Fuel Economy Regulations for Automobiles - Technical Amendments and Corrections - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Fuel Economy Regulations for Automobiles - Technical Amendments and Corrections - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: The Law The Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-07-21

Total Pages: 46

ISBN-13: 9781723519574

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Fuel Economy Regulations for Automobiles - Technical Amendments and Corrections - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Fuel Economy Regulations for Automobiles - Technical Amendments and Corrections - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 EPA is taking direct final action amending and correcting portions of the Environmental Protection Agency's existing fuel economy and emission regulations. This action makes some minor corrections and amendments to EPA's December 27th 2006 final rule for fuel economy labeling requirements for cars and light trucks, including a slight revision to the minivan definition. This action also makes changes to EPA regulations to administer the Department of Transportation's (DOT's) 2008-2011 model year passenger automobile and light truck corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards. Changes include adding reporting requirements for manufacturers to report to EPA their applicable reformed CAFE fuel economy standards (also called "required fuel economy levels") and reporting the basis for determining such "required fuel economy levels." This book contains: - The complete text of the Fuel Economy Regulations for Automobiles - Technical Amendments and Corrections - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Revisions and Additions to Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy Label - Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Revisions and Additions to Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy Label - Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-09

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 9781726465281

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Revisions and Additions to Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy Label - Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Revisions and Additions to Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy Label - Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) are issuing a joint final rule establishing new requirements for the fuel economy and environment label that will be posted on the window sticker of all new automobiles sold in the U.S. The labeling requirements apply for model year 2013 and later vehicles with a voluntary manufacturer option for model year 2012. The labeling requirements apply to passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium duty passenger vehicles such as larger sport-utility vehicles and vans. The redesigned label provides expanded information to American consumers about new vehicle fuel economy and fuel consumption, greenhouse gas and smog-forming emissions, and projected fuel costs and savings, and also includes a smartphone interactive code that permits direct access to additional Web resources. Specific label designs are provided for gasoline, diesel, ethanol flexible fuel, compressed natural gas, electric, plug-in hybrid electric, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. This rulemaking is in response to provisions in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 that imposed several new labeling requirements and new advanced-technology vehicles entering the market. NHTSA and EPA believe that these changes will help consumers to make more informed vehicle purchase decisions, particularly as the future automotive marketplace provides more diverse vehicle technologies from which consumers may choose. These new label requirements do not affect the methodologies that EPA uses to generate consumer fuel economy estimates, or the automaker compliance values for NHTSA's corporate average fuel economy and EPA's greenhouse gas emissions standards. This action also finalizes a number of technical corrections to EPA's light-duty greenhouse gas emission standards program. This book contains: - The complete text of the Revisions and Additions to Motor Vehicle Fuel Economy Label - Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Heavy-duty Engine and Vehicle, and Nonroad Technical Amendments, Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation, 2018

Heavy-duty Engine and Vehicle, and Nonroad Technical Amendments, Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation, 2018

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-08-20

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 9781725986428

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle, and Nonroad Technical Amendments (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle, and Nonroad Technical Amendments (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 EPA and NHTSA, on behalf of the Department of Transportation, are each adopting corrections to provisions in our respective Medium- and Heavy-Duty Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Fuel Efficiency final rule issued on September 15, 2011. These amendments eliminate duplicative reporting requirements, reduce inadvertent minor differences between the EPA and NHTSA programs regarding such matters as voluntary early model year compliance, better align testing procedures to market realities, and reduce unnecessary testing burdens. This action also separately amends several regulations exclusive to EPA by: adjusting the provisions of the replacement engine exemption, expanding EPA's discretion to allow greater flexibility under the Transition Program for Equipment Manufacturers related to the Tier 4 standards for nonroad diesel engines, specifying multiple versions of the applicable SAE standard for demonstrating that fuel lines for nonroad spark-ignition engines above 19 kilowatts meet permeation requirements, and allowing for the use of the ethanol-based test fuel specified by the California Air Resources Board for nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below 19 kilowatts. Some of the individual EPA-only provisions of this action may have minor impacts on the costs and emission reductions of the underlying regulatory programs amended in this action, though in most cases these are simple technical amendments. For those provisions that may have a minor impact on the costs or benefits of the amended regulatory program, any potential impacts would be small and we have not attempted to quantify the potential changes. This book contains: - The complete text of the Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle, and Nonroad Technical Amendments (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Light-duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards - Final Rule, Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation, 2018

