From Scarcity to Visibility
From Scarcity to Visibility

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2001-11-16

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 0309055806

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Although women have made important inroads in science and engineering since the early 1970s, their progress in these fields has stalled over the past several years. This study looks at women in science and engineering careers in the 1970s and 1980s, documenting differences in career outcomes between men and women and between women of different races and ethnic backgrounds. The panel presents what is known about the following questions and explores their policy implications: In what sectors are female Ph.D.s employed? What salary disparities exist between men and women in these fields? How is marital status associated with career attainment? Does it help a career to have a postdoctoral appointment? How well are female scientists and engineers represented in management? Within the broader context of education and the labor market, the book provides detailed comparisons between men and women Ph.D.s in a number of measures: financial support for education, academic rank achieved, salary, and others. The study covers engineering; the mathematical, physical, life, and social and behavioral sciences; medical school faculty; and recipients of National Institutes of Health grants. Findings and recommendations in this volume will be of interest to practitioners, faculty, and students in science and engineering as well as education administrators, employers, and researchers in these fields.

Overcoming Barriers to Collaborative Research
Overcoming Barriers to Collaborative Research

Author: Policy and Global Affairs

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1999-12-17

Total Pages: 60

ISBN-13: 0309067847

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This report summarizes discussions and insights from the workshop on Overcoming Barriers to Collaborative Research held March 23-24, 1998, in Irvine, California. The workshop was organized by the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss barriers to university-industry cooperation and to explore concrete approaches to overcoming them. Practitioners from universities and industry, as well as government policy makers, participated in the two-day workshop.

Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty
Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2010-06-18

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 030915586X

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Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty presents new and surprising findings about career differences between female and male full-time, tenure-track, and tenured faculty in science, engineering, and mathematics at the nation's top research universities. Much of this congressionally mandated book is based on two unique surveys of faculty and departments at major U.S. research universities in six fields: biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mathematics, and physics. A departmental survey collected information on departmental policies, recent tenure and promotion cases, and recent hires in almost 500 departments. A faculty survey gathered information from a stratified, random sample of about 1,800 faculty on demographic characteristics, employment experiences, the allocation of institutional resources such as laboratory space, professional activities, and scholarly productivity. This book paints a timely picture of the status of female faculty at top universities, clarifies whether male and female faculty have similar opportunities to advance and succeed in academia, challenges some commonly held views, and poses several questions still in need of answers. This book will be of special interest to university administrators and faculty, graduate students, policy makers, professional and academic societies, federal funding agencies, and others concerned with the vitality of the U.S. research base and economy.

Removing Barriers
Removing Barriers

Author: Jill M. Bystydzienski

Publisher: Indiana University Press

Published: 2006-03-20

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 9780253111739

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Movement into academic science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields has been slow for women and minorities. Not only are women and minorities underrepresented in STEM careers, there is strong evidence that many academic departments are resistant to addressing the concerns that keep them from entering careers in these fields. In light of recent controversies surrounding these issues, this volume, examining reasons for the persistence of barriers that block the full participation and advancement of underrepresented groups in the sciences and addressing how academic departments and universities can remedy the situation, is particularly timely. As a whole, the volume shows positive examples of institutions and departments that have been transformed by the inclusion of women and recommends a set of best practices for continuing growth in positive directions.

