Globalization and Nation States - Challenges and Opportunities for Pakistan
Globalization and Nation States - Challenges and Opportunities for Pakistan

Author: Hassan Jalil Shah

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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The multiple dimensions of globalization include economic, political, cultural and social aspects, with economic globalization taking precedence over the other dimensions and technology as the great enabler of globalization. Globalization and nations state systems have been considered to at tangent to each other ever since the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. The unprecedented pace of technological development has further put the concept of nation in perils. Whereas globalization has eroded the writ of the nation states to an extent, the Covid-19 proved to be a fresh breather to the nations to control movement of personnel, flow of product and goods across their borders.Pakistan, located at geographically consequential location got its independence from British Raj on the basis of Two Nations Theory. However, even after 75 years of its independence, it continues to face stiff regional, economic and political challenges. State securitization vis-à-vis emasculated economy, burgeoning youth and projects like CPEC are viewed with criticality. The era of globalization renders an opportunity to analyze how some other states with identical challenges steered a path that assisted them in surmounting these challenges. In context of globalization, we shall interpret valuable lessons for Pakistan that can help the nation in crafting actionable course to successfully overcome these dauting challenges.This qualitative research, relying on secondary data, follows descriptive research design by adopting case study method. Applying the critical theory of globalization, this study reviews the concept of globalization, its impact on nation states, a discourse analysis has been adopted to enumerate the challenges that Pakistan continues to face in the globalized world. This is followed by case studies of various countries including Turkey, South Korea, Bangladesh and Vietnam to understand how these nations emerged unscathed from the challenges that they withstood.

Nation, Territory, and Globalization in Pakistan
Nation, Territory, and Globalization in Pakistan

Author: Chad Haines

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-05-18

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 9781138086647

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The Karakoram Highway was constructed by the Pakistani state in the 1970s as a major development project that furthered the national interest and solidified state control over the disputed region of northern Pakistan. Focusing on this highway, this book provides a unique analysis of the links between space, travel and history in the formation of the Pakistani nation-state. The book discusses how the highway was a symbol for an imagined national identity, and goes on to look at how it offered Pakistan a pre-Partition history and a fixed territory, by providing a historical link to the Silk Route and a contemporary geographical linkage to Central Asia. Examining the influence of the diverse travellers along the Karakoram Highway, the book shows how global flows of development, trade, labour, and tourism have remapped the Pakistani nation-state and reshaped the local. Providing a fresh perspective on the nation-state of Pakistan, this book is an important contribution to studies on South Asian History, Anthropology, Politics and Geography.

Dislocating Nation-states
Dislocating Nation-states

Author: P. N. Abinales

Publisher: Trans Pacific Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13:

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As much of the world turns its attention to questions of the role and even survival of the nation-state formation in an increasingly globalized world, the authors of this interdisciplinary volume shift the focus of the debate by examining various sites of social action where the nation-state is still in a formative stage even as it is increasingly under threat. Challenges to emergent nation-building arise both from within multi-ethnic "states" as well as from without, e.g., through pressure from international human rights organizations and the global capitalist marketplace. The authors demonstrate, too, that this betwixt and between situation is neither entirely new nor unique to the globalized world system; parallel tensions already existed between locals and migrants of regional trading networks before the European colonizers arrived on the scene to further complicate matters. Including micro level ethnographies, local histories and a macro-theoretical overview of the world-system, this volume directly engages with the complexities of globalization in marginal and troubled states, complexities that are themselves typically marginalized in debates all too often obsessed with the plight of the most powerful and developed nations.

Global Trends 2040
Global Trends 2040

Author: National Intelligence Council

Publisher: Cosimo Reports

Published: 2021-03

Total Pages: 158

ISBN-13: 9781646794973

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"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa
Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa

Author: Mr.Hamid R Davoodi

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2003-09-05

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13: 9781589062290

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The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is an economically diverse region. Despite undertaking economic reforms in many countries, and having considerable success in avoiding crises and achieving macroeconomic stability, the region’s economic performance in the past 30 years has been below potential. This paper takes stock of the region’s relatively weak performance, explores the reasons for this out come, and proposes an agenda for urgent reforms.

