The Iconography of Hindu Tantric Deities
The Iconography of Hindu Tantric Deities

Author: Gudrun Bühnemann

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2022-11-28

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 9004531238

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While Volume I of this two-volume monograph focuses on the deity pantheon of the sixteenth-century Mantramahodadhi, this volume compares for the first time deity descriptions extracted from two earlier and closely related texts, the anonymous Prapañcasāra (ca. tenth century) and Lakṣmaṇadeśika’s Sāradātilaka (tenth/eleventh centuries). The latter work, though based on the Prapañcasāra, treats the topics independently and incorporates new deity descriptions while omitting others. Both texts are still influential and are frequently cited. The Sanskrit text of the 78 deity descriptions extracted from the Prapañcasāra and the 101 descriptions from the Sāradātilaka is based on a comparison of different printed editions of these texts, as well as citations found in other works. The Sanskrit text is presented with a literal translation and remarks on the iconography. The introductory section addresses basic questions related to these two works. In addition, a new edition and translation of the important chapters I (on cosmogony) and 25 (on yoga) of the Sāradātilaka are presented in two appendices. A large number of illustrations of deities complement the volume. The print edition is available as a set of two volumes (9789069801193).

The Devī Gītā
The Devī Gītā

Author: C. Mackenzie Brown

Publisher: State University of New York Press

Published: 1998-09-11

Total Pages: 422

ISBN-13: 0791497739

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This book provides a translation, with introduction, commentary, and annotation, of the medieval Hindu Sanskrit text the Devi Gita (Song of the Goddess). It is an important but not well-known text from the rich SAakta (Goddess) tradition of India. The Devi Gita was composed about the fifteenth century C.E., in partial imitation of the famous Bhagavad Gita (Song of the Lord), composed some fifteen centuries earlier. Around the sixth century C.E., following the rise of several male deities to prominence, a new theistic movement began in which the supreme being was envisioned as female, known as the Great Goddess (Maha-Devi). Appearing first as a violent and blood-loving deity, this Goddess gradually evolved into a more benign figure, a compassionate World-Mother and bestower of salvific wisdom. It is in this beneficent mode that the Goddess appears in the Devi Gita. This work makes available an up-to-date translation of the Devi Gita, along with a historical and theological analysis of the text. The book is divided into sections of verses, and each section is followed by a comment explaining key terms, concepts, ritual procedures, and mythic themes. The comments also offer comparisons with related schools of thought, indicate parallel texts and textual sources of verses in the Devi Gita, and briefly elucidate the historical and religious background, supplementing the remarks of the introduction.

The Iconography of Hindu Tantric Deities
The Iconography of Hindu Tantric Deities

Author: Gudrun Bühnemann

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 900453122X

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This is the first of a two-volume monograph on the iconography of Hindu deities as presented in Tantric texts. It focuses on the iconography of 108 deities described in the sixteenth-century North Indian Mantramahodadhi by Mahīdhara. The print edition is available as a set of two volumes (9789069801193).

Revelry, Rivalry, and Longing for the Goddesses of Bengal
Revelry, Rivalry, and Longing for the Goddesses of Bengal

Author: Rachel Fell McDermott

Publisher: Columbia University Press

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 0231129181

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Annually during the months of autumn, Bengal hosts three interlinked festivals to honor its most important goddesses: Durga, Kali, and Jagaddhatri. While each of these deities possesses a distinct iconography, myth, and character, they are all martial. Durga, Kali, and Jagaddhatri often demand blood sacrifice as part of their worship and offer material and spiritual benefits to their votaries. Richly represented in straw, clay, paint, and decoration, they are similarly displayed in elaborately festooned temples, thronged by thousands of admirers. The first book to recount the history of these festivals and their revelry, rivalry, and nostalgic power, this volume marks an unprecedented achievement in the mapping of a major public event. Rachel Fell McDermott describes the festivals' origins and growth under British rule. She identifies their iconographic conventions and carnivalesque qualities and their relationship to the fierce, Tantric sides of ritual practice. McDermott confronts controversies over the tradition of blood sacrifice and the status-seekers who compete for symbolic capital. Expanding her narrative, she takes readers beyond Bengal's borders to trace the transformation of the goddesses and their festivals across the world. McDermott's work underscores the role of holidays in cultural memory, specifically the Bengali evocation of an ideal, culturally rich past. Under the thrall of the goddess, the social, political, economic, and religious identity of Bengalis takes shape.

