Gene Pool Diversity and Crop Improvement

Gene Pool Diversity and Crop Improvement

Author: Vijay Rani Rajpal

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-02-02

Total Pages: 487

ISBN-13: 3319270966

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The world population is estimated to reach to more than 10 billion by the year 2050. These projections pose a challenging situation for the agricultural scientists to increase crops productivity to meet the growing food demands. The unavailability and/or inaccessibility to appropriate gene pools with desired traits required to carry out genetic improvement of various crop species make this task formidable for the plant breeders. Incidentally, most of the desired genes reside in the wild genetic relatives of the crop species. Therefore, exploration and characterization of wild genetic resources of important crop species is vital for the efficient utilization of these gene pools for sustainable genetic improvements to assure food security. Further, understanding the myriad complexities of genic and genomic interactions among species, more particularly of wild relatives of crop species and/or phylogenetically distant germplasm, can provide the necessary inputs to increase the effectiveness of genetic improvement through traditional and/or genetic engineering methods. This book provides comprehensive and latest insights on the evolutionary genesis of diversity, access and its utilization in the evolution of various crop species. A comprehensive account of various crops, origin, exploitation of the primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools through breeding, biosystematical, cytogenetical and molecular phylogenetical relationships, and genetic enhancement through biotechnological interventions among others have been provided as the necessary underpinnings to consolidate information on the effective and sustainable utilization of the related genetic resources. The book stresses upon the importance of wild germplasm exploration, characterization and exploitation in the assimilation of important crop species. The book is especially intended for students and scientists working on the genetic improvement of crop species. Plant Breeders, Geneticists, Taxonomists, Molecular Biologists and Plant Biotechnologists working on crop species are going to find this book very useful.


Horizontal Gene Pool

Horizontal Gene Pool

Author: Christopher M. Thomas

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2003-09-02

Total Pages: 459

ISBN-13: 0203304330

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Bacteria are the most ubiquitous of all organisms. Responsible for a number of diseases and for many of the chemical cycles on which life depends, they are genetically adaptable. Vital to this adaptability is the existence of autonomous genetic elements-plasmids-which promote genetic exchange and recombination. The genes carried by any particular plasmid may be found in only a few individuals of any species but can also be shared with other species and thus constitute a horizontal gene pool. This book explains the various contributions that plasmids make to this pool: the replication, stable inheritance and transfer modules, the phenotypic markers they carry, the way they evolve, the ways they contribute to their host population and the approaches that we use to study and classify them. It also looks at what we know about their activity in natural communities and the way that they interact with other mobile elements to promote bacterial evolution.


Physician to the Gene Pool

Physician to the Gene Pool

Author: James V. Neel

Publisher:

Published: 1994-03-28

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13:

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We witness the full horror of the nuclear devastation wreaked upon Hiroshima and Nagasaki, where he went as part of the first team to study the genetic effects of exposure to radiation. And we journey with him as, with wife Priscilla by his side, he travels deep into the Amazon basin to conduct his classic population studies of the Yanomama.


Dead End Gene Pool

Dead End Gene Pool

Author: Wendy Burden

Publisher: Penguin

Published: 2010-04-01

Total Pages: 229

ISBN-13: 1101186186

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In the tradition of Sean Wilsey's Oh The Glory of It All and Augusten Burrough's Running With Scissors, the great-great-great granddaughter of Cornelius Vanderbilt gives readers a grand tour of the world of wealth and WASPish peculiarity, in her irreverent and darkly humorous memoir. For generations the Burdens were one of the wealthiest families in New York, thanks to the inherited fortune of Cornelius "The Commodore" Vanderbilt. By 1955, the year of Wendy's birth, the Burden's had become a clan of overfunded, quirky and brainy, steadfastly chauvinistic, and ultimately doomed bluebloods on the verge of financial and moral decline-and were rarely seen not holding a drink. In Dead End Gene Pool, Wendy invites readers to meet her tragically flawed family, including an uncle with a fondness for Hitler, a grandfather who believes you can never have enough household staff, and a remarkably flatulent grandmother. At the heart of the story is Wendy's glamorous and aloof mother who, after her husband's suicide, travels the world in search of the perfect sea and ski tan, leaving her three children in the care of a chain- smoking Scottish nanny, Fifth Avenue grandparents, and an assorted cast of long-suffering household servants (who Wendy and her brothers love to terrorize). Rife with humor, heartbreak, family intrigue, and booze, Dead End Gene Pool offers a glimpse into the fascinating world of old money and gives truth to an old maxim: The rich are different.


