High-operating-temperature Infrared Photodetectors
High-operating-temperature Infrared Photodetectors

Author: Jozef Piotrowski

Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13:

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This book presents approaches, materials, and devices that eliminate the cooling requirements of IR photodetectors operating in the middle- and long-wavelength ranges of the IR spectrum. It is based mainly on the authors' experiences in developing and fabricating near room temperature HgCdTe detectors at Vigo Systems Ltd. and at the Institute of Applied Physics Military University of Technology (both in Warsaw, Poland). The text also discusses solutions to other specific problems of high-temperature detection, such as poor collection efficiency due to a short diffusion length, the Johnson-Nyquist noise of parasitic impedances, and interfacing of very low resistance devices to electronics. Suitable for graduate students in physics and engineering who have received a basic preparation in modern solid state physics and electronic circuits, this book will also be of interest to individuals who work with aerospace sensors and systems, remote sensing, thermal imaging, military imaging, optical telecommunications, IR spectroscopy, and lidar.

Infrared Detectors
Infrared Detectors

Author: Antonio Rogalski

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2010-11-15

Total Pages: 900

ISBN-13: 1420076728

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Completely revised and reorganized while retaining the approachable style of the first edition, Infrared Detectors, Second Edition addresses the latest developments in the science and technology of infrared (IR) detection. Antoni Rogalski, an internationally recognized pioneer in the field, covers the comprehensive range of subjects necessary to un

Very-Long-Wavelength Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector
Very-Long-Wavelength Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13:

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Infrared detector is a very important part of infrared sensor technology. In ballistic missile defense, infrared sensors play an important role in missile seeking, tracking, guiding, discriminating, and intercepting. Tactical applications for endo-atmospheric situation are mostly under a high background (300K), where a high operating temperature above liquid nitrogen (77K) is desired. IR materials such as HgCdTe, InSb, PtSi and quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP) are all suitable detector material systems for tactical applications, in which some material systems are more mature than others. For strategic applications, such as exo-atmospheric interceptors and space-based surveillance sensors, the target is usually far away with a cooler temperature, under a cold background. The detection wavelength of the detector under this situation needs to be at very-long-wavelength region (> 12 micrometers) for efficient detection of the cool target. The current state of the art HgCdTe (MCT) based IR detectors have not met all these requirements, and QWIPs provide a useful alternative for VLWIR applications. In this presentation, an overview of VLWIR QWIPs is given and three detailed detector structures and performance are discussed.

Advances in Infrared Photodetectors
Advances in Infrared Photodetectors

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2011-05-03

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 0123813387

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Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. Originally widely known as the "Willardson and Beer" Series, it has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. The series publishes timely, highly relevant volumes intended for long-term impact and reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field. The volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in academia, scientific laboratories and modern industry. Written and edited by internationally renowned experts Relevant to a wide readership: physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in academia, scientific laboratories and modern industry

Fundamentals of Infrared and Visible Detector Operation and Testing
Fundamentals of Infrared and Visible Detector Operation and Testing

Author: John David Vincent

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2015-10-26

Total Pages: 584

ISBN-13: 1119011884

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Presents a comprehensive introduction to the selection,operation, and testing of infrared devices, including adescription of modern detector assemblies and theiroperation This book discusses how to use and test infrared and visibledetectors. The book provides a convenient reference for thoseentering the field of IR detector design, test or use, those whowork in the peripheral areas, and those who teach and train othersin the field. Chapter 1 contains introductory material. Radiometry is coveredin Chapter 2. The author examines Thermal detectors in Chapter 3;the “Classical” photon detectors – simplephotoconductors and photovoltaics in Chapter 4; and “ModernPhoton Detectors” in Chapter 5. Chapters 6 through 8consider respectively individual elements and small arrays ofelements the “readouts” (ROICs) used with large imagingarrays; and Electronics for FPA Operation and Testing. The Test Setand The Testing Process are analyzed in Chapters 9 and 10, withemphasis on uncertainty and trouble shooting. Chapters 11 through15 discuss related skills, such as Uncertainty, Cryogenics, Vacuum,Optics, and the use of Fourier Transforms in the detector business.Some highlights of this new edition are that it Discusses radiometric nomenclature and calculations, detectormechanisms, the associated electronics, how these devices aretested, and real-life effects and problems Examines new tools in Infrared detector operations,specifically: selection and use of ROICs, electronics for FPAoperation, operation of single element and very small FPAs,microbolometers, and multi-color FPAs Contains five chapters with frequently sought-after informationon related subjects, such as uncertainty, optics, cryogenics,vacuum, and the use of Fourier mathematics for detectoranalyses Fundamentals of Infrared and Visible Detector Operation andTesting, Second Edition, provides the background and vocabularynecessary to help readers understand the selection, operation, andtesting of modern infrared devices.

