HVAC - Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Systems
HVAC - Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Systems

Author: A. Bhatia

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2014-12-06

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13: 9781505394047

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VRF (Variable refrigerant flow) is an air-condition system configuration where there is one outdoor condensing unit and multiple indoor units. The term variable refrigerant flow (VRF) refers to the ability of the system to control the amount of refrigerant flowing to the multiple evaporators (indoor units), enabling the use of many evaporators of differing capacities and configurations connected to single condensing unit. The arrangement provides an individualized comfort control, and simultaneous heating and cooling in different zones. Currently widely applied in large buildings especially in Japan and Europe, these systems are just starting to be introduced in the U.S. The VRF technology/system was developed and designed by Daikin Industries, Japan who named and protected the term variable refrigerant volume (VRV) system so other manufacturers use the term VRF "variable refrigerant flow". In essence both are same. With a higher efficiency and increased controllability, the VRF system can help achieve a sustainable design. Unfortunately, the design of VRF systems is more complicated and requires additional work compared to designing a conventional direct expansion (DX) system. This 3 -hour quick book provides an overview of VRF system technology. Emphasis is placed on the control principles, terminology, basic components, advantages and design limitations. This course is aimed at the personnel who have some limited background in the air conditioning field and is suitable for mechanical, electrical, controls and HVAC engineers, architects, building designers, contractors, estimators, energy auditors and facility managers.The course includes a multiple-choice quiz consisting of fifteen (15) questions at the end. Learning ObjectiveAt the conclusion of this course, the reader will: * Understand the difference between multi-split air conditioning system and VRF systems;* Understand the operating principle of direct expansion split and VRF system;* Understand the concept of thermal zone;* Understand how VRF with heat recovery are different from ordinary heat pump systems;* Understand the operation of thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) and electronic expansion valve (EEV);* Understand the influence of building characteristics and load profile on selection of VRF system;* Learn the advantages and application of VRF systems;* Understand the design limitations and challenges in design of VRF systems.

Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps
Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps

Author: G F Hundy

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2016-03-07

Total Pages: 512

ISBN-13: 0081006667

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Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps, Fifth Edition, provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and practice of refrigeration. Clear and comprehensive, it is suitable for both trainee and professional HVAC engineers, with a straightforward approach that also helps inexperienced readers gain a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of the technology. With its concise style and broad scope, the book covers most of the equipment and applications professionals will encounter. The simplicity of the descriptions helps users understand, specify, commission, use, and maintain these systems. It is a must-have text for anyone who needs thorough, foundational information on refrigeration and air conditioning, but without textbook pedagogy. It includes detailed technicalities or product-specific information. New material to this edition includes the latest developments in refrigerants and lubricants, together with updated information on compressors, heat exchangers, liquid chillers, electronic expansion valves, controls, and cold storage. In addition, efficiency, environmental impact, split systems, retail refrigeration (supermarket systems and cold rooms), industrial systems, fans, air infiltration, and noise are also included. - Full theoretical and practical treatment of current issues and trends in refrigeration and air conditioning technology - Meets the needs of industry practitioners and system designers who need a rigorous, but accessible reference to the latest developments in refrigeration and AC that is supported by coverage at a level not found in typical course textbooks - New edition features updated content on refrigerants, microchannel technology, noise, condensers, data centers, and electronic control

Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems
Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems

Author: Napoleon Enteria

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-01-31

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 9811968330

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This book compiles the latest research, development, and application of VRF systems with contributions from various experts who pioneered and contributed to the development of the VRF system. This book presents the fundamental issues related to the real application and behaviour of the VRF system based on the long-term monitoring of the installed system. With our experience of pandemic which COVID-19 is an airborne, the spread of the virus is very fast. With this, the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) system is a major player in the maintenance and control of indoor environment to minimize the spread of the virus. As the variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system is a versatile HVAC system in which it can operate at different conditions, the application of the VRF system is very important to control the indoor environmental conditions. Thus, the publication of this book is important with the present situation and the future possible situation which the control of indoor spaces is very important. With this, this book will serve as a reference for building designer, contractors, building regulators and students.

Heating with Renewable Energy
Heating with Renewable Energy

Author: John Siegenthaler

Publisher: Cengage Learning

Published: 2016-02-10

Total Pages: 864

ISBN-13: 9781285075600

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Whether you are preparing for a career in the building trades or are already a professional contractor, this practical book will help you develop the knowledge and skills you need to merge renewable heat sources (such as solar thermal collectors, hydronic heat pumps, and wood-fired boilers) with the latest hydronics hardware and low temperature distribution systems to assemble efficient and reliable heating systems. Easy to understand and packed with full color illustrations that provide detailed piping and control schematics and how to information you'll use on every renewable energy system, this one-of-a-kind book will help you diversify your expertise over a wide range of heat sources. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.

ASHRAE Handbook Refrigeration 2014
ASHRAE Handbook Refrigeration 2014

Author: Ashrae

Publisher:

Published: 2014-01-01

Total Pages: 784

ISBN-13: 9781936504732

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The 2014 ASHRAE Handbook--Refrigeration covers the refrigeration equipment and systems for applications other than human comfort. This volume includes data and guidance on cooling, freezing, and storing food; industrial and medical applications of refrigeration; and low-temperature refrigeration.The 2014 ASHRAE Handbook--Refrigeration CD, in both I-P and SI editions, contains PDFs of chapters easily viewable using Adobe Reader. This product must be installed on user's computer. Product cannot be read directly from CD and is not compatible with mobile devices. Opened software cannot be returned for refund or credit.