Meta-Heuristics

Meta-Heuristics

Author: Ibrahim H. Osman

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 676

ISBN-13: 1461313619

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Meta-heuristics have developed dramatically since their inception in the early 1980s. They have had widespread success in attacking a variety of practical and difficult combinatorial optimization problems. These families of approaches include, but are not limited to greedy random adaptive search procedures, genetic algorithms, problem-space search, neural networks, simulated annealing, tabu search, threshold algorithms, and their hybrids. They incorporate concepts based on biological evolution, intelligent problem solving, mathematical and physical sciences, nervous systems, and statistical mechanics. Since the 1980s, a great deal of effort has been invested in the field of combinatorial optimization theory in which heuristic algorithms have become an important area of research and applications. This volume is drawn from the first conference on Meta-Heuristics and contains 41 papers on the state-of-the-art in heuristic theory and applications. The book treats the following meta-heuristics and applications: Genetic Algorithms, Simulated Annealing, Tabu Search, Networks & Graphs, Scheduling and Control, TSP, and Vehicle Routing Problems. It represents research from the fields of Operations Research, Management Science, Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science.


Heritable Human Genome Editing

Heritable Human Genome Editing

Author: The Royal Society

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2021-01-16

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 0309671132

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Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.


Gene Pool

Gene Pool

Author: Mich R. F. Jones

Publisher: Independently Published

Published: 2019-04-30

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 9781096382539

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This is the latest edition of Gene Pool: Creation and replaces the old version still on sale in a very few shops. The world's scientists have joined together to form the 'Gathering of Doctors' and warn the Senate that the gene pool of their species has become dangerously restricted. Increased genetic variation is needed to ensure their survival. The Senate and the military are disgusted at the suggestion that the purity of their species is a weakness and forbid any attempts to change this. Forced to work in secret, the scientists geo-engineer a distant planet which they populate with hybrids of their own kind. All goes well until some of the scientists succumb to temptation and visit the planet's surface. Horrific events spiral out of their control and the military discover the planet. Armed forces are on their way to destroy everything that the scientists have worked to achieve. Will anyone survive?


The Selfish Gene

The Selfish Gene

Author: Richard Dawkins

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1989

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 9780192860927

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Science need not be dull and bogged down by jargon, as Richard Dawkins proves in this entertaining look at evolution. The themes he takes up are the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinshiptheory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences. 'Should be read, can be read by almost anyone. It describes with great skill a new face of the theory of evolution.' W.D. Hamilton, Science


Reflections on the Gene Pool

Reflections on the Gene Pool

Author: Daisy Wollangk

Publisher: AuthorHouse

Published: 2008-09

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 1434397130

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The Gene Pool (Or else, perhaps, Something in the Water) Every family has its own peculiarities, its funny little, off-beat traditions or characteristic features--oh yes, she's got the Haberman eyes--. This family happens to write poetry. It must be something in the genes, or else in the water! During the American Civil War, an ancestor wrote home from a Southern Prison elegant poetic lines about the struggle and agony there. His granddaughter, Daisy Wollangk wrote witty lines which her family and friends treasured, but which were never distributed to the general public. Katy Haberman, daughter of Daisy, started writing poetry while still a child and continues to this day, and her daughter, Jillian Haberman is already a published author as well as a poet--it's a "family thing".