This publication replaces the CIRIA report from 1984, R104 Design of retaining walls embedded in stiff clays. It provides best practice guidance on the selection and design of vertical embedded retaining walls.
The Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) is one of the most well-known techniques in the field of soft computing, an important paradigm in the science and engineering community. This volume, the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Harmony Search Algorithm 2015 (ICHSA 2015), brings together contributions describing the latest developments in the field of soft computing with a special focus on HSA techniques. It includes coverage of new methods that have potentially immense application in various fields. Contributed articles cover aspects of the following topics related to the Harmony Search Algorithm: analytical studies; improved, hybrid and multi-objective variants; parameter tuning; and large-scale applications. The book also contains papers discussing recent advances on the following topics: genetic algorithms; evolutionary strategies; the firefly algorithm and cuckoo search; particle swarm optimization and ant colony optimization; simulated annealing; and local search techniques. This book offers a valuable snapshot of the current status of the Harmony Search Algorithm and related techniques, and will be a useful reference for practising researchers and advanced students in computer science and engineering.
The first book to provide a detailed overview of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls deploy horizontal layers of closely spaced tensile inclusion in the fill material to achieve stability of a soil mass. GRS walls are more adaptable to different environmental conditions, more economical, and offer high performance in a wide range of transportation infrastructure applications. This book addresses both GRS and GMSE, with a much stronger emphasis on the former. For completeness, it begins with a review of shear strength of soils and classical earth pressure theories. It then goes on to examine the use of geosynthetics as reinforcement, and followed by the load-deformation behavior of GRS mass as a soil-geosynthetic composite, reinforcing mechanisms of GRS, and GRS walls with different types of facing. Finally, the book finishes by covering design concepts with design examples for different loading and geometric conditions, and the construction of GRS walls, including typical construction procedures and general construction guidelines. The number of GRS walls and abutments built to date is relatively low due to lack of understanding of GRS. While failure rate of GMSE has been estimated to be around 5%, failure of GRS has been found to be practically nil, with studies suggesting many advantages, including a smaller susceptibility to long-term creep and stronger resistance to seismic loads when well-compacted granular fill is employed. Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls will serve as an excellent guide or reference for wall projects such as transportation infrastructure—including roadways, bridges, retaining walls, and earth slopes—that are in dire need of repair and replacement in the U.S. and abroad. Covers both GRS and GMSE (MSE with geosynthetics as reinforcement); with much greater emphasis on GRS walls Showcases reinforcing mechanisms, engineering behavior, and design concepts of GRS and includes many step-by-step design examples Features information on typical construction procedures and general construction guidelines Includes hundreds of line drawings and photos Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls is an important book for practicing geotechnical engineers and structural engineers, as well as for advanced students of civil, structural, and geotechnical engineering.
This edition retains the three-part approach of the second edition. Part A is an introduction to the essential concepts necessary to procure a piling or retaining wall contract. Part B is the specification and is still the only part of this document intended for incorporation in contracts. Part C provides guidance for use of the specification and essential background information for specifiers and contractors alike. Unlike the second edition, Part 3 guidance notes immediately follow the relevant Part 2 specification requirements. The three sections provide the reader with a full compendium without being overly prescriptive.
UPDATED AND EXPANDED NEW 11TH EDITION. Design guide for earth retaining structures covers nearly every type of earth retaining structure: cantilevered, counterfort, restrained (basement walls), gravity, segmental, sheet pile, soldier pile, and others. Current building code requirements are referenced throughout. Topics include types of retaining structures, basic soil mechanics, design of concrete and masonry walls, lateral earth pressures, seismic design, surcharges, pile and pier foundations, Gabion walls and swimming pool walls. Fourteen varied design examples. Comprehensive Appendix with Glossary of terminology. 257 pages. 8-1/2x11 paperback.
This book describes and explains the many features of ground engineering that require special design attention to ensure safety and adequate performance. It is useful for civil and structural engineers code-drafting committees; clients; structural-design students and public authorities.
Volume 3 of this Handbook deals with foundations. It presents spread foundations starting with basic designs right up the necessary proofs. The section on pile foundations covers possible types of piles and their design, together with their load-bearing capacity, suitability, sample loads and testing. A further chapter explains the use, manufacture and calculation of caissons, illustrated by real-life examples. There is comprehensive coverage of the possibilities for stabilising excavations, together with the relevant area of application, while another section is devoted to the useful application of trench walls. Shore protection is treated in a special contribution covering sheet pile walls, while all types of slope protection and retainments are described in detail with excellent illustrations. Two further contributions are devoted to the special topics of machine foundations and foundations in subsidence regions. The entire book is an indispensable aid in the planning and execution of all types of foundations found in practice, whether for academics or practitioners.
This report explores analytical and design methods for the seismic design of retaining walls, buried structures, slopes, and embankments. The Final Report is organized into two volumes. NCHRP Report 611 is Volume 1 of this study. Volume 2, which is only available online, presents the proposed specifications, commentaries, and example problems for the retaining walls, slopes and embankments, and buried structures.
First published in 1996, this updated guide provides practical advice on the use of ICE (Institute of Civil Engineers) specifications and includes a detailed commentary on each section with references to specific clauses. (Technology & Industrial Arts)