Goddess Traditions in Tantric Hinduism
Goddess Traditions in Tantric Hinduism

Author: Bjarne Wernicke Olesen

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-09-16

Total Pages: 199

ISBN-13: 1317585224

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Hinduism cannot be understood without the Great Goddess and the goddess-orientated Śākta traditions. The Goddess pervades Hinduism at all levels, from aniconic village deities to high-caste pan-Hindu goddesses to esoteric, tantric goddesses. Nevertheless, the highly influential tantric forms of South Asian goddess worship have only recently begun to draw scholarly attention. This book addresses the increasing interest in the Great Goddess and the tantric traditions of India by exploring the history, doctrine and practices of the Śākta tantric traditions. The highly influential tantric forms of South Asian goddess worship form a major part of what is known as ‘Śāktism’, and is often considered one of the major branches of Hinduism next to Śaivism, Vaiṣṇavism and Smārtism. Śāktism is, however, less clearly defined than the other major branches, and the book looks at the texts of the Śākta traditions that constitute the primary sources for gaining insights into the Śākta religious imaginative, ritual practices and history. It provides an historical exploration of distinctive Indian ways of imagining God as Goddess, and surveys the important origins and developments within Śākta history, practice and doctrine in its diversity. Bringing together contributions from some of the foremost scholars in the field of tantric studies, the book provides a platform for the continued research into Hindu goddesses, yoga, and tantra for those interested in understanding the religion and culture in South Asia.

The Alchemical Body
The Alchemical Body

Author: David Gordon White

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 620

ISBN-13: 9780226894997

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Beginning in the fifth century A.D., various Indian mystics began to innovate a body of techniques with which to render themselves immortal. These people called themselves Siddhas, a term formerly reserved for a class of demigods, revered by Hindus and Buddhists alike, who were known to inhabit mountaintops or the atmospheric regions. Over the following five to eight hundred years, three types of Hindu Siddha orders emerged, each with its own specialized body of practice. These were the Siddha Kaula, whose adherents sought bodily immortality through erotico-mystical practices; the Rasa Siddhas, medieval India's alchemists, who sought to transmute their flesh-and-blood bodies into immortal bodies through the ingestion of the mineral equivalents of the sexual fluids of the god Siva and his consort, the Goddess; and the Nath Siddhas, whose practice of hatha yoga projected the sexual and laboratory practices of the Siddha Kaula and Rasa Siddhas upon the internal grid of the subtle body. For India's medieval Siddhas, these three conjoined types of practice led directly to bodily immortality, supernatural powers, and self-divinization; in a word, to the exalted status of the semidivine Siddhas of the older popular cults. In The Alchemical Body, David Gordon White excavates and centers within its broader Indian context this lost tradition of the medieval Siddhas. Working from a body of previously unexplored alchemical sources, he demonstrates for the first time that the medieval disciplines of Hindu alchemy and hatha yoga were practiced by one and the same people, and that they can only be understood when viewed together. Human sexual fluids and the structures of the subtle body aremicrocosmic equivalents of the substances and apparatus manipulated by the alchemist in his laboratory. With these insights, White opens the way to a new and more comprehensive understanding of the entire sweep of medieval Indian mysticism, within the broader context of south Asian Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Islam. This book is an essential reference for anyone interested in Indian yoga, alchemy, and the medieval beginnings of science.