Computer Vision – ECCV 2022 Workshops
Computer Vision – ECCV 2022 Workshops

Author: Leonid Karlinsky

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-02-14

Total Pages: 784

ISBN-13: 3031250567

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The 8-volume set, comprising the LNCS books 13801 until 13809, constitutes the refereed proceedings of 38 out of the 60 workshops held at the 17th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2022. The conference took place in Tel Aviv, Israel, during October 23-27, 2022; the workshops were held hybrid or online. The 367 full papers included in this volume set were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the ECCV 2022 workshop proceedings. They were organized in individual parts as follows: Part I: W01 - AI for Space; W02 - Vision for Art; W03 - Adversarial Robustness in the Real World; W04 - Autonomous Vehicle Vision Part II: W05 - Learning With Limited and Imperfect Data; W06 - Advances in Image Manipulation; Part III: W07 - Medical Computer Vision; W08 - Computer Vision for Metaverse; W09 - Self-Supervised Learning: What Is Next?; Part IV: W10 - Self-Supervised Learning for Next-Generation Industry-Level Autonomous Driving; W11 - ISIC Skin Image Analysis; W12 - Cross-Modal Human-Robot Interaction; W13 - Text in Everything; W14 - BioImage Computing; W15 - Visual Object-Oriented Learning Meets Interaction: Discovery, Representations, and Applications; W16 - AI for Creative Video Editing and Understanding; W17 - Visual Inductive Priors for Data-Efficient Deep Learning; W18 - Mobile Intelligent Photography and Imaging; Part V: W19 - People Analysis: From Face, Body and Fashion to 3D Virtual Avatars; W20 - Safe Artificial Intelligence for Automated Driving; W21 - Real-World Surveillance: Applications and Challenges; W22 - Affective Behavior Analysis In-the-Wild; Part VI: W23 - Visual Perception for Navigation in Human Environments: The JackRabbot Human Body Pose Dataset and Benchmark; W24 - Distributed Smart Cameras; W25 - Causality in Vision; W26 - In-Vehicle Sensing and Monitorization; W27 - Assistive Computer Vision and Robotics; W28 - Computational Aspects of Deep Learning; Part VII: W29 - Computer Vision for Civil and Infrastructure Engineering; W30 - AI-Enabled Medical Image Analysis: Digital Pathology and Radiology/COVID19; W31 - Compositional and Multimodal Perception; Part VIII: W32 - Uncertainty Quantification for Computer Vision; W33 - Recovering 6D Object Pose; W34 - Drawings and Abstract Imagery: Representation and Analysis; W35 - Sign Language Understanding; W36 - A Challenge for Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Computer Vision; W37 - Vision With Biased or Scarce Data; W38 - Visual Object Tracking Challenge.

The Knowledge Polity
The Knowledge Polity

Author: Paul A. Djupe

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 0197611915

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"This chapter introduces our holistic view of knowledge production in sociology and political science. Enlarging our view beyond the individualistic publication pipeline metaphor, we press the conception of academics as citizens of a knowledge polity with rights and responsibilities. Knowledge production does not just mean research, but encompasses teaching, reviewing, blogging, commenting, and other activities, which signal its communal nature. We then advance an explanation for knowledge production that situates academics in institutional and social contexts - including the family - while maintaining individual agency. We search for inequalities by gender and racial/ethnic identification, but are careful to consider the changing compositions of political science and sociology (both are diversifying steadily) and different situations (e.g., faculty rank) when making comparisons. The chapter describes our PASS study, which sampled academic departments and surveyed 1,700 faculty in 2017. Respondent reports were linked with data on lifetime publications, Twitter activity and other data"--

Complexities
Complexities

Author: Bettye Anne Case

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2016-05-31

Total Pages: 455

ISBN-13: 0691171092

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Sophie Germain taught herself mathematics by candlelight, huddled in her bedclothes. Ada Byron Lovelace anticipated aspects of general-purpose digital computing by more than a century. Cora Ratto de Sadosky advanced messages of tolerance and equality while sharing her mathematical talents with generations of students. This captivating book gives voice to women mathematicians from the late eighteenth century through to the present day. It documents the complex nature of the conditions women around the world have faced--and continue to face--while pursuing their careers in mathematics. The stories of the three women above and those of many more appear here, each one enlightening and inspiring. The earlier parts of the book provide historical context and perspective, beginning with excursions into the lives of fifteen women born before 1920. Included are histories of collective efforts to improve women's opportunities in research mathematics. In addition, a photo essay puts a human face on the subject as it illustrates women's contributions in professional associations. More than eighty women from academe, government, and the private sector provide a rich mélange of insights and strategies for creating workable career paths while maintaining rewarding personal lives. The book discusses related social and cultural issues, and includes a summary of recent comparative data relating to women and men in mathematics and women from other sciences. First-person accounts provide explicit how-tos; many narratives demonstrate great determination and perseverance. Talented women vividly portray their pleasure in discovering new mathematics. The senior among them speak out candidly, interweaving their mathematics with autobiographical detail. At the beginning of a new century, women at all stages of their careers share their outlooks and experiences. Clear, engaging, and meticulously researched, Complexities will inspire young women who are contemplating careers in mathematics and will speak to women in many fields of endeavor and walks of life.