Long-Wave (8-12 Micrometers) Quantum-Dot Infrared Photodetectors
Long-Wave (8-12 Micrometers) Quantum-Dot Infrared Photodetectors

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 13

ISBN-13:

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This is the Final Report of ARO Grant No. DAADl9-02-l-0437. It is a report on the characteristics of(InGa)As/GaAs long-wave (8-12 um) quantum-dot infrared photodetector structures. Pcak responsivities and dctectivitics were measured using a calibrated black body source. The results of this work indicate that for the structures characterized here, the maximum operating temperature is limited to %O5 K. No effort was made in the original design of the device structure for higher temperature operation. For operation at temperatures higher than this, one must investigate other device structures; such structures have been identified and will be the subject of future work. The work reported here has paved the way to the identification of candidate device structures for high operating temperature (HOT) quantum-dot detector.

Expanding the Vision of Sensor Materials
Expanding the Vision of Sensor Materials

Author: Committee on New Sensor Technologies: Materials and Applications

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1995-07-06

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 0309587433

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Advances in materials science and engineering have paved the way for the development of new and more capable sensors. Drawing upon case studies from manufacturing and structural monitoring and involving chemical and long wave-length infrared sensors, this book suggests an approach that frames the relevant technical issues in such a way as to expedite the consideration of new and novel sensor materials. It enables a multidisciplinary approach for identifying opportunities and making realistic assessments of technical risk and could be used to guide relevant research and development in sensor technologies.

Intersubband Infrared Photodetectors
Intersubband Infrared Photodetectors

Author: Victor Ryzhii

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2003-06-25

Total Pages: 359

ISBN-13: 9814486442

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Infrared technologies are very important for a wide range of military, scientific and commercial applications. Devices and systems based on semiconductor heterostructure and quantum well and quantum dot structures open up a new era in infrared technologies.This book deals with various topics related to the latest achievements in the development of intersubband infrared photodetectors, reviewed by top experts in the field. It covers physical aspects of the operation of the devices as well as details of their design in different applications. The papers included in the book will be useful for researchers and engineers interested in the physics of optoelectronic devices as well as their practical design and applications.

Infrared Detectors and Emitters: Materials and Devices
Infrared Detectors and Emitters: Materials and Devices

Author: Peter Capper

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-27

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 1461516072

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An up-to-date view of the various detector/emitter materials systems currently in use or being actively researched. The book is aimed at newcomers and those already working in the IR industry. It provides both an introductory text and a valuable overview of the entire field.

Infrared and Terahertz Detectors, Third Edition
Infrared and Terahertz Detectors, Third Edition

Author: Antoni Rogalski

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2019-01-10

Total Pages: 1044

ISBN-13: 1351984764

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This new edition of Infrared and Terahertz Detectors provides a comprehensive overview of infrared and terahertz detector technology, from fundamental science to materials and fabrication techniques. It contains a complete overhaul of the contents including several new chapters and a new section on terahertz detectors and systems. It includes a new tutorial introduction to technical aspects that are fundamental for basic understanding. The other dedicated sections focus on thermal detectors, photon detectors, and focal plane arrays.