Advanced Controls for Intelligent Buildings
Advanced Controls for Intelligent Buildings

Author: Siddharth Goyal

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2021-07-04

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 100040109X

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This book focuses primarily on both technical and business aspects needed to select, design, develop and deploy control application (or product) successfully for multiple components in building systems. Designing and deploying a control application require multiple steps such as sensing, system dynamics modelling, algorithms, and testing. This may involve choosing an appropriate methodology and technique at multiple stages during the development process. Understanding the pros and cons of such techniques, most importantly being aware of practically possible approaches in the entire ecosystem, is critical in choosing the best framework and system application for different parts of building systems. Providing a wide overview of the state-of art in controls and building systems, providing guidance on developing an end-to-end system in relation to business fundamentals (distribution channels, stakeholders, marketing, supply-chain and financial management), the book is ideal for fourth-year control/mechanical/electrical engineering undergraduates, graduate students, and practitioners including business leaders concerned with smart building technology.

Air Conditioning System Design
Air Conditioning System Design

Author: Roger Legg

Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann

Published: 2017-06-15

Total Pages: 442

ISBN-13: 0081020910

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Air Conditioning System Design summarizes essential theory and then explains how the latest air conditioning technology operates. Load calculations, energy efficiency, and selection of technology are all explained in the context of air conditioning as a system, helping the reader fully consider the implications of design decisions. Whether users need to figure out how to apply their mechanical engineering degree to an air conditioning design task or simply want to find out more about air conditioning technology for a research project, this book provides a perfect guide. - Approaches air conditioning as a system, not just a collection of machines - Covers the essential theory on fluid flow and the latest in A/C technology in a very readable and easy-to-use style - Explains the significance of factors, such as climate and thermal comfort as A/C design considerations - Addresses design using a range of air conditioning technologies, such as evaporative cooling, VRF systems, psychromatic software, and dessicant dehumidification

Economic Model Predictive Control
Economic Model Predictive Control

Author: Matthew Ellis

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-07-27

Total Pages: 311

ISBN-13: 331941108X

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This book presents general methods for the design of economic model predictive control (EMPC) systems for broad classes of nonlinear systems that address key theoretical and practical considerations including recursive feasibility, closed-loop stability, closed-loop performance, and computational efficiency. Specifically, the book proposes: Lyapunov-based EMPC methods for nonlinear systems; two-tier EMPC architectures that are highly computationally efficient; and EMPC schemes handling explicitly uncertainty, time-varying cost functions, time-delays and multiple-time-scale dynamics. The proposed methods employ a variety of tools ranging from nonlinear systems analysis, through Lyapunov-based control techniques to nonlinear dynamic optimization. The applicability and performance of the proposed methods are demonstrated through a number of chemical process examples. The book presents state-of-the-art methods for the design of economic model predictive control systems for chemical processes.In addition to being mathematically rigorous, these methods accommodate key practical issues, for example, direct optimization of process economics, time-varying economic cost functions and computational efficiency. Numerous comments and remarks providing fundamental understanding of the merging of process economics and feedback control into a single framework are included. A control engineer can easily tailor the many detailed examples of industrial relevance given within the text to a specific application. The authors present a rich collection of new research topics and references to significant recent work making Economic Model Predictive Control an important source of information and inspiration for academics and graduate students researching the area and for process engineers interested in applying its ideas.

Cooling Coils: A Comprehensive Guide to HVAC System Efficiency
Cooling Coils: A Comprehensive Guide to HVAC System Efficiency

Author: Charles Nehme

Publisher: Charles Nehme

Published:

Total Pages: 66

ISBN-13:

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Welcome to the world of cooling coils! In this book, we embark on a fascinating journey into the realm of thermal management and heat exchange. Cooling coils are an integral part of numerous industries and applications, playing a crucial role in maintaining optimal temperature conditions and ensuring efficient operation. The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive and accessible resource for understanding cooling coils, their design, functioning principles, and applications across various fields. Whether you are a student, an engineer, a researcher, or simply curious about the inner workings of cooling systems, this book aims to satisfy your thirst for knowledge. As you delve into the pages ahead, you will find a wealth of information on the fundamental concepts underlying cooling coil technology. We will explore the principles of heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and thermodynamics, which form the building blocks of understanding how cooling coils work. From there, we will delve into the intricacies of coil design, construction materials, and configurations to optimize heat exchange and achieve desired cooling effects. Furthermore, this book will shed light on the wide-ranging applications of cooling coils in various industries. Whether it's in air conditioning systems, refrigeration units, industrial processes, or renewable energy technologies, cooling coils play a vital role in maintaining stable temperatures and ensuring optimal performance. In each chapter, we will present theoretical concepts, practical examples, and case studies to enhance your understanding and provide real-world context. Additionally, we will explore the latest advancements in cooling coil technology, including innovative materials, enhanced heat transfer techniques, and energy-efficient designs that align with the growing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly solutions. It is important to note that this book serves as a guide and reference, rather than a definitive manual. The field of cooling coils is ever-evolving, with ongoing research and development leading to continuous improvements. Therefore, we encourage you to explore beyond the boundaries of this book and delve into the latest scientific publications, industry reports, and emerging trends to stay abreast of the newest discoveries and breakthroughs. Our journey into the realm of cooling coils is about to begin. Prepare to unravel the mysteries behind these fascinating devices and discover their significance in shaping the world of thermal management. Let us embark on this knowledge-filled adventure together, where we unravel the secrets of cooling coils and explore their countless applications in a world driven by temperature control. Enjoy the exploration! Charles Nehme