Light-duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards - Final Rule, Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation, 2018

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-08-21

Total Pages: 684

ISBN-13: 9781726017275

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards - Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards - Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 EPA and NHTSA are issuing this joint Final Rule to establish a National Program consisting of new standards for light-duty vehicles that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve fuel economy. This joint Final Rule is consistent with the National Fuel Efficiency Policy announced by President Obama on May 19, 2009, responding to the country's critical need to address global climate change and to reduce oil consumption. EPA is finalizing greenhouse gas emissions standards under the Clean Air Act, and NHTSA is finalizing Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended. These standards apply to passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles, covering model years 2012 through 2016, and represent a harmonized and consistent National Program. Under the National Program, automobile manufacturers will be able to build a single light-duty national fleet that satisfies all requirements under both programs while ensuring that consumers still have a full range of vehicle choices. NHTSA's final rule also constitutes the agency's Record of Decision for purposes of its National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analysis. This book contains: - The complete text of the Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards - Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Automotive Fuel Economy

Automotive Fuel Economy

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1992-02-01

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 0309045304

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This volume presents realistic estimates for the level of fuel economy that is achievable in the next decade for cars and light trucks made in the United States and Canada. A source of objective and comprehensive information on the topic, this book takes into account real-world factors such as the financial conditions in the automotive industry, costs and benefits to consumers, and marketability of high-efficiency vehicles. The committee is composed of experts from the fields of science, technology, finance, and regulation and offers practical evaluations of technological improvements that could contribute to increased fuel efficiency. The volume also examines potential barriers to improvement, such as high production costs, regulations on safety and emissions, and consumer preferences. This practical book is of considerable interest to car and light truck manufacturers, policymakers, federal and state agencies, and the public.


Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and Marpol Annex VI Implementation (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and Marpol Annex VI Implementation (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-09-04

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 9781727067767

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and MARPOL Annex VI Implementation (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and MARPOL Annex VI Implementation (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking direct final action on several amendments involving technical clarifications for different mobile source regulations. First, we are making a variety of corrections to the Tier 3 motor vehicle emission and fuel standards. These changes generally correct or clarify various provisions from the Tier 3 rule without expanding the Tier 3 program or otherwise making substantive changes. Second, we are revising the test procedures and compliance provisions for nonroad spark-ignition engines at or below 19 kW (and for the corresponding nonroad equipment) to conform to current practices. The changes to evaporative emission test procedures also apply to some degree to other types of nonroad equipment powered by volatile liquid fuels. Third, we are addressing an ambiguity regarding permissible design approaches for portable fuel containers meeting evaporative emission standards. Fourth, we are revising the regulations to more carefully align with current requirements that apply to marine vessels with diesel engines as specified under MARPOL Annex VI. Fifth, we are correcting typographical errors in regulatory changes finalized in the Voluntary Quality Assurance Program rulemaking. This book contains: - The complete text of the Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards, Nonroad Engine and Equipment Programs, and MARPOL Annex VI Implementation (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Fuel Economy Labeling of Motor Vehicles - Revisions to Improve Calculation of Fuel Economy Estimates (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Fuel Economy Labeling of Motor Vehicles - Revisions to Improve Calculation of Fuel Economy Estimates (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: The Law The Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-07-21

