Land exchanges -- trading Federal lands for lands that are owned by corporations, individuals, or state or local governments who are willing to trade -- have long been used by the Dept. of the Interior's Bureau of Land Management & the Forest Service as a tool for acquiring nonfederal land & disposing of Federal land. In 1998 each agency announced several initiatives designed to improve its land exchange program. This report determines: the agencies' use of land exchanges since 1989; the extent to which the agencies ensure that their land exchanges meet exchange requirements; & the effect of the agencies' recent efforts to improve the management of their exchange programs.