Nationalism Reframed
Nationalism Reframed

Author: Rogers Brubaker

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1996-09-28

Total Pages: 220

ISBN-13: 9780521576499

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This study of nationalism in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union develops an original account of the interlocking and opposed nationalisms of national minorities, the nationalizing states in which they live, and the external national homelands to which they are linked by external ties.

Emerging States and Economies
Emerging States and Economies

Author: Takashi Shiraishi

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-11-19

Total Pages: 183

ISBN-13: 9811326347

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This open access book asks why and how some of the developing countries have “emerged” under a set of similar global conditions, what led individual countries to choose the particular paths that led to their “emergence,” and what challenges confront them. If we are to understand the nature of major risks and uncertainties in the world, we must look squarely at the political and economic dynamics of emerging states, such as China, India, Brazil, Russia, and ASEAN countries. Their rapid economic development has changed the distribution of wealth and power in the world. Yet many of them have middle income status. To global governance issues, they tend to adopt approaches that differ from those of advanced industrialized democracies. At home, rapid economic growth and social changes put pressure on their institutions to change. This volume traces the historical trajectories of two major emerging states, China and India, and two city states, Hong Kong and Singapore. It also analyzes cross-country data to find the general patterns of economic development and sociopolitical change in relation to globalization and to the middle income trap.

Rising Powers and Global Governance
Rising Powers and Global Governance

Author: Shahid Javed Burki

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-10-31

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 1137598158

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This book reinforces the need to understand the sources of global change that is taking place and to accommodate it in the world political, social, and economic systems. Linking the United States, China, India, and Russia along with Europe and the Middle East, the author addresses demographics, international trade, technology, and climate change as global challenges that require cooperation in order to be solved. Both academics and policymakers will be enlightened, discovering ways of addressing global change by working together rather than through confrontation.

Growing Up Global
Growing Up Global

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2005-06-25

Total Pages: 721

ISBN-13: 030909528X

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The challenges for young people making the transition to adulthood are greater today than ever before. Globalization, with its power to reach across national boundaries and into the smallest communities, carries with it the transformative power of new markets and new technology. At the same time, globalization brings with it new ideas and lifestyles that can conflict with traditional norms and values. And while the economic benefits are potentially enormous, the actual course of globalization has not been without its critics who charge that, to date, the gains have been very unevenly distributed, generating a new set of problems associated with rising inequality and social polarization. Regardless of how the globalization debate is resolved, it is clear that as broad global forces transform the world in which the next generation will live and work, the choices that today's young people make or others make on their behalf will facilitate or constrain their success as adults. Traditional expectations regarding future employment prospects and life experiences are no longer valid. Growing Up Global examines how the transition to adulthood is changing in developing countries, and what the implications of these changes might be for those responsible for designing youth policies and programs, in particular, those affecting adolescent reproductive health. The report sets forth a framework that identifies criteria for successful transitions in the context of contemporary global changes for five key adult roles: adult worker, citizen and community participant, spouse, parent, and household manager.

State and Nation-Building in Pakistan
State and Nation-Building in Pakistan

Author: Roger D. Long

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-10-08

Total Pages: 233

ISBN-13: 1317448200

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Religion, violence, and ethnicity are all intertwined in the history of Pakistan. The entrenchment of landed interests, operationalized through violence, ethnic identity, and power through successive regimes has created a system of ‘authoritarian clientalism.’ This book offers comparative, historicist, and multidisciplinary views on the role of identity politics in the development of Pakistan. Bringing together perspectives on the dynamics of state-building, the book provides insights into contemporary processes of national contestation which are crucially affected by their treatment in the world media, and by the reactions they elicit within an increasingly globalised polity. It investigates the resilience of landed elites to political and social change, and, in the years after partition, looks at the impact on land holdings of population transfer. It goes on to discuss religious identities and their role in both the construction of national identity and in the development of sectarianism. The book highlights how ethnicity and identity politics are an enduring marker in Pakistani politics, and why they are increasingly powerful and influential. An insightful collection on a range of perspectives on the dynamics of identity politics and the nation-state, this book on Pakistan will be a useful contribution to South Asian Politics, South Asian History, and Islamic Studies.