This book, IGNOU MCS-202: Computer Organisation Previous Years Unsolved Papers, serves as a valuable resource for students preparing for their examinations. It brings together a collection of unsolved question papers from previous years, allowing students to practice and assess their knowledge on a variety of topics. The unsolved format is aimed at promoting self-assessment and critical thinking, encouraging students to apply the concepts they have learned throughout the course.
This book, IGNOU MCS-203: Operating System Previous Years Unsolved Papers, has been compiled to provide students with an invaluable resource for their exam preparation. It brings together a collection of previous years' unsolved question papers, offering students the opportunity to practice, assess their knowledge, and develop problem-solving strategies. These unsolved papers are an excellent way to strengthen the understanding of operating system fundamentals and prepare for the types of questions likely to appear in exams.
The purpose of this book is to provide students with a practical tool to prepare for their exams more effectively. IGNOU’s open and distance learning model demands a high level of self-discipline and independent study. As such, practicing with previous years' papers can significantly enhance students' understanding of key concepts and improve their performance in exams. By solving these papers, students can evaluate their readiness, identify areas that require more focus, and become comfortable with the exam pattern and question formats. The unsolved nature of the papers is particularly beneficial, as it challenges students to think critically and develop their own solutions. This approach promotes active learning and reinforces theoretical knowledge through practical application.
The Book has been carefully curated to serve as an essential resource for students enrolled in the Post Graduate Diploma in Computer Applications (PGDCA) program at IGNOU. This book is a comprehensive compilation of previous years' theory papers for all Semester 1 subjects, designed to offer students a practical and thorough preparation tool for their exams.
Arguing that excluded and marginalized social groups should benefit from the growth of international higher education, Origins, Journeys and Returns reports on the development and impact of the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP) which is designed to further social justice in some of the world's poorest, most populous, and most unequal countries. Extending opportunities for advanced education to individuals from marginalized communities has a significant impact that transcends individual beneficiaries. In 2001, the Ford Foundation began to dedicate substantial resources toward providing disadvantaged groups with postgraduate education, a process that gave hope to many. Fellows' academic success challenged presumptions about the disadvantaged and their ability to benefit from educational opportunities in prestigious international universities. Alumni have also exhibited a deep dedication to their communities, proving there is a collective return on investing in individuals. In some regions, IFP practices have modified institutional practices in universities and other fellowship programs. Through case studies of seven countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, Origins, Journeys and Returns shows how nuanced approaches to defining the disadvantaged, along with flexible, local implementation of global program goals can actually counter "brain drain" and empower individuals to effect social change at home.
From the reviews: "...A class in nanoscale science and technology is daunting for the educator, who must organize a large collection of materials to cover the field, and for the student, who must absorb all the new concepts. This textbook is an excellent resource that allows students from any engineering background to quickly understand the foundations and exciting advances of the field. The example problems with answers and the long list of references in each chapter are a big plus for course tutors. The book is organized into seven sections. The first, nanoscale fabrication and characterization, covers nanolithography, self-assembly, and scanning probe microscopy. Of these, we enjoyed the section on nanolithography most, as it includes many interesting details from industrial manufacturing processes. The chapter on self-assembly also provides an excellent overview by introducing six types of intermolecular interactions and the ways these can be employed to fabricate nanostructures. The second section covers nanomaterials and nanostructures. Out of its 110 pages, 45 are devoted to carbon nanotubes. Fullerenes and quantum dots each have their own chapter that focuses on the properties and applications of these nanostructures. Nanolayer, nanowire, and nanoparticle composites of metals and semiconductors are briefly covered (just 12 pages), with slightly more discussion of specific applications. The section on nanoscale electronics begins with a history of microelectronics before discussing the difficulties in shrinking transistor size further. The discussion of problems (leakage current, hot electrons, doping fluctuations, etc.) and possible solutions (high- k dielectrics, double-gate devices) could easily motivate deeper discussions of nanoscale electrical transport. A chapter on molecular electronics considers transport through alkanes, molecular transistors, and DNA in a simple, qualitative manner we found highly instructive. Nanoscale magnetic systems are examined in the fourth section. The concept of quantum computation is nicely