Dealing with the latest information on polysaccharide gum research, particularly focused on gum Arabic, this book covers the production, identification, classification, and application of these important carbohydrate polymers. Written by leading experts, it will be an essential reference for researchers in industry and academia interested in the continued advances in this area.
Gum Arabic: Structure, Properties, Application and Economics explores the management practices of gum Arabic producing trees and their environmental role, the characteristics and properties of the gum, and presents current and developing uses in food, feed, and medicinal applications. The book provides insight into regulatory aspects of production and quality control as well as underscoring some of the geographically based differences in gum Arabic trees, production, and regulation of products. Written by experts in the field, the book provides current research and developments in gum Arabic. It is an important resource for researchers in industry and academia interested in the advances in this area. - Written by leading experts from key gum Arabic producing regions of the world - Explores the management practices of gum Arabic, from the environmental role of the tree to uses in food, feed, and medicinal applications - Provides nanoscience and nanotechnology applications using gum Arabic - Discusses applications of gum Arabic in medicine and health - Presents new research and trends in gum Arabic, investigating the physical properties, such as electric, optical, thermal, and magnetic
There is renewed interest among art photographers in a number of historic printing techniques because of the remarkable effects they produce. The reader will discover how to create beautifully tinted mono- and polychromatic gum and oil images using the author's version of this 19th century technique. Step-by-step illustrated instructions with directions for further experimentation provide a perfect source for learning this new, yet old, printing technique. Gumoil printing involves contact-printing a positive transparency onto gum-coated paper. Oil paint is then applied and rubbed into nongummed areas of the print. With bleach etching, mono- and polychromatic variations are possible. A chapter on digital printing combines the new and the historic, making this technique even more accessible for the art photographer.
This work contains the proceedings of a conference on gums and stabilisers for the food industry. Contributions are concerned with the structure-function relationships of various polysaccharides and protein systems, as well as progress on mixed biopolymer systems.
This report acts as a baseline for the Food and Nutrition Security Resilience Programme (FNS-REPRO) of FAO, which is a four-year programme of USD 28 million funded by the Government of the Netherlands, that contributes directly to the operationalization of the United Nations Security Council 2417 by addressing the “cause-effect” relationship between conflict and food insecurity in Somaliland, Sudan (Darfur) and South Sudan. The programme, which became operational in October 2019, is designed to foster peace and food security at scale through a multi-year livelihood- and resilience-based approach. The FNS-REPRO component in Sudan focuses on supporting the production and value chain of gum Arabic. In Sudan, the programme is implemented in the North and East Darfur states. The purpose of the study is to collect baseline values for identified project indicators, which will be tracked over time and used to establish the impact of the project. In addition, it identifies and documents lessons learned that will facilitate the continuous realignment of the current project’s theory of change and assist in defining and designing similar future food security projects in Sudan as well as in other parts of the world with similar contexts. This baseline provides characteristics of the gum Arabic production and gum Arabic-producing households in the project area. Among others, it was estimated that 23 percent of the households in the study area were involved in gum Arabic production, of which 90 percent were male-headed households. Strategies to facilitate the participation of female-headed households in this value chain are critical. Households involved in gum Arabic production had limited access to information on gum Arabic production and prices. Furthermore, the households in the area received little to no training on aspects of gum Arabic production. This calls for an evaluation and improvement of agricultural extension services for the gum Arabic producers, which will assist in streamlining good agricultural practices among gum Arabic farmers.
This paper reviews Mali’s 2012–2017 Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy Paper. Mali’s GDP was CFAF 1,741.89 billion in 2012; real growth was ?1.2 percent, that is, excluding inflation (2.7 percent in 2011). The decline of 3.9 points in growth between 2011 and 2012 was finally stemmed, despite the major shocks that Mali had to face in 2012. The dual security and institutional shock had a negative impact on the entire economy, and more particularly on certain subsectors such as construction and public works, the hotel industry, and commerce. The GDP growth rate was ?1.2 percent in 2012, compared with 2.7 percent in 2011.
The Food and Nutrition Security Resilience Programme (FNS-REPRO) is the first programme of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in Eastern Africa specifically designed to foster peace and food security at scale. FNS-REPRO employs a livelihood and resilience-based approach in some of the least stable regions, where interventions are normally exclusively of a humanitarian nature. Its design allows FAO and partners to set good examples of how to build food system resilience in protracted crises and strengthen cooperation across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus towards this end. This report provides the results of analyses conducted during FNS-REPRO’s inception phase in the Sudan, with the aim to inform its area-based interventions, thereby creating a common understanding of the context, and both the challenges and opportunities therein. The context analysis informs and co-creates design, approaches and operational responses, thereby also strengthening the FNS-REPRO learning agenda and evidence-based programming – focused on seed sector development. The publication provides a baseline for the four-year programme in the Sudan, together with the Resilience Baseline (RIMA) report.
