considering the implementation time of safety projects, the optimization objective of SNIP2 is to identify an optimal combination of countermeasures renewable within a long time horizon. This simplification is accomplished by representing the projects through their annualized costs and benefits. It allows consideration of many projects for large road networks and it makes the SNIP2 suitable for identification of safety focus areas in strategic safety plans. The SNIP optimizer--an heuristic approximation of a large-size mixed integer knapsack problem based on a greedy search was extensively tested and evaluated. It was found producing optimal or near-optimal solutions in a sufficiently short time. Another research result is a comprehensive catalog of countermeasures for Indiana--a list of countermeasure names, road and crash conditions for the countermeasure relevance, corresponding crash modification factors, and countermeasure costs.The SNIP2 is computer software developed with close collaboration with the INDOT future users. It includes an updated crash and state road database. A user's manual describes on the necessary details of the software and various aspects of its use. Two example studies are also included in the manual to illustrate its use and to better presents the SNIP2 features.

A Systematic Approach to Identifying Traffic Safety Needs and Intervention Programs for Indiana Volume II-SNIP2 User Manual
A Systematic Approach to Identifying Traffic Safety Needs and Intervention Programs for Indiana Volume II-SNIP2 User Manual

Author: Andrew Tarko

Publisher:

Published: 2014-12-15

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781622603190

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This report presents the results of JTRP Project: "A Systematic Approach of Identifying Safety Intervention Programs for Indiana (SNIP2)," which aimed to develop SNIP2 to support identification of roads that have excessive crashes of the types defined by the user. In addition, this tool is capable of selecting the best combination of high-crash roads and relevant safety interventions that maximizes the safety benefits and keeps the total cost within the budget and other user-defined constraints.Unlike other studies considering the implementation time of safety projects, the optimization objective of SNIP2 is to identify an optimal combination of countermeasures renewable within a long time horizon. This simplification is accomplished by representing the projects through their annualized costs and benefits. It allows consideration of many projects for large road networks and it makes the SNIP2 suitable for identification of safety focus areas in strategic safety plans. The SNIP optimizer'an heuristic approximation of a large-size mixed integer knapsack problem based on a greedy search was extensively tested and evaluated. It was found producing optimal or near-optimal solutions in a sufficiently short time. Another research result is a comprehensive catalog of countermeasures for Indiana'a list of countermeasure names, road and crash conditions for the countermeasure relevance, corresponding crash modification factors, and countermeasure costs.The SNIP2 is computer software developed with close collaboration with the INDOT future users. It includes an updated crash and state road database. A user's manual describes on the necessary details of the software and various aspects of its use. Two example studies are also included in the manual to illustrate its use and to better presents the SNIP2 features.

Indentifying Traffic Safety Needs - a Systematic Approach
Indentifying Traffic Safety Needs - a Systematic Approach

Author: Andrew P. Tarko

Publisher: Purdue University Press

Published: 2012-02-12

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 9781622600212

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The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) manages road safety in Indiana through safety emphasis areas, identification of safety needs within these areas, and development and implementation of transportation interventions that address the safety needs. Indiana applies system-wide performance screening to state roads using the somewhat limited, non-integrated tools available to date. A site-specific countermeasure development and evaluation process (scoring) is being used to determine essential project intent and merit or cost-effectiveness. This project addresses the need for a unifying approach to data-driven identification of safety emphasis areas and safety improvement projects via a systematic evaluation of safety needs in the Indiana road network. Such a method must utilize a database that integrates the Indiana state network, traffic, road inventory, and crash data. A method for safety screening of state roads in Indiana was developed with the following screening tasks in mind: (1) Identifying high crash locations (segments, intersection, ramps and bridges), corridors, and areas in terms of high crash frequency, crash rate, or proportion of a particular crash type. (2) Facilitating program-based screening (e.g., shoulder widening, median improvement). (3) Facilitating special programs and projects (e.g., five percent report). In order to ensure the versatility of screening tasks and the data maintenance, four components were included in the screening tool: (1) data management, (2) standard screening, (3) roads clustering and special studies, (4) results presentation.

