The key arguments and debates about globalization have raised searching questions about the significance of national and regional borders for the competitive strategies of individuals, firms and industries. Global Competitiveness and Innovation seeks to address these issues by exploring four key topics: The status of economic agents in the emerging global economy; the limits of path dependence and the scope of agent action; the relationship between agents' decision-making and their environments; and agents' learning capacities in a world of information and knowledge creation.
This work focuses on researching and establishing the importance of human capital and innovation as determinants of competitive advantages in international trade—in the context of rapidly evolving technological advancement, globalization, and economic integration. The processes that accompany the shift from industrial economics to a knowledge-based economy are currently the object of interest of both scientists, politicians, investors and entrepreneurs. In many countries, the traditional sources of socioeconomic development, such as low labor costs, availability of inexpensive raw materials, and favorable geographic location are waning. These economies are searching for new sources of competitive advantage that will allow for maintaining growth, among other things by boosting participation in international trade. The book explores non-traditional drivers of competitiveness in both theory and practice. First, chapters 1 through 4 present theoretical and methodological aspects of the relationships among international trade, human capital and innovation. Here the authors address the controversy associated with the concept of competitiveness itself and its measurement, while paying special attention to the political development of comparative advantages related to international trade. The second part of the monograph, chapters 5 through 8, is of empirical nature. This section contains case studies of selected countries that represent models of various national innovation systems. Finally, the theoretical and practical aspects are integrated, allowing policymakers and financial and business leaders to consider how their decisions can influence their countries’ competitive positions through their investments in innovation and human capital.
The key arguments and debates about globalization have raised searching questions about the significance of national and regional borders for the competitive strategies of individuals, firms and industries. Global Competitiveness and Innovation seeks to address these issues by exploring four key topics: The status of economic agents in the emerging global economy; the limits of path dependence and the scope of agent action; the relationship between agents' decision-making and their environments; and agents' learning capacities in a world of information and knowledge creation.
World Bank Technical Paper No. 300. Provides an overview of past experiences with the introduction of agricultural technologies in World Bank-funded projects in Mediterranean climates, with an emphasis on the Middle East and North African region. The authors review the adequacy of present crop and livestock technologies, identify technical and socio-economic constraints on their adoption, and describe prospective technologies for pilot testing and full-scale introduction in future Bank-funded projects.
Based on empirical research of over 240 interviews the authors present new concepts and trends in global R&D management. Case studies from 18 best-practice companies give detailed answers to the most pressing challenges for mastering international innovation. "...a real tour de force, probably destined to become a standard in this field for some time to come." Professor Jeff Huang, Harvard University "A feast of delights... deserves a very wide readership." Phil Gamlen, ICI Technology - Science and Technology Policy Strategy
Industry and academia should capture significant value through adopting design-led innovation to improve opportunities for success. Skills and capabilities should serve as a basis for adopting new breakthroughs in design-driven innovation. The development of an infrastructure and centers of excellence with the capacity to respond to new market needs, combined with enhanced networking capabilities, will allow companies to be more innovative and competitive. The Handbook of Research on Driving Industrial Competitiveness With Innovative Design Principles is an essential publication that focuses on the relationship between innovation and competitiveness in business. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics including open innovation, business incubators, and competitiveness dynamics, this book is ideally designed for entrepreneurs, government officials, executives, managers, investors, policymakers, researchers, academicians, and students interested in furthering their knowledge of pertinent topics on product design and commercialization, new models for academia-industry partnerships, and regional entrepreneurial ecosystems based on design principles.
