The study investigates the working of the Indian stock market in recent years and attempts to look for functional instability, if any, embedded in the stock market. Specifically, it explores to discern whether there been any significant change in recent years in Indian stock market and the nature and characteristics of such changes, if any. It chooses the nine year period from 1999 to 2008. Over this period, stock market witnessed some major price changes: one in late 1999 that ended in mid 2001, another that commenced from mid 2004 and a recent one that in effect commenced from early 2008. There is significant volatility in the market with presence of risk premium;there is asymmetric impact. The market responds more to the negative shocks. The global stock market is having its influence on Indian stock market. The impact of developed country effect, particularly, that of US stock market has been the most prominent. There is some evidence for regional contagion. When we look at the domestic sectors, we see that the traditional sectors, -Capital Goods and Consumer Durables,are the two most predominant sectors. Other sectors, particularly the IT sector, have only a mild, almost insignificant impact on market volatility and transmits very little of its volatility to other sectors.
The most recent high-profile advocate for Americans with disabilities, actor Christopher Reeve, has highlighted for the public the economic and social costs of disability and the importance of rehabilitation. Enabling America is a major analysis of the field of rehabilitation science and engineering. The book explains how to achieve recognition for this evolving field of study, how to set priorities, and how to improve the organization and administration of the numerous federal research programs in this area. The committee introduces the "enabling-disability process" model, which enhances the concepts of disability and rehabilitation, and reviews what is known and what research priorities are emerging in the areas of: Pathology and impairment, including differences between children and adults. Functional limitationsâ€"in a person's ability to eat or walk, for example. Disability as the interaction between a person's pathologies, impairments, and functional limitations and the surrounding physical and social environments. This landmark volume will be of special interest to anyone involved in rehabilitation science and engineering: federal policymakers, rehabilitation practitioners and administrators, researchers, and advocates for persons with disabilities.
This issue of Hand Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Julie E. Adams, will cover a number of essential topics surrounding Managing Axial Instability of the Forearm. This issue is one of four issues selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Dr. Kevin Chung. Topics in this issue will include: Problems of Eponymous Proportions: the history of our recognition of forearm instability issues, Biomechanical factors in stability of the forearm, Chronic Distal Radiolunar instability, Acute distal radioulnar joint instability, Galeazzi injuries, Essex Lopresti - evaluation and treatment considerations, Management of Monteggia Injuries in the Pediatric Patient, Management of Moteggia Injuries in the Adult, Elbow instability: evaluation and Treatment, Elbow fracture dislocations, Rehabilitation of the unstable elbow, Solutions for the unstable and arthritic distal radioulnar joint, and Solutions for the unstable and arthritic elbow joint, among others.
This issue of Clinics in Sports Medicine focuses on athletic injuries in the military population. The young, active individuals participate in a wide range of athletic and military activities that results in high injury rates as well as extreme performance demands. Military sports medicine physicians have provided many advances in the care of athletic injuries in the past and continue to pursue this today.
