The Cherokee Diaspora

The Cherokee Diaspora

Author: Gregory D. Smithers

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 2015-09-29

Total Pages: 438

ISBN-13: 0300216580

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The Cherokee are one of the largest Native American tribes in the United States, with more than three hundred thousand people across the country claiming tribal membership and nearly one million people internationally professing to have at least one Cherokee Indian ancestor. In this revealing history of Cherokee migration and resettlement, Gregory Smithers uncovers the origins of the Cherokee diaspora and explores how communities and individuals have negotiated their Cherokee identities, even when geographically removed from the Cherokee Nation headquartered in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. Beginning in the eighteenth century, the author transports the reader back in time to tell the poignant story of the Cherokee people migrating throughout North America, including their forced exile along the infamous Trail of Tears (1838–39). Smithers tells a remarkable story of courage, cultural innovation, and resilience, exploring the importance of migration and removal, land and tradition, culture and language in defining what it has meant to be Cherokee for a widely scattered people.


History of the Cherokee Indians and Their Legends and Folk Lore

History of the Cherokee Indians and Their Legends and Folk Lore

Author: Emmet Starr

Publisher:

Published: 2012-04-10

Total Pages: 676

ISBN-13: 9781462293162

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Hardcover reprint of the original 1921 edition - beautifully bound in brown cloth covers featuring titles stamped in gold, 8vo - 6x9. No adjustments have been made to the original text, giving readers the full antiquarian experience. For quality purposes, all text and images are printed as black and white. This item is printed on demand. Book Information: Starr, Emmet. History of The Cherokee Indians And Their Legends And Folk Lore. Indiana: Repressed Publishing LLC, 2012. Original Publishing: Starr, Emmet. History of The Cherokee Indians And Their Legends And Folk Lore, . Oklahoma City, Okla., The Warden Company, 1921. Subject: Cherokee Indians History


The Last Cherokee Warriors

The Last Cherokee Warriors

Author: Philip Steele

Publisher: Pelican Publishing

Published: 1905

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 9781455607211

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A history of two Cherokee men and the personal hardships they faced against the US government in the nineteenth century. The expanding American frontier in the late 1800s created a battleground on which white and Indian cultures inevitably clashed. Slowly and inexorably the Native Americans were pushed from their land and stripped of their birthright. This engrossing volume documents the lives of the last Cherokee warriors—Ned Christie and Ezekiel Proctor—two angry men who struggled against the tide of history and the power of the United States government to slow the encroaching whites and preserve their Cherokee heritage.


Oklahoma Black Cherokees

Oklahoma Black Cherokees

Author: Ty Wilson & Karen Coody Cooper

Publisher: Arcadia Publishing

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 1625859953

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Over the generations, Cherokee citizens became a conglomerate people. Early in the nineteenth century, tribal leaders adapted their government to mirror the new American model. While accommodating institutional slavery of black people, they abandoned the Cherokee matrilineal clan structure that once determined their citizenship. The 1851 census revealed a total population nearing 18,000, which included 1,844 slaves and 64 free blacks. What it means to be Cherokee has continued to evolve over the past century, yet the histories assembled here by Ty Wilson, Karen Coody Cooper and other contributing authors reveal a meaningful story of identity and survival.


Slavery in the Cherokee Nation

Slavery in the Cherokee Nation

Author: Patrick Neal Minges

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2004-06-01

Total Pages: 324

ISBN-13: 1135942072

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This work explores the dynamic issues of race and religion within the Cherokee Nation and to look at the role of secret societies in shaping these forces during the nineteenth century.


Literacy and Intellectual Life in the Cherokee Nation, 1820–1906

Literacy and Intellectual Life in the Cherokee Nation, 1820–1906

Author: James W. Parins

Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press

Published: 2013-11-04

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 0806151226

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Many Anglo-Americans in the nineteenth century regarded Indian tribes as little more than illiterate bands of savages in need of “civilizing.” Few were willing to recognize that one of the major Southeastern tribes targeted for removal west of the Mississippi already had an advanced civilization with its own system of writing and rich literary tradition. In Literacy and Intellectual Life in the Cherokee Nation, 1820–1906, James W. Parins traces the rise of bilingual literacy and intellectual life in the Cherokee Nation during the nineteenth century—a time of intense social and political turmoil for the tribe. By the 1820s, Cherokees had perfected a system for writing their language—the syllabary created by Sequoyah—and in a short time taught it to virtually all their citizens. Recognizing the need to master the language of the dominant society, the Cherokee Nation also developed a superior public school system that taught students in English. The result was a literate population, most of whom could read the Cherokee Phoenix, the tribal newspaper founded in 1828 and published in both Cherokee and English. English literacy allowed Cherokee leaders to deal with the white power structure on their own terms: Cherokees wrote legal briefs, challenged members of Congress and the executive branch, and bargained for their tribe as white interests sought to take their land and end their autonomy. In addition, many Cherokee poets, fiction writers, essayists, and journalists published extensively after 1850, paving the way for the rich literary tradition that the nation preserves and fosters today. Literary and Intellectual Life in the Cherokee Nation, 1820–1906 takes a fascinating look at how literacy served to unite Cherokees during a critical moment in their national history, and advances our understanding of how literacy has functioned as a tool of sovereignty among Native peoples, both historically and today.


Capture These Indians for the Lord

Capture These Indians for the Lord

Author: Tash Smith

Publisher: University of Arizona Press

Published: 2014-09-18

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 0816598614

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In 1844, on the heels of the final wave of the forced removal of thousands of Indians from the southern United States to what is now Oklahoma, the Southern Methodist Church created a separate organization known as the Indian Mission Conference to oversee its missionary efforts among the Native communities of Indian Territory. Initially, the Church conducted missions as part of the era’s push toward assimilation. But what the primarily white missionaries quickly encountered was a population who exerted more autonomy than they expected and who used Christianity to protect their culture, both of which frustrated those eager to bring Indian Territory into what they felt was mainstream American society. In Capture These Indians for the Lord, Tash Smith traces the trajectory of the Southern Methodist Church in Oklahoma when it was at the frontlines of the relentless push toward western expansion. Although many Native people accepted the missionaries’ religious practices, Smith shows how individuals found ways to reconcile the Methodist force with their traditional cultural practices. When the white population of Indian Territory increased and Native sovereignty came under siege during the allotment era of the 1890s, white communities marginalized Indians within the Church and exploited elements of mission work for their own benefit. Later, with white indifference toward Indian missions peaking in the early twentieth century, Smith explains that as the remnants of the Methodist power weakened, Indian membership regained control and used the Church to regenerate their culture. Throughout, Smith explores the complex relationships between white and Indian community members and how these phenomena shaped Methodist churches in the twentieth century.