Innovation continues to drive economic development and business competitiveness. In the past centuries, innovation has been focused around national and international business development. But in the twenty-first century, innovation is occurring in a global context, with the factors of innovation changing for success in global competitiveness. While many innovation theories abound, the real test of validity is an empirical success in using innovation to enter and succeed in global markets. While Japan was the principle success story for innovation and competitiveness in the second half of the twentieth century, Korea now has become the exemplar of global success. What strategies and factors have successful Korean firms implemented to achieve global stature? In 2012, Samsung became the largest electronics company in the world, dominating markets in memory semiconductors and displays and smart phones. Hyundai became the fifth largest automobile manufacturer in global markets. Posco had emerged from a national steel company into a global company. We review modern innovation theory and examine its practices in cases of successful Korean companies which have attained global stature. We will learn from the Korean experience in global competition, six important principles about the interaction between the economy and innovation: (1) a dynamic firm capability in both innovation and capital commitment, (2) an industrial economy-of-scale of innovative production capabilities (3) an industrial economy-of-speed in innovating new products, (4) a strong national research & development capability for advancing technology, (5) a strong national university system for developing educated human resources, and (6) a strong national infrastructure capability for fostering commercialization of new business. Also, we learn that in the global marketplace for any competitive nation, there is no such thing as a 'post-industrial economy'
Innovation continues to drive economic development and business competitiveness. In the past centuries, innovation has been focused around national and international business development. But in the twenty-first century, innovation is occurring in a global context, with the factors of innovation changing for success in global competitiveness. While many innovation theories abound, the real test of validity is an empirical success in using innovation to enter and succeed in global markets. While Japan was the principle success story for innovation and competitiveness in the second half of the twentieth century, Korea now has become the exemplar of global success. What strategies and factors have successful Korean firms implemented to achieve global stature? In 2012, Samsung became the largest electronics company in the world, dominating markets in memory semiconductors and displays and smart phones. Hyundai became the fifth largest automobile manufacturer in global markets. Posco had emerged from a national steel company into a global company. We review modern innovation theory and examine its practices in cases of successful Korean companies which have attained global stature. We will learn from the Korean experience in global competition, six important principles about the interaction between the economy and innovation: (1) a dynamic firm capability in both innovation and capital commitment, (2) an industrial economy-of-scale of innovative production capabilities (3) an industrial economy-of-speed in innovating new products, (4) a strong national research & development capability for advancing technology, (5) a strong national university system for developing educated human resources, and (6) a strong national infrastructure capability for fostering commercialisation of new business. Also, we learn that in the global marketplace for any competitive nation, there is no such thing as a 'post-industrial economy'.
In the post-liberalization period, India has slowly but steadily tried to foster innovation to improve competitive efficiency of Indian manufacturing and thus boost global competitiveness of the industrial sector. Foreign direct investment was looked upon as a major source of technology paradigm shift; in recent times, industrial firms have been investing overseas, even in countries to which they used to export, based on their technological capabilities. Firms in Indian manufacturing industries have also attempted to bring about technological upgrades through imports of design and drawings (disembodied technology) against lump sum, royalty and technical knowhow fees, and imports of capital machinery (embodied technology) where the technology is embodied in the capital good itself. This volume comprises empirical contributions on this emerging phenomenon, on a range of issues including the role of R&D; mergers, acquisitions and technological efforts; technological determinants of competitive advantages; the role of small and medium enterprises and regional patterns; technological efforts and global operations; and the role of industrial clusters in promoting innovation and competitiveness. This book was originally published as a special issue of Innovation and Development.
This book explores how companies combine technological innovation and competitive actions that create new opportunities for business growth in the international market. The complexity of designing today’s technology platforms requires profound knowledge in multiple areas. Technology development and commercialization as an ongoing competitive process involves enabling and inhibiting mechanisms, which govern the speed and acceleration of technological innovation. To compete more effectively, potential competitors are using coopetition and pooling their resources for shared gain in areas where they do not compete directly. Thus, a thorough examination of the current paradigms, theories, and frameworks is needed to increase our understanding of the technology-innovation-competitiveness linkages of business growth. This book brings together recent developments and methodological contributions within technological innovation, international competitiveness, and business growth that bridge the existing gaps and simultaneously advances the debate on this research topic.