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 9781723519499

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Fuel Economy Labeling of Motor Vehicles - Revisions To Improve Calculation of Fuel Economy Estimates (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Fuel Economy Labeling of Motor Vehicles - Revisions To Improve Calculation of Fuel Economy Estimates (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing changes to the methods used to calculate the fuel economy estimates that are posted on window stickers of all new cars and light trucks sold in the United States. This final rule will greatly improve the EPA fuel economy estimates to more accurately inform consumers about the fuel economy they can expect to achieve in the real world. The new test methods take into account several important factors that affect fuel economy in the real world, but are missing from the existing fuel economy tests. Key among these factors are high speeds, aggressive accelerations and decelerations, the use of air conditioning, and operation in cold temperatures. Under the new methods, the city miles per gallon (mpg) estimates for the manufacturers of most vehicles will drop by about 12 percent on average relative to today's estimates, and city mpg estimates for some vehicles will drop by as much as 30 percent. The highway mpg estimates for most vehicles will drop on average by about 8 percent, with some estimates dropping by as much as 25 percent relative to today's estimates. These changes will take effect starting with 2008 model year vehicles, available at dealers in 2007. We also are adopting a new fuel economy label design with a new look and updated information that should be more useful to prospective car buyers. The new label features more prominent fuel cost information, an easy-to-use graphic for comparing the fuel economy of different vehicles, clearer text, and a Web site address for more information. Manufacturers will be phasing in the new design during the 2008 model year. Finally, for the first time we are requiring fuel economy labeling of certain passenger vehicles between 8,500 and 10,000 lbs gross vehicle weight rating. Because of the Department of Transportation's recent regulation that brings medium-duty passenger vehicles into the Corporate Average Fuel Economy program starting in 2011, EPA is now statutorily obligated to include these vehicles in the fuel economy labeling program. Medium-duty passenger vehicles are a subset of vehicles between 8,500 and 10,000 lbs gross vehicle weight that includes large sport utility vehicles and vans, but not pickup trucks. Vehicle manufacturers are required to post fuel economy labels on medium-duty passenger vehicles beginning with the 2011 model year. This book contains: - The complete text of the Fuel Economy Labeling of Motor Vehicles - Revisions To Improve Calculation of Fuel Economy Estimates (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-09

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13: 9781726462303

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 EPA is issuing this direct final rule to amend the definition of heating oil in the Renewable Fuel Standard ("RFS" or "RFS2") program under section 211(o) of the Clean Air Act. This amendment will expand the scope of renewable fuels that can generate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) as heating oil to include fuel oil produced from qualifying renewable biomass that will be used to generate heat to warm buildings or other facilities where people live, work, recreate, or conduct other activities. Fuel oils used to generate process heat, power, or other functions will not be included in the amended definition. Producers or importers of fuel oil that meets the amended definition of heating oil will be allowed to generate RINs, provided that the fuel oil meets the other requirements specified in the RFS regulations. This amendment will not modify or limit fuel included in the current definition of heating oil. EPA is also amending the requirements under EPA's diesel sulfur program related to the sulfur content of locomotive and marine diesel fuel produced by transmix processors. These amendments will allow locomotive and marine diesel fuel produced by transmix processors to meet a maximum 500 parts per million (ppm) sulfur standard provided that; the fuel is used in older technology locomotive and marine engines that do not require 15 ppm sulfur diesel fuel, the fuel is used outside of the Northeast Mid-Atlantic Area, and the fuel is kept segregated from other fuel. These amendments will provide significant regulatory relief for transmix processors while having a neutral or net positive environmental impact. EPA is also amending the fuel marker requirements for 500 ppm sulfur locomotive and marine (LM) diesel fuel to address an oversight in the original rulemaking where the regulations failed to incorporate provisions described in the rulemaking preamble to allow for solvent yellow 124 marker to transition out of the distribution system. This book contains: - The complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Modifications to Renewable Fuel Standard and Diesel Sulfur Programs - Direct Final Rule (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section


Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2015-09-28

Total Pages: 812

ISBN-13: 0309373913

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.


Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Removal of Reformulated Gasoline Oxygen Content Requirement (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Removal of Reformulated Gasoline Oxygen Content Requirement (Us Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (Epa) (2018 Edition)

Author: Law Library

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-09

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13: 9781726462587

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Removal of Reformulated Gasoline Oxygen Content Requirement (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Removal of Reformulated Gasoline Oxygen Content Requirement (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 In the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (Energy Policy Act), Congress amended section 211(k) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) to remove the oxygen content requirement for reformulated gasoline (RFG). On February 22, 2006, EPA published a direct final rule to amend regulations to remove the oxygen content standard and associated compliance requirements from the RFG regulations. We stated in the direct final rule that if EPA received adverse comment, we would publish a timely withdrawal of the provisions on which we received adverse comment and address the adverse comments in a subsequent final rule based on a parallel notice of proposed rulemaking also published on February 22, 2006. We received adverse comment on the amendments to remove the oxygen content standard in the direct final rule. As a result, in a separate action we are withdrawing those amendments from the direct final rule. This final action addresses the adverse comments we received and finalizes the removal of the oxygen content standard and associated compliance requirements from the RFG regulations. This book contains: - The complete text of the Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives - Removal of Reformulated Gasoline Oxygen Content Requirement (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section