Labor Statistics Measurement Issues

Labor Statistics Measurement Issues

Author: John Haltiwanger

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2007-12-01

Total Pages: 494

ISBN-13: 0226314596

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Rapidly changing technology, the globalization of markets, and the declining role of unions are just some of the factors that have led to dramatic changes in working conditions in the United States. Little attention has been paid to the difficult measurement problems underlying analysis of the labor market. Labor Statistics Measurement Issues helps to fill this gap by exploring key theoretical and practical issues in the measurement of employment, wages, and workplace practices. Some of the chapters in this volume explore the conceptual issues of what is needed, what is known, or what can be learned from existing data, and what needs have not been met by available data sources. Others make innovative uses of existing data to analyze these topics. Also included are papers examining how answers to important questions are affected by alternative measures used and how these can be reconciled. This important and useful book will find a large audience among labor economists and consumers of labor statistics.


New Facts about Factor-demand Dynamics

New Facts about Factor-demand Dynamics

Author: Daniel S. Hamermesh

Publisher:

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13:

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We provide a unified discussion of the relations among flows of workers, changes in employment and changes in the number of jobs at the level of the firm. Using the only available set of data (a nationally representative sample of Dutch firms in 1988 and 1990) we discover that: 1) Nearly half of all hiring is by firms where employment is not growing; 2) Over half of all firing is by firms that are not contracting; 3) Most firing is by firms that are also hiring; 4) Flows of workers within firms are small compared to flows into and out of firms; and 5) Accounting for simultaneous creation and destruction of jobs within firms adds roughly 15 percent to estimates of economywide job creation and destruction. The results imply that macroeconomic fluctuations can have substantial effects beyond those indicated by net employment changes at the firm level, and that studies of dynamic factor demand must account for variations in gross flows of workers


Unemployment Dynamics in the United States and West Germany

Unemployment Dynamics in the United States and West Germany

Author: Markus Gangl

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 295

ISBN-13: 3642573347

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In writing this book, I increasingly became aware of the extent to which much of the finest social science research has been devoted to the issue of unemployment. Unemployment rightly is a key issue in the social sciences for search of social and political answers to the economic, social and psychological distress caused by un certainty and macroeconomic change. I was glad to find my own worries shared by eminent and respected scholars: George Akerlof once confessed to pursue the study of unemployment ultimately because of his father's distress from fear of un employment, and Wout Ultee started research on unemployment from the consid eration that parents' talk about unemployment risks should not come to dominate marriage parties or other family occasions. The problem of unemployment is thus hardly confmed to actual loss of income, but one where economic insecurity be gins to undermine the very fabric of society. In consequence, to combat unem ployment should indeed be a foremost issue in societies striving for freedom and justice for their citizenry, yet to succeed obviously requires an understanding of the underlying economic realities. If this study could contribute to this endeavor, all the time spent in writing would seem well spent indeed. Against the significant body of existing social science research on unemploy ment, it seems appropriate to be clear about the scope and limitations of the cur rent study, however.


Worker Flows and Job Flows

Worker Flows and Job Flows

Author: Shigeru Fujita

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Worker flows and job flows behave differently over the business cycle. The authors investigate the sources of the differences by studying quantitative properties of a multiple-worker version of the search/matching model that features endogenous job separation and intra-firm wage bargaining. Their calibration incorporates micro and macro-level evidence on worker and job flows. The authors show that the dynamic stochastic equilibrium of the model replicates important cyclical features of worker flows and job flow simultaneously. In particular, the model correctly predicts that hires from unemployment move counter-cyclically while the job creation rate moves pro-cyclically. The key to this result is to allow for a large hiring flow that does not go through unemployment but is part of job creation, for which pro-cyclicality of the job finding rate dominates its cyclicality. The authors also show that the model generates large volatilities of unemployment and vacancies when a worker's outside option is at 83 percent of aggregate labor productivity.


The Operation of Internal Labor Markets

The Operation of Internal Labor Markets

Author: Lawrence T. Pinfield

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-22

Total Pages: 359

ISBN-13: 1489910190

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Employment systems consist of complex arrays of formal and informal rules that structure the relationships between employees and employers. There are many different types of employment systems. Some are specified in considerable detail in collectively bargained quasilegal employment contracts, while others are left to discretion. This book describes the latter type of employment system-one in which there is an active market for knowl edge and skills. This is the salaried employment system of ForestCo-a large multiplant manufacturing company in the forest products industry. Here, supervisors and managers actively adjust the jobs and persons under their authority to meet the market, social, and institutional forces that influence the activities and performance of their departments. The study of employment systems is a relatively recent phenomenon, and few prior studies or theories were found to guide this investigation. Neither the scope nor the components of employment system studies are yet established. The field is confused and contested. Nevertheless, there is related literature which can be used to focus attention on different features of employment systems. One emerging body of work that holds the most promise for the study of employment systems is internal labor market (lLM) theory.


The Flow Analysis of Labour Markets

The Flow Analysis of Labour Markets

Author: Ronald Schettkat

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 1996-08-08

Total Pages: 311

ISBN-13: 1134779429

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Well-functioning labour markets are a precondition for economic development. Here leading researchers present an overview of labour market workings providing new theoretical and empirical insights.


Does "Trickle Down" Work?

Does

Author: Joseph Persky

Publisher: W.E. Upjohn Institute

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 190

ISBN-13: 088099309X

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The authors explore a new framework for evaluating economic development projects. This framework is based on a job-chain approach. Each new job created by an economic development incentive is filled by an employee who leaves behind another job. In turn, that job may be filled by someone who leaves behind their old job, etc. Such job chains end when an unemployedworker, someone not previously in the labor force, or an in-migrant to the labor market takes a vacancy. Job chains are the mechanism for observing and measuring "trickle down". The job trains model developed in this book presents new insights into local economic development evaluation and strategy.


Worker Flows and the Employment Adjustment of Firms

Worker Flows and the Employment Adjustment of Firms

Author: Wolter H. J. Hassink

Publisher:

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 152

ISBN-13: 9789051703962

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"In recent years there has been a rapid increase in publications analysing employment changes in firms. This study contributes to this empirical literature by investigating the relationship between worker flows and the adjustment of employment. Using a unique set of data of Dutch firms over the period of 1988-1992, it discusses the various concepts of employment dynamics and focuses on the specific role of hires internal movements, disability enrolment, quits, and layoffs. One question addressed is whether firms have internal labour markets to keep their workers. It also investigates the relationship between the disability enrolment of workers and layoffs. Finally, it pays attention to the cost of layoffs and hires, relating those costs to the employment adjustment of firms."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Andemic Informality

Andemic Informality

Author: Edwin A. Goñi Pacchioni

Publisher: Inter-American Development Bank

Published: 2013-01-01

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 1597821683

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Recent studies of Latin American labor markets have focused on analysis of the determinants, evolution, and implications of increasing informal arrangements between workers and employers. This book adds to that tradition with a refreshed dynamic and causal perspective that exploits novel panel data sets, recent methodological advances, and identification strategies after recent policy reforms in Andean countries.