presented, although the discussion of how this can be achieved with controlled spin states is (perhaps necessarily) not clear. We found the chapter on magnetic storage to be one of the most lucid in the book. The giant magnetoresistive effect, operation of spin valves, and issues in magnetic scaling are easier to understand when placed in the context of the modern magnetic hard disk drive. Micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems are covered with an emphasis on the integration of sensing, computation, and communication. Here, the student can see advanced applications of lithography. The sixth section, nanoscale optoelectronics, describes quantum dots, organic optoelectronics, and photonic crystals. The chapter on organic optoelectronics is especially clear in its discussion of the fundamentals of this complicated field. The book concludes with an overview of nanobiotechnology that covers biomimetics, biomolecular motors, and nanofluidics. Because so many authors have contributed to this textbook, it suffers a bit from repetition. However, this also allows sections to be omitted without any adverse effect on student comprehension. We would have liked to see more technology to balance the science; apart from the chapters on lithography and magnetic storage, little more than an acknowledgment is given to commercial applications. Overall, this book serves as an excellent starting point for the study of nanoscale science and technology, and we recommend it to anyone with a modest scientific background. It is also a great vehicle to motivate the study of science at a time when interest is waning. Nanotechnology educators should look no further." (MATERIALS TODAY, June 2005)
In age of modern technology environment the book Contemporary Marketing Management: Strategies and Practices covers all aspects of marketing practices. Though the traditional marketing practices are still vibrant in the market, the contemporary marketing holds better scope in future. Online marketing is an area that is ready for more expansion of usage and extension of technology. The paradigm shift from traditional to modern marketing is a key factor based on three shifts namely, (i) Technological shift Growth from old to new technology, (Telemarketing to Email marketing), (ii) Conceptual shift Marketing to Integrated marketing, & (iii) Techno-conceptual database marketing which uses technology to conceptualize marketing. This book deals with contemporary practices in two categories namely ethical and unethical. There is a thin line of difference while detailing ethical and unethical practices. The subtle difference is often crossed with the help of creativity. Multi level marketing is considered as ethical in few countries and unethical in some other countries. Certain concepts overlap, and where staunch differentiation is so difficult such as Viral and Buzz marketing, though the same has been used in an interchangeable way.
Global society in the 21st century is facing challenges of improving the quality of air, water, soil and the environment and maintaining the ecological balance. Environmental pollution, thus, has become a major global concern. The modern growth of industrialization, urbanization, modern agricultural development and energy generation has resulted in the indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources for fulfilling human desires and needs, which has contributed in disturbing the ecological balance on which the quality of our environment depends. Human beings, in the truest sense, are the product of their environment. The man-environment relationship indicates that pollution and deterioration of the environment have a social origin. The modern technological advancements in chemical processes/operations have generated new products, resulting in new pollutants in such abundant levels that they are above the self-cleaning capacity of the environment. One of the major issues in recent times is the threat tohuman lives due to the progressive deterioration of the environment from various sources. The impact of the pollutants on the environment will be significant when the accumulated pollutants load will exceed the carrying capacity of the receiving environment. Sustainable development envisages the use of natural resources, such as forests, land, water and fisheries, in a sustainable manner without causing changes in our natural world. The Rio de Janeiro-Earth Summit, held in Brazil in 1992, focused on sustainable development to encourage respect and concern for the use of natural resources in a sustainable manner for the protection of the environment. This book will be beneficial as a source of educational material to post-graduate research scholars, teachers and industrial personnel for maintaining the balance in the use of natural sources for sustainable development.
Operating System Concepts continues to provide a solid theoretical foundation for understanding operating systems. The 8th Edition Update includes more coverage of the most current topics in the rapidly changing fields of operating systems and networking, including open-source operating systems. The use of simulators and operating system emulators is incorporated to allow operating system operation demonstrations and full programming projects. The text also includes improved conceptual coverage and additional content to bridge the gap between concepts and actual implementations. New end-of-chapter problems, exercises, review questions, and programming exercises help to further reinforce important concepts, while WileyPLUS continues to motivate students and offer comprehensive support for the material in an interactive format.
