In this thesis, we study the electronic charge transport properties in different high mobility organic semiconductors considered as possible candidates for applications in Organic Spintronics. Stringent conditions are needed to make possible the diffusive transport of a spin-polarized current through an organic spacer (injection-transport-detection): the mechanism of charge transport and the carriers mobility, as well as the interface between the organic semiconductor and the ferromagnetic metallic electrodes, should meet special criteria. Our devices are in lateral geometry. We investigate three organic materials, all compatible with wet processing of organic electronics: supramolecular fibers self-assembled by light irradiation, an ink of liquid-phase exfoliated graphene nano-sheets and a conjugated polymer semiconductor thin film exposed to strong electrochemical doping. We observe that the criteria are partially matched, but some challenges are still present.
Major development efforts in organic materials research has grown for an array of applications. Organic spintronics, in particular, has flourished in the area of organic magneto-transport. Reflecting the main avenues of advancement in this arena, this volume explores spin injection and manipulation in organic spin valves, the magnetic field effect in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), the spin transport effect in relation to spin manipulation, organic magnets as spin injection electrodes in organic spintronics devices, the coherent control of spins in organic devices using the technique of electronically detected magnetic resonance, and the possibility of using organic spin valves as sensors.
Text provides information about advanced OTFT (Organic thin film transistor) structures, their modeling and extraction of performance parameters, materials of individual layers, their molecular structures, basics of pi-conjugated semiconducting materials and their properties, OTFT charge transport phenomena and fabrication techniques. It includes applications of OTFTs such as single and dual gate OTFT based inverter circuits along with bootstrap techniques, SRAM cell designs based on different material and circuit configurations, light emitting diodes (LEDs). Besides this, application of dual gate OTFT in the logic gate, shift register, Flip-Flop, counter circuits will be included as well.
Emerging Nanoelectronic Devices focuses on the future direction of semiconductor and emerging nanoscale device technology. As the dimensional scaling of CMOS approaches its limits, alternate information processing devices and microarchitectures are being explored to sustain increasing functionality at decreasing cost into the indefinite future. This is driving new paradigms of information processing enabled by innovative new devices, circuits, and architectures, necessary to support an increasingly interconnected world through a rapidly evolving internet. This original title provides a fresh perspective on emerging research devices in 26 up to date chapters written by the leading researchers in their respective areas. It supplements and extends the work performed by the Emerging Research Devices working group of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). Key features: • Serves as an authoritative tutorial on innovative devices and architectures that populate the dynamic world of “Beyond CMOS” technologies. • Provides a realistic assessment of the strengths, weaknesses and key unknowns associated with each technology. • Suggests guidelines for the directions of future development of each technology. • Emphasizes physical concepts over mathematical development. • Provides an essential resource for students, researchers and practicing engineers.
Π-conjugated systems of delocalized aromatic electrons along their backbones, including conjugated small molecules, oligomers, polymers, and carbonaceous materials, etc., have received considerable attention from a wide variety of scientific and technical communities. Compared to inorganic materials, the advantages of those based on π-tectons lie in their broad diversity, flexibility, and tunability with regard to structure/geometry/morphology, processability, composition, functionality, electronic/band structure, etc. In terms of sophisticated molecular engineering, these features endow them not only with excellent self-assembly properties but also with unique optical, electrical, mechanical, photophysical, photochemical, and biochemical attributes. This renders them promising scaffolds for advanced functional materials (AFMs) in numerous areas of general interest such as electronics, optics, optoelectronics, photovoltaics, magnetic and piezoelectric devices, sensors, catalysts, biomedicines, and others. With regard to the design/synthesis of novel π-tectons, the launch of diverse assembly/fabrication protocols, theoretical calculations, etc., the past several decades have witnessed tremendous advancements along this direction. Thus far, a vast array of high-performance π-tectons-based AFMs have been initiated. To some extent, the cooperative principle of π-πstacking and other noncovalent interactions has been revealed, and the structure-property relationships have been disclosed. Despite the existing progress, this field still faces challenges, for example: (i) the need for scalable assembly/manufacture under ambient conditions—with low-cost, facile, environmentally-friendly protocols (ii) clearer correlations bridging the underlying intricate relationships of each successive step in assembly/manufacture (iii) corresponding theoretical calculations for guiding the rational design of π-tectons that elucidate the cooperative principle of π-π stacking and other noncovalent interactions, as well as the principle of structure-performance correlation (iv) stability and durability, among the most important concerns regarding their commercialization The advancements accumulated during the past decades have established a solid foundation for the further development of π-conjugated systems-based AFMs. We believe that with unrelenting efforts from both scientific and technical communities of various backgrounds, their practical applications will eventually be fulfilled. This Research Topic aims to address the above-mentioned challenges
Hybrid organic-inorganic materials and the rational design of their interfaces open up the access to a wide spectrum of functionalities not achievable with traditional concepts of materials science. This innovative class of materials has a major impact in many application domains such as optics, electronics, mechanics, energy storage and conversion, protective coatings, catalysis, sensing and nanomedicine. The properties of these materials do not only depend on the chemical structure, and the mutual interaction between their nano-scale building blocks, but are also strongly influenced by the interfaces they share. This handbook focuses on the most recent investigations concerning the design, control, and dynamics of hybrid organic-inorganic interfaces, covering: (i) characterization methods of interfaces, (ii) innovative computational approaches and simulation of interaction processes, (iii) in-situ studies of dynamic aspects controlling the formation of these interfaces, and (iv) the role of the interface for process optimization, devices, and applications in such areas as optics, electronics, energy and medicine.
