Genes and Cardiovascular Function
Genes and Cardiovascular Function

Author: Bohuslav Ostadal

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-08-09

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 1441972072

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Rapid advances in molecular medicine have led to pronounced new developments in experimental and clinical cardiology. In the embrace of modern molecular biology and bridging the gap between the clinical and the genomic, cardiovascular medicine has seen major strides in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression. The ability to rapidly identify candidate human genes for cardiovascular diseases lends itself to the development of diverse strategies for disease treatment and management. The wide variety of gene expressions proffers excellent targets for novel therapeutics. Gene therapy is steadily increasing in viability and represents a fascinating arena of research and clinical focus. This book is based on two international Mendel symposia on “Genes and the Heart,” joint meetings of the Japanese and European sections of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences. Highlighting selected symposia contributions, this book explores the role of molecular biology and genetics in the basic knowledge, genesis, and clinical interventions of cardiovascular diseases.

Genes and Cardiovascular Function
Genes and Cardiovascular Function

Author: Bohuslav Ostadal

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-08-23

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 9781489978042

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Rapid advances in molecular medicine have led to pronounced new developments in experimental and clinical cardiology. In the embrace of modern molecular biology and bridging the gap between the clinical and the genomic, cardiovascular medicine has seen major strides in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression. The ability to rapidly identify candidate human genes for cardiovascular diseases lends itself to the development of diverse strategies for disease treatment and management. The wide variety of gene expressions proffers excellent targets for novel therapeutics. Gene therapy is steadily increasing in viability and represents a fascinating arena of research and clinical focus. This book is based on two international Mendel symposia on “Genes and the Heart,” joint meetings of the Japanese and European sections of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences. Highlighting selected symposia contributions, this book explores the role of molecular biology and genetics in the basic knowledge, genesis, and clinical interventions of cardiovascular diseases.

The Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System

Author: Bruce Stillman

Publisher:

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 566

ISBN-13: 9780879696788

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Normal cardiovascular function requires the concerted action of many cell types, each capable of adaptive gene expression in response to developmental, physiological, and pathological cues. The genetic basis of cardiovascular function, development, and disease is an area of intense investigation, in the hope of significant insights into the heart and vessels? basic workings and improvements in diagnosis and therapy. This latest volume in a prestigious book series presents a remarkable survey of current progress in these efforts, through the contributions of over fifty of the world's leading investigators. Sections are devoted to angiogenesis, cardiogenesis, homeostasis, development, vascular biology, and cardiovascular repair and therapy. The book is an essential source of ideas, discoveries, and references for clinical scientists and physicians interested in basic cardiac biology, hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and heart failure.

Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements
Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements

Author: Leslie A. Pray

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780309297493

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Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine in August 2013 to review the available science on safe levels of caffeine consumption in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements and to identify data gaps. Scientists with expertise in food safety, nutrition, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology, and related disciplines; medical professionals with pediatric and adult patient experience in cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry; public health professionals; food industry representatives; regulatory experts; and consumer advocates discussed the safety of caffeine in food and dietary supplements, including, but not limited to, caffeinated beverage products, and identified data gaps. Caffeine, a central nervous stimulant, is arguably the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. Occurring naturally in more than 60 plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cocoa pods, caffeine has been part of innumerable cultures for centuries. But the caffeine-in-food landscape is changing. There are an array of new caffeine-containing energy products, from waffles to sunflower seeds, jelly beans to syrup, even bottled water, entering the marketplace. Years of scientific research have shown that moderate consumption by healthy adults of products containing naturally-occurring caffeine is not associated with adverse health effects. The changing caffeine landscape raises concerns about safety and whether any of these new products might be targeting populations not normally associated with caffeine consumption, namely children and adolescents, and whether caffeine poses a greater health risk to those populations than it does for healthy adults. This report delineates vulnerable populations who may be at risk from caffeine exposure; describes caffeine exposure and risk of cardiovascular and other health effects on vulnerable populations, including additive effects with other ingredients and effects related to pre-existing conditions; explores safe caffeine exposure levels for general and vulnerable populations; and identifies data gaps on caffeine stimulant effects.

Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases

Author: Nikolaos Papageorgiou

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-08-05

Total Pages: 254

ISBN-13: 0128033134

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Cardiovascular Diseases: Genetic Susceptibility, Environmental Factors and Their Interaction covers the special heritability characteristics and identifying genetic and environmental contributions to cardiovascular health. This important reference provides an overview of the genetic basis of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Included are important topics, ranging from lifestyle choices, risk factors, and exposure, to pollutants and chemicals. Also covered are the influences of Mendelian traits and familial aggregation and the interactions and interrelationships between genetics and environmental factors which, when compared, provide a sound understanding of the interplay between inherited and acquired risk factors. The book provides a much needed reference for this rapidly growing field of study. By combining the latest research within the structured chapters of this reference, a better understanding of genetic and environmental contribution to cardiovascular disease is found, helping to substantiate further investigations in the field and design prevention and treatment strategies. Provides an overview of the genetic basis of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors Reviews several large population-based studies which indicate that exposure to several environmental factors may increase CVD morbidity and mortality, exploring the plausibility of this association by data from animal studies Reflects on future studies to help understanding the role of genes and environmental factors in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease

Genetic Approaches to Coronary Heart Disease and Hypertension
Genetic Approaches to Coronary Heart Disease and Hypertension

Author: Kare Berg

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 3642768911

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Cardiovascular diseases are the principal cause of mortality in many developed countries and are increasing in importance in developing countries where communicable diseases are being brought under control. It is estimated that coronary heart disease (CRD) and cerebrovascular diseases are responsible for between 40-50% of all deaths. Righ blood pressure is common in all industrialized societies and contributes importantly to CRD. It is well known that genetic factors play an important role in the etiology and pathogenes es of cardiovascular diseases and contribute to an individual's susceptibility or resistance to the disease. The application of modern genetic techniques has resulted in the identification of polymorphie markers that are involved in the normal regulation and function of the cardiovascular system. Many of these may contribute to the individual differences in the risk for CRD and hypertension. It is now known that several risk factors or protective factors with respect to cardiovascular diseases are strongly influenced by genes, and it is now possible to identify individual genes contributing to cardiovascular risk. A large bank of genetic knowledge relevant to CRD and hypertension has become available during the past years. As a result, it is now believed that CRD, for example, could be a good model for a feasibility study to determine a way by which preventive measures can be applied.

Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow
Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow

Author: Michitoshi Inoue

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-09

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 4431683674

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Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.

The Multigenic Basis for Human Cardiovascular Disease
The Multigenic Basis for Human Cardiovascular Disease

Author: Dekker Colin Deacon

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 126

ISBN-13: 9781321941005

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The cardiovascular system is critically important in the transport of oxygen and nutrients in higher organisms. Much is known about the genetic basis for cardiovascular disease and yet it is becoming increasingly clear that we do not fully understand how changes in a patient's genetic makeup affects their cardiovascular function. This dissertation is comprised of several projects related by their investigation of, and applications towards, the multigenic basis for cardiovascular disease. The goal of the first study was to determine the contribution of common genetic variation to establishing human heart rate variability (Chapter 2). We determined that a variant in the 3'-UTR of CYB561 was associated with heart rate variability and elucidated the molecular and functional consequences of microRNA regulation of CYB561 in establishing heart rate. The second study (Chapter 3) describes a novel technique for generating patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with several advantages over exiting methods. We determined iPSCs derived via this method were capable of differentiating into cells of all three germ layers including contractile cardiomyocytes. The third study (Chapter 4) describes the use of iPSC to study the genetic, molecular, and cellular basis for Danon disease in human cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes harboring mutations in the LAMP2 gene exhibited increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis, and calcium handling dysregulation. The fourth and final study of this dissertation (Chapter 5) examines the digenic basis for cardiomyopathy within a large family presenting with high rates of dilated cardiomyopathy. We identified novel variants in the genes VINCULIN and TROPOMYOSION1 and determined that these variants cosegregated among all affected family members and combinatorially predispose to dilated cardiomyopathy. We introduced these variants into mice and observed that the combination of these variants results in diminished contractile function of the mouse heart consistent with patient phenotypes. These studies describe new findings concerning the genetic basis for cardiovascular disease and advancing techniques that will enable the further study of genetic interaction of novel variants. A better understanding of the multigenic genetic basis for disease may promote novel therapeutic strategies to help address the worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality.

Cardiovascular Genomics
Cardiovascular Genomics

Author: Mohan K. Raizada

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-02-24

Total Pages: 367

ISBN-13: 1592598838

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Recognized scientists and clinicians from around the world discuss the most recent molecular approaches to understanding the cardiovascular system in both health and disease. The authors focus on all components of the system, including blood vessels, heart, kidneys, and the brain, and cover disease states ranging from vascular and cardiac dysfunction to stroke and hypertension. The methods described for identifying the genes that cause susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases emphasize the possibility of discovering new drug targets. Authoritative and ground-breaking, Cardiovascular Genomics offers an unprecedented examination of both the cutting-edge scientific approaches now possible and the results obtained from them in the new science of cardiovascular genomics.

Sex-Specific Analysis of Cardiovascular Function
Sex-Specific Analysis of Cardiovascular Function

Author: Peter L. M. Kerkhof

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-07-26

Total Pages: 734

ISBN-13: 331977932X

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This book gathers together contributions from internationally renowned authors in the field of cardiovascular systems and provides crucial insight into the importance of sex- and gender-concepts during the analysis of patient data. This innovative title is the first to offer the elements necessary to consider sex-related properties in both clinical and basic studies regarding the heart and circulation on multiscale levels (i.e. molecular, cellular, electrophysiologically, neuroendocrine, immunoregulatory, organ, allometric, and modeling). Observed differences at (ultra)cellular and organ level are quantified, with focus on clinical relevance and implications for diagnosis and patient management. Since the cardiovascular system is of vital importance for all tissues, Sex-Specific Analysis of Cardiovascular Function is an essential source of information for clinicians, biologists, and biomedical investigators. The wide spectrum of differences described in this book will also act as an eye-opener and serve as a handbook for students, teachers, scientists and practitioners.