Back Pain: a movement problem is a practical manual to assist all students and clinicians concerned with the evaluation, diagnosis and management of the movement related problems seen in those with spinal pain disorders. It offers an integrative model of posturomovement dysfunction which describes the more commonly observed features and related key patterns of altered control. This serves as a framework, guiding the practitioner's assessment of the individual patient. - Examines aspects of motor control and functional movement in the spine, its development, and explores probable reasons why it is altered in people with back pain - Maps the more common clinical patternsof presentation in those with spinal pain and provides a simple clinical classification system based upon posturomovement impairments - Integrates contemporary science with the insights of extensive clinical practice - Integrates manual and exercise therapy and provides guiding principles for more rational therapeutic interventions: - which patterns of movement in general need to be encouraged - which to lessen and how to do so - Abundantly illustrated to present concepts and to illustrate the difference between so-called normal and dysfunctrional presentations - Written by a practitioner for practitioners
The discovery of the negative feedback of thyroid hormones on pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion, a classical endocrine feedback control system, has shaped diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease for the last decades. Based on this concept, a unique diagnostic category of subclinical thyroid disorders was introduced, being defined exclusively by an abnormal TSH response in the presence of thyroid hormone concentrations within the reference range. Although this approach was able to deliver a conceptually straightforward disease definition problems surfaced in clinical practice as neither the diagnostic reference range nor the appropriate threshold for initiating substitution treatment are universally agreed upon for subclinical thyroid disorders. The situation is further aggravated by the so-called syndrome T, which comprises a substantial but heterogeneous group of L-T4 treated patients with hypothyroidism with reduced quality of life despite “normal” TSH values. A limited understanding of the physiological relationships between TSH and thyroid hormones may be a main reason for clinical difficulties in dealing with the causes of syndrome T and tailoring substitution therapy for hypothyroid patients with subclinical thyroid disorders. Feedback regulation has recently been shown to be much more complex than previously assumed. The concept of homeostatic control has also been extended to include the lesser known but equally important allostatic thyroid regulation.The latter aims at adaptive homeostasis or stability through changing setpoints and modulating structural parameters of feedback control, as may be appropriate to adapt to a vast array of conditions spanning from fetal life, aging, pregnancy, exercise, starvation, obesity, psychiatric disorders to the severe non-thyroidal illness syndrome. A better understanding of homeostatic and allostatic mechanisms, which govern the behaviour of pituitary-thyroid feedback control, is on the horizon. This promises to improve the diagnostic utility of laboratory methods, laying the foundation for personalised methods to optimise dosage and modality of substitution therapy. The emerging new world of thyroid physiology is reflected on the side of clinical medicine in a new, relational paradigm for diagnosis and treatment. Considerable progress has been made in this respect in the following key areas: • the significance of complementary information processing structures within the feedback loop, in particular ultrashort feedback of TSH on its own secretion and the action of a TSH-T3 shunt unburdening the thyroid from T4 synthesis in imminent thyroid failure, • the unravelling of spatio-temporal dynamics of hormone concentrations ranging from ultradian to circannual rhythms and including hysteresis effects, • the emergence of “non-canonical” mechanisms of thyroid hormone signalling beyond transcriptional control of gene expression, • the physiological actions of thyronine metabolites, which have been previously regarded as biologically inactive, such as thyronamines and iodothyroacetates, • the characterisation of distinct patterns in the adaptive processes to stress and strain and their conclusive explanation through reactions to type 1 and type 2 allostatic load. This collective volume contains the contributions to the Research Topic “Homeostasis and Allostasis of Thyroid Function”, which was originally published by the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology. Authored by an international team of experts from three continents ,the book provides a comprehensive overview on thyroid control from recent research in basic, computational and clinical thyroidology. Many aspects addressed here can be expected to stimulate future research. A more comprehensive view and better integration of in-vitro, in-silico and in-vivo investigations will be invaluable in paving the way to this new world of thyroidology.
Showcasing the very latest in the theory, research and practice of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) across a range of clinical applications, including eating disorders, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, PTSD and substance abuse, with contributions from leading ACT practitioners including co-founders Kirk Strosahl, Kelly Wilson and Rob Zettle. Chapters range from detailed treatments of the scientific and theoretical aspects of the ACT model and research program, to detailed discussions of how to apply ACT to a variety of human problems. Divided into two parts, the first section features theoretical treatments of ACT, with the second (and larger) section presenting extended descriptions of how to apply ACT in different contexts. This rich content mix reflects the strengths of the contextual behavioral science (CBS) research program espoused by Michael Levin and Steven Hayes from the University of Nevada. In the end, ACT is an applied treatment model, and as such, it lives and dies by its ability to effectively benefit a wide variety of clients. In order to make the treatment increasingly effective and to maximize understanding about precisely how the treatment works, its tenets must be theoretically coherent, firmly based on empirically tried and true principles, and must have its active psychological processes clearly identified and sufficiently assessed. This book clearly demonstrates such a mix of full application, an appreciation of basic-applied research linkage, clear and behaviorally-consistent conceptualization of specific problem areas, and coherent explication of the ACT model. This book will not only tell you what to do with clients struggling with various problems, it will also tell you how those things work.