Guide for Quantitative Approaches to Systemic Safety Analysis
Guide for Quantitative Approaches to Systemic Safety Analysis

Author: Darren J. Torbic

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780309673556

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Traditional approaches to safety have focused on identifying high-crash locations and implementing projects to address predominant concerns at these locations. The systemic approach to safety is a method of safety management that typically involves lower unit cost safety improvements that are widely implemented based on high risk factors. The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 955: Guide for Quantitative Approaches to Systemic Safety Analysis provides guidance to state departments of transportation (DOTs) and other transportation agencies on how to apply a systemic safety management approach for identifying safety improvement projects. Material associated with the report includes NCHRP Web-Only Document 285: Developing a Guide for Quantitative Approaches to Systemic Safety Analysis and a PowerPoint of the summary of project findings and future research needs.

Traffic Safety Culture
Traffic Safety Culture

Author: Nicholas John Ward

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing

Published: 2019-04-12

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 1787432491

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This book provides traffic safety researchers and practitioners with an international and multi-disciplinary compendium of theoretical and methodological concepts relevant to the research and application of Traffic Safety Culture aiming towards a vision of zero traffic fatalities.

Designing Safe Road Systems
Designing Safe Road Systems

Author: Jan Theeuwes

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-09-18

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 1317152131

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Many books focus on individual differences and how those relate to traffic safety such as accident proneness, gender differences, age, alcohol, and the effects of drugs. Others focus on the safety effects regarding the vehicle such as airbags, anti-lock brakes, navigation systems, intelligent cruise control and other new gadgets coming to the vehicle. Even though these topics are undoubtedly important for traffic safety, this book takes a unique approach as it focuses solely on the road environment. Designing Safe Road Systems provides the background for those who want to know more about the effects of road design on driving behaviour. It uses a systems approach to allow a better understanding of why and in what circumstances drivers may commit errors. This understanding will ultimately lead to road systems that prevent (fatal) errors from occurring. The book contains an overview of the current models and theories about human performance and human behaviour in traffic that are relevant for all those involved in designing safe road systems. The central theme of this book is how design principles can reduce the probability of an error while driving. The authors demonstrate how knowledge of human factors helps a road authority to better understand how road users behave. They argue that in many cases the design of the environment can be further adjusted to human capabilities, and that safety should be considered a system property to be built into the road system.

Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health, and Highway Safety
Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health, and Highway Safety

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2016-09-12

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 0309392527

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There are approximately 4,000 fatalities in crashes involving trucks and buses in the United States each year. Though estimates are wide-ranging, possibly 10 to 20 percent of these crashes might have involved fatigued drivers. The stresses associated with their particular jobs (irregular schedules, etc.) and the lifestyle that many truck and bus drivers lead, puts them at substantial risk for insufficient sleep and for developing short- and long-term health problems. Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health and Highway Safety assesses the state of knowledge about the relationship of such factors as hours of driving, hours on duty, and periods of rest to the fatigue experienced by truck and bus drivers while driving and the implications for the safe operation of their vehicles. This report evaluates the relationship of these factors to drivers' health over the longer term, and identifies improvements in data and research methods that can lead to better understanding in both areas.

Spatial Analysis Methods of Road Traffic Collisions
Spatial Analysis Methods of Road Traffic Collisions

Author: Becky P. Y. Loo

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2015-09-21

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 1439874131

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Examine the Prevalence and Geography of Road CollisionsSpatial Analysis Methods of Road Traffic Collisions centers on the geographical nature of road crashes, and uses spatial methods to provide a greater understanding of the patterns and processes that cause them. Written by internationally known experts in the field of transport geography, the bo

Traffic Safety
Traffic Safety

Author: George Yannis

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2016-06-15

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 1119307848

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Transport systems are facing an impossible dilemma: satisfy an increasing demand for mobility of people and goods, while decreasing their fossil-energy requirements and preserving the environment. Additionally, transport has an opportunity to evolve in a changing world, with new services, technologies but also new requirements (fast delivery, reliability, improved accessibility). The subject of traffic is organized into two separate but complementary volumes: Volume 3 on Traffic Management and Volume 4 on Traffic Safety. Traffic Safety, Volume 4 of the Research for Innovative Transports Set, presents a collection of updated papers from the TRA 2014 Conference, highlighting the diversity of research in this field. Theoretical chapters and practical case studies address topics such as road safety management and policies, accident analysis and modeling, vulnerable road users' safety, road infrastructure safety, ITS and railway safety.