This book aims to cover a wide spectrum of research activities, both theoretical and experimental, in nuclear structure, nuclear astrophysics and nuclear reactions. Topics included are: nuclear structure under extreme conditions; collective phenomena and phase transitions; ground-state properties and synthesis of the heaviest elements; advances in mean field theories; modern shell model; cluster models and molecular dynamics; achievements in weak-interaction processes; nucleon scattering and more.
The proceedings of this conference should be of interest to nuclear physicists (researchers, university and college professors, graduate and post-graduate students). FINUSTAR 3 covered a wide spectrum of research activities in nuclear structure, nuclear astrophysics and nuclear reactions that due to common instrumentation and research facilities have been overlapping strongly over the last years. The topics in nuclear structure, astrophysics and reactions, experimental and theoretical, covered by FINUSTAR 3 are as follows: Nuclear structure at the extremes Collective phenomena and phase transitions in nuclei Exotic excitations Synthesis and structure of the heaviest elements Nuclear masses and ground state properties Ab-initio calculations and the shell model Mean field theories, cluster models and molecular dynamics Scattering and reaction dynamics at low and intermediate energies Nuclear reactions off stability and indirect methods Neutrinos in nuclear astrophysics and astro-particle physics Nuclear astrophysics (Big-Bang, s-, r- and p-process & nuclide production) Radioactive and exotic relativistic beams Facilities and instrumentation for the future
A fundamental question in contemporary astrophysics is the origin of the elements. Cosmochemistry seeks to answer when, how and where the chemical elements arose. Quantitative answers to these fundamental questions require a multi-disciplinary approach involving stellar evolution, explosive nucleosynthesis and nuclear reactions in different astrophysical environments. There remain, however, many outstanding problems and cosmochemistry remains a fertile area of research. This book is among the first in recent times to put together the essentials of cosmochemistry, combining contributions from leading astrophysicists in the field. The chapters have been organized to provide a clear description of the fundamentals, an introduction to modern techniques such as computational modelling, and glimpses of outstanding issues.
This volume contains papers presented at the 6th International Workshop on Application of Lasers in Atomic Nuclei Research, LASER 2006, held in Poznan, Poland, May 29-June 01, 2006. Researchers and PhD students interested in recent results in the nuclear structure investigation by laser spectroscopy, the progress of the experimental technique and the future developments in the field will find this volume indispensable.
This book covers the latest developments in synthesizing super-heavy elements at RIKEN, GSI, and GANIL as well as in theories of fusion-fission dynamics. It also examines the latest results in the studies of nuclei far from stability and the clustering phenomena in nuclei, including the present status and future prospects of European and Japanese RIB facilities. In addition, the book details the latest developments in nuclei astrophysics.
Nuclear astrophysics as it stands today is a fascinating science. Even though, compared to other scientific fields, it is a young discipline which has developed only in this century, it has answered many questions concerning the under standing of our cosmos. One of these great achievements was the concept of nucleosynthesis, the creation of the elements in the early universe in interstellar matter and in stars. Nuclear astrophysics has continued, to solve many riddles of the evolution of the myriads of stars in our cosmos. This review volume attempts to provide an overview of the current status of nuclear astrophysics. Special emphasis is given to the interdisciplinary nature of the field: astronomy, nuclear physics, astrophysics and particle physics are equally involved. One basic effort of nuclear astrophysics is the collection of ob servational facts with astronomical methods. Laboratory studies of the nuclear processes involved in various astrophysical scenarios have provided fundamen tal information serving both as input for and test of astrophysical models. The theoretical understanding of nuclear reaction mechanisms is necessary, for example, to extrapolate the experimentally determined reaction rates to the thermonuclear energy range, which is relevant for the nuclear processes in our cosmos. Astrophysical models and calculations allow us to simulate how nuclear processes contribute to driving the evolution of stars, interstellar matter and the whole universe. Finally, elementary particle physics also plays an important role in the field of nuclear astrophysics, for instance through weak interaction processes involving neutrinos.
This book introduces the reader to the field of nuclear astrophysics, i.e. the acquisition and reading of measurements on unstable isotopes in different parts of the universe. The authors explain the role of radioactivities in astrophysics, discuss specific sources of cosmic isotopes and in which special regions they can be observed. More specifically, the authors address stars of different types, stellar explosions which terminate stellar evolutions, and other explosions triggered by mass transfers and instabilities in binary stars. They also address nuclear reactions and transport processes in interstellar space, in the contexts of cosmic rays and of chemical evolution. A special chapter is dedicated to the solar system which even provides material samples. The book also contains a description of key tools which astrophysicists employ in those particular studies and a glossary of key terms in astronomy with radioactivities.
These peer-reviewed NIC XV conference proceedings present the latest major advances in nuclear physics, astrophysics, astronomy, cosmochemistry and neutrino physics, which provide the necessary framework for a microscopic understanding of astrophysical processes. The book also discusses future directions and perspectives in the various fields of nuclear astrophysics research. In addition, it also includes a limited number of section of more general interest on double beta decay and dark matter.