This book provides a thorough introduction to the essential topics in modern materials science. It brings together the spectrum of materials science topics, spanning inorganic and organic materials, nanomaterials, biomaterials, and alloys within a single cohesive and comprehensive resource. Synthesis and processing techniques, structural and crystallographic configurations, properties, classifications, process mechanisms, applications, and related numerical problems are discussed in each chapter. End-of-chapter summaries and problems are included to deepen and reinforce the reader's comprehension. Provides a cohesive and comprehensive reference on a wide range of materials and processes in modern materials science; Presents material in an engaging manner to encourage innovative practices and perspectives; Includes chapter summaries and problems at the end of every chapter for reinforcement of concepts.
Spintronic 2D Materials: Fundamentals and Applications provides an overview of the fundamental theory of 2D electronic systems that includes a selection of the most intensively investigated 2D materials. The book tells the story of 2D spintronics in a systematic and comprehensive way, providing the growing community of spintronics researchers with a key reference. Part One addresses the fundamental theoretical aspects of 2D materials and spin transport, while Parts Two through Four explore 2D material systems, including graphene, topological insulators, and transition metal dichalcogenides. Each section discusses properties, key issues and recent developments. In addition, the material growth method (from lab to mass production), device fabrication and characterization techniques are included throughout the book. Discusses the fundamentals and applications of spintronics of 2D materials, such as graphene, topological insulators and transition metal dichalcogenides Includes an in-depth look at each materials system, from material growth, device fabrication and characterization techniques Presents the latest solutions on key challenges, such as the spin lifetime of 2D materials, spin-injection efficiency, the potential proximity effects, and much more
From the Introduction: Nanotechnology and its underpinning sciences are progressing with unprecedented rapidity. With technical advances in a variety of nanoscale fabrication and manipulation technologies, the whole topical area is maturing into a vibrant field that is generating new scientific research and a burgeoning range of commercial applications, with an annual market already at the trillion dollar threshold. The means of fabricating and controlling matter on the nanoscale afford striking and unprecedented opportunities to exploit a variety of exotic phenomena such as quantum, nanophotonic and nanoelectromechanical effects. Moreover, researchers are elucidating new perspectives on the electronic and optical properties of matter because of the way that nanoscale materials bridge the disparate theories describing molecules and bulk matter. Surface phenomena also gain a greatly increased significance; even the well-known link between chemical reactivity and surface-to-volume ratio becomes a major determinant of physical properties, when it operates over nanoscale dimensions. Against this background, this comprehensive work is designed to address the need for a dynamic, authoritative and readily accessible source of information, capturing the full breadth of the subject. Its six volumes, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including material sciences, chemistry, physics and life sciences, have been written and edited by an outstanding team of international experts. Addressing an extensive, cross-disciplinary audience, each chapter aims to cover key developments in a scholarly, readable and critical style, providing an indispensible first point of entry to the literature for scientists and technologists from interdisciplinary fields. The work focuses on the major classes of nanomaterials in terms of their synthesis, structure and applications, reviewing nanomaterials and their respective technologies in well-structured and comprehensive articles with extensive cross-references. It has been a constant surprise and delight to have found, amongst the rapidly escalating number who work in nanoscience and technology, so many highly esteemed authors willing to contribute. Sharing our anticipation of a major addition to the literature, they have also captured the excitement of the field itself in each carefully crafted chapter. Along with our painstaking and meticulous volume editors, full credit for the success of this enterprise must go to these individuals, together with our thanks for (largely) adhering to the given deadlines. Lastly, we record our sincere thanks and appreciation for the skills and professionalism of the numerous Elsevier staff who have been involved in this project, notably Fiona Geraghty, Megan Palmer and Greg Harris, and especially Donna De Weerd-Wilson who has steered it through from its inception. We have greatly enjoyed working with them all, as we have with each other.
